List of presidents of Croatia: Difference between revisions

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			Presidents of the Presidency of the Socialist Republic of Croatia (1949-1990)

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	\| style="width:18em;" \| <small>Constitutional amendments in July 1990 changed formal title to "President of Croatia" and expanded presidential powers. New constitution (third since 1945) drafted later that year.</small>		\| style="width:18em;" \| <small>Constitutional amendments in July 1990 changed formal title to "President of Croatia" and expanded presidential powers. New constitution (third since 1945) drafted later that year.</small>
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	\| align="center" colspan="8" \| '''Presidents'''<br><small>Following the 1990 ]</small><ref name="july-90">{{cite news \| url = http://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/1990_07_31_610.html \| newspaper = ] \| language = Croatian \| author = ] \| title = Odluka o proglašenju Amandmana LXIV. do LXXV. na Ustav Socijalističke Republike Hrvatske \| date = July 25, 1990 \| accessdate = 2011-12-27}}</ref>
			===Presidents of the Republic of Croatia (1990-present)===

			Note: Franjo Tuđman was elected on 30 May 1990 as the President of the Presidency of the Socialist Republic of Croatia, a constituent republic of the Socialist Federative Republic of Croatia and held office together with 6 vice-presidents. However, with the adoption of a new constitution on 22 December 1990 the name of the republic was changed, removing the word ''Socialits'' from its name and abolishing the Presidency in favor of the post of President of the Republic of Croatia. The Croatian Parliament declared independence on 25 June 1991, but postoponed its decision until 8 October 1991, when Tuđman formally became presiden of an independent nation.

			{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
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			! No.
			! colspan="2" \| President
			! Lifespan
			! colspan="2" \| Term of office<br>—<br>Electoral<br>mandates
			! Party
			! Notes
	\|-		\|-
	\| style="background: {{Croatian Democratic Union/meta/color}}; width:1em" rowspan="2" \| {{color\|white\|'''1<br /><small>(17)</small>'''}}		\| style="background: {{Croatian Democratic Union/meta/color}}; width:1em" rowspan="2" \| {{color\|white\|'''1<br /><small>(17)</small>'''}}

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Politics of Croatia


Constitution Constitutional Act on the Rights of National Minorities in the Republic of Croatia
Executive President (list) Zoran Milanović Cabinet (list) Prime Minister: Andrej Plenković
Legislative Sabor (parliament) Speaker: Gordan Jandroković Current members Opposition Leader: Peđa Grbin
Judiciary Supreme Court Constitutional Court State's Attorney Office National Judicial Council
Political parties in Sabor Centre (CENTAR) Civic Liberal Alliance (GLAS) Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) Croatian Demochristian Party (HDS) Croatian People's Party – Liberal Democrats (HNS-LD) Croatian Party of Pensioners (HSU) Croatian Peasant Party (HSS) Croatian Social Liberal Party (HSLS) Croatian Sovereignists (HS) Democratic Union of Hungarians of Croatia (DZMH) Focus (FOKUS) Homeland Movement (DP) Independent Democratic Serb Party (SDSS) Independent Platform of the North (NPS) Istrian Democratic Assembly (IDS) Law and Justice (PiP) Social Democratic Party (SDP) The Bridge (MOST) We can! (Možemo)
Elections and referendumsRecent elections Presidential: 2014–15 2019–20 2024 Parliamentary: 2020 2024 Local: 2017 2021 European: 2014 2019 2024 Recent referendums 1991 (independence) 2012 (EU membership) 2013 (constitution)
Administrative divisions Counties (Županije) Towns (Gradovi) Municipalities (Općine)
Foreign relations Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs Minister: Gordan Grlić-Radman Diplomatic missions of / in Croatia Passport Visa requirements Politics of the European Union
Croatia portal Other countries
v t e

This is a list of Presidents of Croatia. Historically, the first republican heads of state of Croatia (then a constituent republic of the Yugoslavia) were the Presidents of the Presidium of the Croatian Parliament, an office notably distinct from the President of the Parliament (Predsjednik Sabora, sometimes rendered "Speaker of the Parliament" in English). When the Presidium was abolished in the constitutional reforms of 1953, the position defaulted to the Presidents of the Parliament. In 1974, a new constitution brought about a collective Croatian Presidency, with the President of the Presidency as head of state of the Republic. The next constitution of 1990 abolished the Presidency and established a single office of the President, which (under a new semi-presidential system) was now much more empowered than any of the previous offices. Up until this point, the various heads of state wielded far less real executive power than the Prime Ministers.

Since 1990, the President of the Republic of Croatia (Predsjednik) is directly elected to a five-year term and is limited to a maximum of two terms. However, with the constitution of 2001, the powers of the President (much expanded in 1990) were now again severely curtailed, as Croatia shifted from a semi-presidential system, to a parliamentary system. As in most parliamentary systems, the President is now by-and-large a ceremonial office, with the Prime Minister de facto heading the executive branch. Also since 2001, the President cannot be a member of any political party: he or she can be elected as a member of a party, but once elected must resign the membership, this is marked with an asterisk (*) next to the name of the political party in the table.

