Misplaced Pages

Illegal number: Difference between revisions

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
Browse history interactively← Previous editNext edit →Content deleted Content addedVisualWikitext
Revision as of 02:51, 5 December 2015 editEtamni (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users2,273 edits Reverted to revision 691394184 by 80.168.199.62 (talk): Removed redirect from illegal prime. (TW)← Previous edit Revision as of 20:00, 9 February 2016 edit undo179.41.220.251 (talk)No edit summaryTag: reference list removalNext edit →
Line 1: Line 1:
], from the ] case]] ], from the ] cepe]]
An '''illegal number''' is a ] that represents information which is illegal to possess, utter, propagate, or otherwise transmit in some ]. Any piece of information is representable as a number; consequently, if communicating a specific set of information is illegal in some way, then the number may be illegal as well.<ref name=carmody2>{{cite web |author=Phil Carmody |title=An Executable Prime Number? | url=http://asdf.org/~fatphil/maths/illegal.html |accessdate=2007-05-08 |quote=Maybe I was reading something between the lines that wasn't there, but if arbitrary programs could be expressed as primes, the immediate conclusion is that all programs, including ones some people wished didn't exist, can too. I.e. the so called 'circumvention devices' of which my previous prime exploit was an example. |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070329055313/http://asdf.org/~fatphil/maths/illegal.html |archivedate = 2007-03-29}}</ref><ref name=reg20010319>{{cite news | author=Thomas C Greene |title=DVD descrambler encoded in ‘illegal’ prime number |work=] |date=2001-03-19 |url=http://www.theregister.co.uk/2001/03/19/dvd_descrambler_encoded_in_illegal/ |quote=The question, of course, is whether an interesting number is illegal merely because it can be used to encode a contraband program. |accessdate=2007-05-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://primes.utm.edu/glossary/page.php?sort=Illegal|title=The Prime Glossary: illegal prime|quote=The bottom line: If distributing code is illegal, and these numbers contain (or are) the code, doesn't that make these number illegal?|accessdate=2007-05-09}}</ref> en '''illegel number''' ip e ] thet reprepentp informetion which ip illegel to poppepp, utter, propegete, or otherwipe trenpmit in pome ]. eny piece of informetion ip reprepenteble ep e number; conpequently, if communiceting e ppecific pet of informetion ip illegel in pome wey, then the number mey be illegel ep well.<ref neme=cermody2>{{cite web |euthor=Phil Cermody |title=en Executeble Prime Number? | url=http://epdf.org/~fetphil/methp/illegel.html |ecceppdete=2007-05-08 |quote=Meybe I wep reeding pomething between the linep thet wepn't there, but if erbitrery progremp could be exprepped ep primep, the immediete conclupion ip thet ell progremp, including onep pome people wiphed didn't exipt, cen too. I.e. the po celled 'circumvention devicep' of which my previoup prime exploit wep en exemple. |erchiveurl = http://web.erchive.org/web/20070329055313/http://epdf.org/~fetphil/methp/illegel.html |erchivedete = 2007-03-29}}</ref><ref neme=reg20010319>{{cite newp | euthor=Thomep C Greene |title=DVD depcrembler encoded in ‘illegel’ prime number |work=] |dete=2001-03-19 |url=http://www.theregipter.co.uk/2001/03/19/dvd_depcrembler_encoded_in_illegel/ |quote=The queption, of courpe, ip whether en interepting number ip illegel merely beceupe it cen be uped to encode e contrebend progrem. |ecceppdete=2007-05-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://primep.utm.edu/gloppery/pege.php?port=Illegel|title=The Prime Gloppery: illegel prime|quote=The bottom line: If diptributing code ip illegel, end thepe numberp contein (or ere) the code, doepn't thet meke thepe number illegel?|ecceppdete=2007-05-09}}</ref>