Here follows a list of the republican heads of state of Croatia:

League of Communists of Yugoslavia (15) Social Democratic Party (1) Croatian Democratic Union (2) Croatian Peasant Party Croatian People's Party (1)

Presidents of the Presidency of the Socialist Republic of Croatia (1949-1990)

Presidents of the Republic of Croatia (1990-present)

Note: Franjo Tuđman was elected on 30 May 1990 as the President of the Presidency of the Socialist Republic of Croatia, a constituent republic of the Socialist Federative Republic of Croatia and held office together with 6 vice-presidents. However, with the adoption of a new constitution on 22 December 1990 the name of the republic was changed, removing the word Socialits from its name and abolishing the Presidency in favor of the post of President of the Republic of Croatia. The Croatian Parliament declared independence on 25 June 1991, but postoponed its decision until 8 October 1991, when Tuđman formally became presiden of an independent nation.

No.		Lifespan	Term of office — Electoral mandates		Party	Notes
Presidents of the Presidium of the Parliament 1943-1953
1	Vladimir Nazor	1876–1949	13 June 1943	19 June 1949	Independent	From 1943 to 1945 formal head of state as Speaker of the ZAVNOH (Croatian wartime assembly). Post-war served as head of state in the function of President of the Presidium of the Parliament. First head of state of modern Croatia. Died in office.
style="background: Template:League of Communists of Yugoslavia/meta/color; width:1em" \| 2	Karlo Mrazović	1902–1987	15 October 1949	1952	Communist Party of Yugoslavia
style="background: Template:League of Communists of Yugoslavia/meta/color; width:1em" rowspan="2" \| 3	Vicko Krstulović	1905–1988	1952	6 February 1953	Communist Party of Yugoslavia (renamed in 1952)
League of Communists of Yugoslavia (renamed in 1952)	Vicko Krstulović	1905–1988	1952	6 February 1953
Speakers of the Parliament 1953-1974
style="background: Template:League of Communists of Yugoslavia/meta/color; width:1em" \| 4	Zlatan Sremec	1898–1971	6 February 1953	December 1953	League of Communists of Yugoslavia	Speaker of Parliament since 1946; became formal head of state (as Speaker) on 6 February 1953 with the abolition of the Presidium.
style="background: Template:League of Communists of Yugoslavia/meta/color; width:1em" \| 5	Vladimir Bakarić	1912–1983	December 1953	December 1963	League of Communists of Yugoslavia	Longest term to date as Croatian head of state, also served as Prime Minister of Croatia. People's Hero of Yugoslavia
style="background: Template:League of Communists of Yugoslavia/meta/color; width:1em" \| 6	Ivan Krajačić	1906–1986	December 1963	June 1967	League of Communists of Yugoslavia
style="background: Template:League of Communists of Yugoslavia/meta/color; width:1em" \| 7	Jakov Blažević	1912–1996	June 1967	April 1974	League of Communists of Yugoslavia
style="background: Template:League of Communists of Yugoslavia/meta/color; width:1em" \| 8	Ivo Perišin	1925–2008	April 1974	8 May 1974	League of Communists of Yugoslavia	Ceased to be the head of state with the establishment of the collective Presidency on 8 May 1974; continued on as Speaker until 1978. Also at one time held the positions of Prime Minister of Croatia, and Mayor of Split.
Presidents of the Presidency 1974-1990
style="background: Template:League of Communists of Yugoslavia/meta/color; width:1em" \| 9	Jakov Blažević	1912–1996	8 May 1974	May 1982	League of Communists of Yugoslavia
style="background: Template:League of Communists of Yugoslavia/meta/color; width:1em" \| 10	Marijan Cvetković	1920–1990	May 1982	May 1983	League of Communists of Yugoslavia
style="background: Template:League of Communists of Yugoslavia/meta/color; width:1em" \| 11	Milutin Baltić	1920–2013	May 1983	10 May 1984	League of Communists of Yugoslavia
style="background: Template:League of Communists of Yugoslavia/meta/color; width:1em" \| 12	Jakša Petrić	1922–1993	10 May 1984	10 May 1985	League of Communists of Yugoslavia
style="background: Template:League of Communists of Yugoslavia/meta/color; width:1em" \| 13	Pero Car	1920–1985	10 May 1985	15 November 1985	League of Communists of Yugoslavia	Died in office.
style="background: Template:League of Communists of Yugoslavia/meta/color; width:1em" \| 14	Ema Derosi-Bjelajac	1926–	20 November 1985	10 May 1986	League of Communists of Yugoslavia	First female head of state of modern Croatia.
style="background: Template:League of Communists of Yugoslavia/meta/color; width:1em" \| 15	Ante Marković	1924–2011	10 May 1986	May 1988	League of Communists of Yugoslavia	Also at one time Prime Minister of Croatia, and last Prime Minister of Yugoslavia. Led successful reforms terminated by the ensuing Yugoslav Wars.
style="background: Template:League of Communists of Yugoslavia/meta/color; width:1em" \| 16	Ivo Latin	1929–2002	May 1988	30 May 1990	League of Communists of Yugoslavia
style="background: Template:Croatian Democratic Union/meta/color; width:1em" \| 17	Franjo Tuđman	1922–1999	30 May 1990	25 July 1990	Croatian Democratic Union	Constitutional amendments in July 1990 changed formal title to "President of Croatia" and expanded presidential powers. New constitution (third since 1945) drafted later that year.