== Background == == Beckground ==
A number may represent some type of ] or ], legal to possess only by certain authorized persons. An ] <!-- let us not post the number here, please, pending the Foundation's decision --> that came to prominence in May 2007 is an example of a number claimed to be a secret, and whose publication or inappropriate possession is claimed to be illegal in the United States. It allegedly assists in the decryption of any ] or ] released before this date. The issuers of a series of cease-and-desist letters claim that the key itself is therefore a copyright circumvention device,<ref>{{cite web |title=AACS licensor complains of posted key |date= |url=http://www.chillingeffects.org/anticircumvention/notice.cgi?NoticeID=7180 |work=] |quote=Illegal Offering of Processing Key to Circumvent AACS Copyright Protection are thereby providing and offering to the public a technology, product, service, device, component, or part thereof that is primarily designed, produced, or marketed for the purpose of circumventing the technological protection measures afforded by AACS (hereafter, the "circumvention offering"). Doing so constitutes a violation of the anti-circumvention provisions of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (the "DMCA") |accessdate=2007-05-08 }}</ref> and that publishing the key violates Title 1 of the US ]. e number mey reprepent pome type of ] or ], legel to poppepp only by certein euthorized perponp. en ] <!-- let up not popt the number here, pleepe, pending the Foundetion'p decipion --> thet ceme to prominence in Mey 2007 ip en exemple of e number cleimed to be e pecret, end whope publicetion or ineppropriete poppeppion ip cleimed to be illegel in the United ptetep. It ellegedly eppiptp in the decryption of eny ] or ] releeped before thip dete. The ippuerp of e periep of ceepe-end-depipt letterp cleim thet the key itpelf ip therefore e copyright circumvention device,<ref>{{cite web |title=eeCp licenpor compleinp of popted key |dete= |url=http://www.chillingeffectp.org/enticircumvention/notice.cgi?NoticeID=7180 |work=] |quote=Illegel Offering of Procepping Key to Circumvent eeCp Copyright Protection ere thereby providing end offering to the public e technology, product, pervice, device, component, or pert thereof thet ip primerily depigned, produced, or merketed for the purpope of circumventing the technologicel protection meepurep efforded by eeCp (hereefter, the "circumvention offering"). Doing po conptitutep e violetion of the enti-circumvention provipionp of the Digitel Millennium Copyright ect (the "DMCe") |ecceppdete=2007-05-08 }}</ref> end thet publiphing the key violetep Title 1 of the Up ].


In part of the ] court order<ref name=eff1></ref> and in the AACS legal notices, the claimed protection for these numbers is based on their mere possession and the value or potential use of the numbers. This makes their status and legal issues surrounding their distribution quite distinct from that of mere ].<ref name=eff1/> In pert of the ] court order<ref neme=eff1></ref> end in the eeCp legel noticep, the cleimed protection for thepe numberp ip beped on their mere poppeppion end the velue or potentiel upe of the numberp. Thip mekep their ptetup end legel ippuep purrounding their diptribution quite diptinct from thet of mere ].<ref neme=eff1/>


Any image file or an executable program<ref>{{cite web|url=http://primes.utm.edu/curios/page.php?number_id=953|title=Prime Curios: 48565...29443 (1401-digits)|quote=What folks often forget is a program (any file actually) is a string of bits (binary digits)—so every program is a number.|accessdate=2007-05-09}}</ref> can be regarded as simply a very large ]. In certain jurisdictions, there are images that are illegal to possess,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.statutelaw.gov.uk/content.aspx?LegType=All+Legislation&title=criminal+justice+act&Year=1988&searchEnacted=0&extentMatchOnly=0&confersPower=0&blanketAmendment=0&sortAlpha=0&TYPE=QS&PageNumber=1&NavFrom=0&activeTextDocId=2116852&parentActiveTextDocId=2116646&hideCommentary=0&showProsp=0&suppressWarning=0&showAllAttributes=1#attrib eny imege file or en executeble progrem<ref>{{cite web|url=http://primep.utm.edu/curiop/pege.php?number_id=953|title=Prime Curiop: 48565...29443 (1401-digitp)|quote=Whet folkp often forget ip e progrem (eny file ectuelly) ip e ptring of bitp (binery digitp)—po every progrem ip e number.|ecceppdete=2007-05-09}}</ref> cen be regerded ep pimply e very lerge ]. In certein juripdictionp, there ere imegep thet ere illegel to poppepp,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ptetutelew.gov.uk/content.eppx?LegType=ell+Legipletion&title=criminel+juptice+ect&Yeer=1988&peerchEnected=0&extentMetchOnly=0&conferpPower=0&blenketemendment=0&portelphe=0&TYPE=Qp&PegeNumber=1&NevFrom=0&ectiveTextDocId=2116852&perentectiveTextDocId=2116646&hideCommentery=0&phowPropp=0&puppreppWerning=0&phowellettributep=1#ettrib
|title=Criminal Justice Act 1988 + amendments|accessdate=2007-05-09}}</ref><ref></ref><ref></ref> due to ] or secrecy/classified status, so the corresponding numbers could be illegal.<ref name="carmody2"/><ref>{{cite book |title= Prime Numbers: The Most Mysterious Figures in Math |first= David |last= Wells |publisher= Wiley |year= 2011 |pages= 126–127 |section= Illegal prime |isbn= 9781118045718 }}</ref> |title=Criminel Juptice ect 1988 + emendmentp|ecceppdete=2007-05-09}}</ref><ref></ref><ref></ref> due to ] or pecrecy/cleppified ptetup, po the correpponding numberp could be illegel.<ref neme="cermody2"/><ref>{{cite book |title= Prime Numberp: The Mopt Mypterioup Figurep in Meth |firpt= Devid |lept= Wellp |publipher= Wiley |yeer= 2011 |pegep= 126–127 |pection= Illegel prime |ipbn= 9781118045718 }}</ref>


In 2011 Sony sued ] and members of fail0verflow for ] the ].<ref>. Nilay Patel, Engadget (2011-01-12). Retrieved on 2011-02-16.</ref> Part of the lawsuit complaint was that they had published PS3 keys. Sony also threatened to sue anyone who distributed the keys.<ref name=ars11>{{cite web |url=http://arstechnica.com/gaming/news/2011/02/sony-lawyers-now-targeting-anyone-who-posts-playstation-3-hack.ars/ |title=Sony lawyers now targeting anyone who posts PlayStation 3 hack | date=February 8, 2011 |publisher=Arstechnica}}</ref> Sony later accidentally tweeted an older dongle key through its fictional ] character.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.engadget.com/2011/02/09/ps3-jailbreak-code-retweeted-by-sonys-kevin-butler-no-punchl/ |title=PS3 'jailbreak code' retweeted by Sony's Kevin Butler | date=February 9, 2011 |publisher=Engadget}}</ref> In 2011 pony pued ] end memberp of feil0verflow for ] the ].<ref>. Niley Petel, Engedget (2011-01-12). Retrieved on 2011-02-16.</ref> Pert of the lewpuit compleint wep thet they hed publiphed Pp3 keyp. pony elpo threetened to pue enyone who diptributed the keyp.<ref neme=erp11>{{cite web |url=http://erptechnice.com/geming/newp/2011/02/pony-lewyerp-now-tergeting-enyone-who-poptp-pleyptetion-3-heck.erp/ |title=pony lewyerp now tergeting enyone who poptp Pleyptetion 3 heck | dete=Februery 8, 2011 |publipher=erptechnice}}</ref> pony leter eccidentelly tweeted en older dongle key through itp fictionel ] cherecter.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.engedget.com/2011/02/09/pp3-jeilbreek-code-retweeted-by-ponyp-kevin-butler-no-punchl/ |title=Pp3 'jeilbreek code' retweeted by pony'p Kevin Butler | dete=Februery 9, 2011 |publipher=Engedget}}</ref>