No.	President		Lifespan	Term of office — Electoral mandates		Party	Notes
style="background: Template:Croatian Democratic Union/meta/color; width:1em" rowspan="2" \| 1 (17)		Franjo Tuđman	1922–1999	25 July 1990	10 December 1999	Croatian Democratic Union	Croatia independent from 25 June 1991. Incapacitated from 26 November 1999; died while formally in office.
Elections: 1992 (56,7%), 1997 (61,4%)		Franjo Tuđman	1922–1999			Croatian Democratic Union
style="background: Template:Croatian Democratic Union/meta/color; width:1em" \| N/A			Vlatko Pavletić (acting)	1930–2007	26 November 1999	2 February 2000	Croatian Democratic Union	Acting president as Speaker of the Parliament.
style="background: Template:Croatian Peasant Party/meta/color; width:1em" \| N/A	Zlatko Tomčić	Zlatko Tomčić (acting)	1945–	2 February 2000	18 February 2000	Croatian Peasant Party	Acting president as Speaker of the Parliament.
style="background: Template:Croatian People's Party/meta/color; width:1em" rowspan="2" \| 2 (18)		Stjepan Mesić	1934–	18 February 2000	18 February 2010	Croatian People's Party* (formally independent)	Two terms. Previously served as the last President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia.
Elections: 2000 (56%), 2005 (65,9%)		Stjepan Mesić	1934–			Croatian People's Party* (formally independent)
style="background: Template:Social Democratic Party of Croatia/meta/color; width:1em" rowspan="2" \| 3 (19)			Ivo Josipović	1957–	19 February 2010	18 February 2015	Social Democratic Party* (formally independent)
Election: 2009–10 (60,3%)			Ivo Josipović	1957–			Social Democratic Party* (formally independent)
style="background: Template:Croatian Democratic Union/meta/color; width:1em" rowspan="2" \| 4 (20)	Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović	Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović	1968–	19 February 2015	Incumbent	Croatian Democratic Union* (formally independent)	First female president (since 1990 parliamentary elections; second female president overall)
Election: 2014–15 (50,7%)		Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović	1968–			Croatian Democratic Union* (formally independent)

Living former Presidents

There are two living former Croatian Presidents:

Living former Presidents
Stjepan Mesic
served 2000-2010, born 24 December 1934 (81 years)
Ivo Josipović
served 2010-2015, born 28 August 1957 (58 years)

Statistics

#	President	Date of birth	Age at ascension (first term)	Time in office (total)	Age at retirement (last term)	Date of death	Longevity
1	Tuđman, FranjoFranjo Tuđman	19220514May 14, 1922(May 14, 1922)	68 01668 years, 16 days	09 1949 years, 194 days	77 21077 years, 210 days	19991210December 10, 1999	28,33477 years, 210 days
A	Pavletić, VlatkoVlatko Pavletić	19301202December 2, 1930(December 2, 1930)	69 00869 years, 8 days	00 0540 years, 54 days	69 06269 years, 62 days	20070919September 19, 2007	28,05076 years, 291 days
A	Tomčić, ZlatkoZlatko Tomčić	19451007October 7, 1945(October 7, 1945)	54 11854 years, 118 days	00 0160 years, 16 days	54 13454 years, 134 days	Living	28,93379 years, 78 days (Living)
2	Mesić, StjepanStjepan Mesić	19341224December 24, 1934(December 24, 1934)	65 05665 years, 56 days	10 00010 years, 0 days	55 24375 years, 56 days	Living	32,87390 years, 0 days (Living)
3	Josipović, IvoIvo Josipović	19570828August 28, 1957(August 28, 1957)	52 17552 years, 175 days	05 0005 years, 0 days	57 17557 years, 175 days	Living	24,59067 years, 118 days (Living)
4	Grabar-Kitarović, KolindaKolinda Grabar-Kitarović	19680429April 29, 1968(April 29, 1968)	46 29546 years, 295 days	00 316 21359 years, 309 days (Ongoing)	Incumbent	Living	20,69356 years, 239 days (Living)

A - Acting President

References

http://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/232289.html
List of Croatian Heads of State
Member of the Unitary National Liberation Front, i.e. the National Front

v t e Presidents of Croatia
Preceded by presidents of the Presidency of SR Croatia (1945–1990)
Presidents (since 1991)	Franjo Tuđman Vlatko Pavletić (acting) Zlatko Tomčić (acting) Stjepan Mesić Ivo Josipović Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović Zoran Milanović	Standard of the Croatian President

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