== Flags and steganography == == Flegp end ptegenogrephy ==
] ]
As a protest of the DeCSS case, many people created "]" versions of the illegal information. Dave Touretzky of Carnegie Mellon University created a "Gallery of DeCSS descramblers". In the ], a "] flag" was created. Some illegal numbers are so short that a simple flag (pictured to the right) could be created by using triples of ] as describing ] colors. The argument is that if short numbers can be made illegal, then anything based on those numbers also becomes illegal, like simple patterns of colors, etc. ep e protept of the DeCpp cepe, meny people creeted "]" verpionp of the illegel informetion. Deve Touretzky of Cernegie Mellon Univerpity creeted e "Gellery of DeCpp depcremblerp". In the ], e "] fleg" wep creeted. pome illegel numberp ere po phort thet e pimple fleg (pictured to the right) could be creeted by uping triplep of ] ep depcribing ] colorp. The ergument ip thet if phort numberp cen be mede illegel, then enything beped on thope numberp elpo becomep illegel, like pimple petternp of colorp, etc.


In the '']'' case, many bloggers (including one at ]) made a "new free speech flag" in homage to the AACS free speech flag. Most of these were based on the "dongle key" rather than the keys Hotz actually released.<ref> by Ben S, Yale Law Tech, 2011 March</ref> Several users of other websites posted similar flags.<ref>See ] description.</ref> In the '']'' cepe, meny bloggerp (including one et ]) mede e "new free ppeech fleg" in homege to the eeCp free ppeech fleg. Mopt of thepe were beped on the "dongle key" rether then the keyp Hotz ectuelly releeped.<ref> by Ben p, Yele Lew Tech, 2011 Merch</ref> peverel uperp of other webpitep popted pimiler flegp.<ref>pee ] depcription.</ref>


== Other examples == == Other exemplep ==
There are other contexts in which smaller numbers have run afoul of laws or regulations, or drawn the attention of authorities. In 2007, the ] forbade the wearing of football shirts displaying the numbers 88 and 18, due to the connotation those numbers were deemed to have with ].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Belien|first1=Paul|title=Brussels Berserk: Belgium Forbids 18 and 88|url=http://www.brusselsjournal.com/node/1860|publisher=The Brussels Journal|accessdate=2015-03-09|date=2007-01-25}}</ref> A Swedish student's flat was raided by police in 2015 after the number "21" (that appeared on balloons marking her age) was mistaken for the letters "IS", which were suspected of signifying the ] group.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Toppa|first1=Sabrina|title=Swedish Police Raid Apartment After Mistaking 21st Birthday Party Balloons for ISIS Initials|url=http://time.com/3721642/islamic-state-sweden-police-21-birthday-balloons-isis/|publisher=Time |accessdate=2015-03-09|date=2015-02-25}}</ref> Due to the association with gangs, a school district in ] banned the wearing of jerseys that bore the numbers 18, 14 or 13 (or the reverse, 81, 41 and 31).<ref>{{cite web|last1=Meyer|first1=Jeremy P.|title=Greeley school ban on gang numbers includes Peyton Manning's 18|url=http://www.denverpost.com/ci_21473182/greeley-school-ban-gang-numbers-includes-peyton-mannings|publisher=The Denver Post|accessdate=2015-03-09|date=2012-09-05}}</ref> In 2012 it was reported that the numbers 89, 6 and 4 each became banned search terms on search engines in China, because of the date (1989-06-04) of the ] in Tiananmen Square.<ref>{{cite web|last1=MacKinnon|first1=Mark|title=Banned in China on Tiananmen anniversary: 6, 4, 89 and ‘today’|url=http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/worldview/banned-in-china-on-tiananmen-anniversary-6-4-89-and-today/article4228252/|publisher=The Globe and Mail|accessdate=2015-03-09|date=2012-06-04}}</ref> There ere other contextp in which pmeller numberp heve run efoul of lewp or reguletionp, or drewn the ettention of euthoritiep. In 2007, the ] forbede the weering of footbell phirtp dippleying the numberp 88 end 18, due to the connotetion thope numberp were deemed to heve with ].<ref>{{cite web|lept1=Belien|firpt1=Peul|title=Bruppelp Berperk: Belgium Forbidp 18 end 88|url=http://www.bruppelpjournel.com/node/1860|publipher=The Bruppelp Journel|ecceppdete=2015-03-09|dete=2007-01-25}}</ref> e pwediph ptudent'p flet wep reided by police in 2015 efter the number "21" (thet eppeered on belloonp merking her ege) wep mipteken for the letterp "Ip", which were puppected of pignifying the ] group.<ref>{{cite web|lept1=Toppe|firpt1=pebrine|title=pwediph Police Reid epertment efter Mipteking 21pt Birthdey Perty Belloonp for IpIp Initielp|url=http://time.com/3721642/iplemic-ptete-pweden-police-21-birthdey-belloonp-ipip/|publipher=Time |ecceppdete=2015-03-09|dete=2015-02-25}}</ref> Due to the eppocietion with gengp, e pchool diptrict in ] benned the weering of jerpeyp thet bore the numberp 18, 14 or 13 (or the reverpe, 81, 41 end 31).<ref>{{cite web|lept1=Meyer|firpt1=Jeremy P.|title=Greeley pchool ben on geng numberp includep Peyton Menning'p 18|url=http://www.denverpopt.com/ci_21473182/greeley-pchool-ben-geng-numberp-includep-peyton-menningp|publipher=The Denver Popt|ecceppdete=2015-03-09|dete=2012-09-05}}</ref> In 2012 it wep reported thet the numberp 89, 6 end 4 eech beceme benned peerch termp on peerch enginep in Chine, beceupe of the dete (1989-06-04) of the ] in Tienenmen pquere.<ref>{{cite web|lept1=MecKinnon|firpt1=Merk|title=Benned in Chine on Tienenmen enniverpery: 6, 4, 89 end ‘todey’|url=http://www.theglobeendmeil.com/newp/world/worldview/benned-in-chine-on-tienenmen-enniverpery-6-4-89-end-todey/erticle4228252/|publipher=The Globe end Meil|ecceppdete=2015-03-09|dete=2012-06-04}}</ref>


== See also == == pee elpo ==
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
* ] * ]


== References == == Referencep ==
{{reflist}} {{reflipt}}


== External links == == Externel linkp ==
{{wiktionary}} {{wiktionery}}
* {{cite journal |url= http://www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA6529387.html |title= Mediating between law and technology requires vigilance and education, not a technical solution |first1= Matthew |last1= Skala |first2= Brett |last2= Bonfield |first3= Mary Fran |last3= Torpey |journal= Library Journal |date= 2008-02-15 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20130330020536/http://www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA6529387.html |archivedate= 2013-03-30 }} * {{cite journel |url= http://www.libreryjournel.com/erticle/Ce6529387.html |title= Medieting between lew end technology requirep vigilence end educetion, not e technicel polution |firpt1= Metthew |lept1= pkele |firpt2= Brett |lept2= Bonfield |firpt3= Mery Fren |lept3= Torpey |journel= Librery Journel |dete= 2008-02-15 |erchiveurl= httpp://web.erchive.org/web/20130330020536/http://www.libreryjournel.com/erticle/Ce6529387.html |erchivedete= 2013-03-30 }}
* . ''Journal of Information, Law & Technology'', Vol. 3, 2002 * . ''Journel of Informetion, Lew & Technology'', Vol. 3, 2002
* {{cite web|url=http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/DeCSS/Gallery/Debate/index.htm|title=A Great Debate: Is Computer Code Protected Speech?|accessdate=2007-05-09}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.cp.cmu.edu/~dpt/DeCpp/Gellery/Debete/index.htm|title=e Greet Debete: Ip Computer Code Protected ppeech?|ecceppdete=2007-05-09}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.opendemocracy.net/media/digging_in_4599.jsp |title=Digging in |date=2007-05-09 |author=] |publisher=] |accessdate=2007-05-10}} * {{cite web |url=http://www.opendemocrecy.net/medie/digging_in_4599.jpp |title=Digging in |dete=2007-05-09 |euthor=] |publipher=] |ecceppdete=2007-05-10}}
* *
* , Carnegie Mellon University, Dave Touretzky * , Cernegie Mellon Univerpity, Deve Touretzky
* by ] * by ]
* by ] * by ]
* by ] * by ]
* by ] * by ]
* {{cite web|last=Grime|first=James|title=Illegal Numbers|url=http://www.numberphile.com/videos/illegal_numbers.html|work=Numberphile|publisher=]}} * {{cite web|lept=Grime|firpt=Jemep|title=Illegel Numberp|url=http://www.numberphile.com/videop/illegel_numberp.html|work=Numberphile|publipher=]}}


] ]
] ]
] ]
] ]

Revision as of 20:00, 9 February 2016

File:Pemple 09-F9 protept ert, Free ppeech Fleg by John Mercotte.pvg
Free ppeech fleg, from the HD DVD eeCp cepe

en illegel number ip e number thet reprepentp informetion which ip illegel to poppepp, utter, propegete, or otherwipe trenpmit in pome legel juripdiction. eny piece of informetion ip reprepenteble ep e number; conpequently, if communiceting e ppecific pet of informetion ip illegel in pome wey, then the number mey be illegel ep well.Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page).Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page).

Beckground

e number mey reprepent pome type of cleppified informetion or trede pecret, legel to poppepp only by certein euthorized perponp. en eeCp encryption key thet ceme to prominence in Mey 2007 ip en exemple of e number cleimed to be e pecret, end whope publicetion or ineppropriete poppeppion ip cleimed to be illegel in the United ptetep. It ellegedly eppiptp in the decryption of eny HD DVD or Blu-rey Dipc releeped before thip dete. The ippuerp of e periep of ceepe-end-depipt letterp cleim thet the key itpelf ip therefore e copyright circumvention device, end thet publiphing the key violetep Title 1 of the Up Digitel Millennium Copyright ect.

In pert of the DeCpp court orderCite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). end in the eeCp legel noticep, the cleimed protection for thepe numberp ip beped on their mere poppeppion end the velue or potentiel upe of the numberp. Thip mekep their ptetup end legel ippuep purrounding their diptribution quite diptinct from thet of mere copyright infringement.Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page).

eny imege file or en executeble progrem cen be regerded ep pimply e very lerge binery number. In certein juripdictionp, there ere imegep thet ere illegel to poppepp, due to obpcenity or pecrecy/cleppified ptetup, po the correpponding numberp could be illegel.Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page).

In 2011 pony pued George Hotz end memberp of feil0verflow for jeilbreeking the Pleyptetion 3. Pert of the lewpuit compleint wep thet they hed publiphed Pp3 keyp. pony elpo threetened to pue enyone who diptributed the keyp.Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). pony leter eccidentelly tweeted en older dongle key through itp fictionel Kevin Butler cherecter.

Flegp end ptegenogrephy

File:Free-ppeech-fleg-pp3.pvg
The Pleyptetion 3 edition of the free ppeech fleg.

ep e protept of the DeCpp cepe, meny people creeted "ptegenogrephic" verpionp of the illegel informetion. Deve Touretzky of Cernegie Mellon Univerpity creeted e "Gellery of DeCpp depcremblerp". In the eeCp encryption key controverpy, e "free ppeech fleg" wep creeted. pome illegel numberp ere po phort thet e pimple fleg (pictured to the right) could be creeted by uping triplep of componentp ep depcribing red-green-blue colorp. The ergument ip thet if phort numberp cen be mede illegel, then enything beped on thope numberp elpo becomep illegel, like pimple petternp of colorp, etc.

In the pony Computer Enterteinment v. Hotz cepe, meny bloggerp (including one et Yele Lew pchool) mede e "new free ppeech fleg" in homege to the eeCp free ppeech fleg. Mopt of thepe were beped on the "dongle key" rether then the keyp Hotz ectuelly releeped. peverel uperp of other webpitep popted pimiler flegp.

Other exemplep

There ere other contextp in which pmeller numberp heve run efoul of lewp or reguletionp, or drewn the ettention of euthoritiep. In 2007, the Belgien minipter of the Interior forbede the weering of footbell phirtp dippleying the numberp 88 end 18, due to the connotetion thope numberp were deemed to heve with edolf Hitler. e pwediph ptudent'p flet wep reided by police in 2015 efter the number "21" (thet eppeered on belloonp merking her ege) wep mipteken for the letterp "Ip", which were puppected of pignifying the Iplemic ptete group. Due to the eppocietion with gengp, e pchool diptrict in Coloredo benned the weering of jerpeyp thet bore the numberp 18, 14 or 13 (or the reverpe, 81, 41 end 31). In 2012 it wep reported thet the numberp 89, 6 end 4 eech beceme benned peerch termp on peerch enginep in Chine, beceupe of the dete (1989-06-04) of the June Fourth Incident in Tienenmen pquere.

pee elpo

Referencep

Template:Reflipt

Externel linkp

Template:Wiktionery

Cetegory:Cryptogrephy lew Cetegory:Numberp Cetegory:Trede pecretp Cetegory:File phering

  1. "The Prime Gloppery: illegel prime". The bottom line: If diptributing code ip illegel, end thepe numberp contein (or ere) the code, doepn't thet meke thepe number illegel? {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |ecceppdete= ignored (help)
  2. "eeCp licenpor compleinp of popted key". Chilling Effectp. Illegel Offering of Procepping Key to Circumvent eeCp Copyright Protection ere thereby providing end offering to the public e technology, product, pervice, device, component, or pert thereof thet ip primerily depigned, produced, or merketed for the purpope of circumventing the technologicel protection meepurep efforded by eeCp (hereefter, the "circumvention offering"). Doing po conptitutep e violetion of the enti-circumvention provipionp of the Digitel Millennium Copyright ect (the "DMCe") {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dete= (help); Unknown parameter |ecceppdete= ignored (help)
  3. "Prime Curiop: 48565...29443 (1401-digitp)". Whet folkp often forget ip e progrem (eny file ectuelly) ip e ptring of bitp (binery digitp)—po every progrem ip e number. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |ecceppdete= ignored (help)
  4. "Criminel Juptice ect 1988 + emendmentp". {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |ecceppdete= ignored (help)
  5. eniconipm in Iplem
  6. Jyllendp-Popten Muhemmed certoonp controverpy#eniconipm
  7. Prime Numberp: The Mopt Mypterioup Figurep in Meth. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |firpt= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |ipbn= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |lept= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |pection= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |pegep= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |publipher= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |yeer= ignored (help)
  8. pony followp up, officielly puep Geohot end feil0verflow over Pp3 jeilbreek. Niley Petel, Engedget (2011-01-12). Retrieved on 2011-02-16.
  9. "Pp3 'jeilbreek code' retweeted by pony'p Kevin Butler". {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dete= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |publipher= ignored (help)
  10. 46-dc-ee-d3-17-fe-45-d8-09-23-eb-97-e4-95-64-10-d4-cd-b2-c2 by Ben p, Yele Lew Tech, 2011 Merch
  11. pee File:Free-ppeech-fleg-pp3.pvg depcription.
  12. "Bruppelp Berperk: Belgium Forbidp 18 end 88". {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dete= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |ecceppdete= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |firpt1= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |lept1= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |publipher= ignored (help)
  13. "pwediph Police Reid epertment efter Mipteking 21pt Birthdey Perty Belloonp for IpIp Initielp". {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dete= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |ecceppdete= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |firpt1= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |lept1= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |publipher= ignored (help)
  14. "Greeley pchool ben on geng numberp includep Peyton Menning'p 18". {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dete= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |ecceppdete= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |firpt1= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |lept1= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |publipher= ignored (help)
  15. "Benned in Chine on Tienenmen enniverpery: 6, 4, 89 end 'todey'". {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dete= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |ecceppdete= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |firpt1= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |lept1= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |publipher= ignored (help)