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| {{Islamic culture}} | {{Islamic culture}} | ||
| The '''Bishwa Ijtema''' ({{lang-bn|বিশ্ব ইজতেমা}}, meaning Global Congregation) is an annual gathering of ] in ], by the banks of the River ], in the outskirts of ], ]. It is the second largest ] congregation after the ].<ref>http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/bangladesh/12088120/What-is-the-festival-of-Bishwa-Ijtema-and-where-is-it-held.html</ref><ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4069759.stm</ref><ref>http://www.dailymail.co.uk/wires/afp/article-2903415/Muslims-condemn-Paris-massacre-Bangladeshs-mini-Hajj.html</ref><ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/1106912.stm</ref> It is one of the ]. The Ijtema is a prayer meeting spread over three days, during which attending devotees perform daily prayers while listening to scholars reciting and explaining verses from the ]. It culminates in the ''Akheri Munajat'', or the Final Prayer, in which millions of devotees raise their hands towards ] and pray for ].<ref |
The '''Bishwa Ijtema''' ({{lang-bn|বিশ্ব ইজতেমা}}, meaning Global Congregation) is an annual gathering of ] in ], by the banks of the River ], in the outskirts of ], ]. It is the second largest ] congregation after the ].<ref name="telegraph.co.uk">{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/bangladesh/12088120/What-is-the-festival-of-Bishwa-Ijtema-and-where-is-it-held.html|title=What is the festival of Bishwa Ijtema and where is it held?|publisher=}}</ref><ref name="bbc.co.uk">{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4069759.stm|title=Muslims attend Bangladesh prayer|date=5 December 2004|publisher=|via=bbc.co.uk}}</ref><ref name="dailymail.co.uk">{{cite web|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/wires/afp/article-2903415/Muslims-condemn-Paris-massacre-Bangladeshs-mini-Hajj.html|title=Muslims condemn Paris massacre at Bangladesh's mini-Hajj|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/1106912.stm|title=Bangladesh Muslim festival ends|date=8 January 2001|publisher=|via=bbc.co.uk}}</ref> It is one of the ]. The Ijtema is a prayer meeting spread over three days, during which attending devotees perform daily prayers while listening to scholars reciting and explaining verses from the ]. It culminates in the ''Akheri Munajat'', or the Final Prayer, in which millions of devotees raise their hands towards ] and pray for ].<ref name="bbc.co.uk"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/country/biswa-ijtema-akheri-munajat-begins-199777|title=Akheri Munajat ends seeking world peace|date=10 January 2016|publisher=}}</ref> The Ijtema is considered a demonstration of Muslim unity, solidarity, mutual love and respect and an opportunity to reiterate their commitment to Islamic values.<ref name="banglapedia.org">{{cite web|url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Viswa_Ijtema|title=Viswa Ijtema - Banglapedia|publisher=}}</ref> | ||
| The Ijtema is non-political, and therefore it draws people of all persuasion. It is attended by devotees from 150 countries.<ref |
The Ijtema is non-political, and therefore it draws people of all persuasion. It is attended by devotees from 150 countries.<ref name="telegraph.co.uk"/> The majority of its devotees come from across Bangladesh, the world's third largest Muslim majority country. Speakers include Islamic scholars from various countries. The president, prime minister and leader of the opposition of Bangladesh are usually in attendance each year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-265093|title=Lakhs join Ijtema's final prayer|date=13 January 2013|publisher=}}</ref> | ||
| ==Etymology== | ==Etymology== | ||
| ''Ijtema'' is an ] which means public gathering.<ref |
''Ijtema'' is an ] which means public gathering.<ref name="banglapedia.org"/> In ], the event is known as the "Bishwa Ijtema". ''Bishwa'' is the Bengali word which means world. | ||
| ==Organization== | ==Organization== | ||
| The event is organized in ] by the Bangladeshi chapter of the ]. The congregation takes place in an area that spans over five square kilometers in an outer suburb of Dhaka.<ref |
The event is organized in ] by the Bangladeshi chapter of the ]. The congregation takes place in an area that spans over five square kilometers in an outer suburb of Dhaka.<ref name="banglapedia.org"/> An extensive ] is created in the area with the help of the ]. Transport is provided by the state-run companies, including ], the ] and the ] (BTRC). The ] assists by arranging infrastructure. Despite the large number of devotees living within a confined space, generally there are very few problems of sanitation, cooking, and internal movements. It is believed to be possible because of the minimalist approach adopted by the devotees. Devotees have reduced their own requirements and developed a respect for others' requirements. During the Final Prayer, huge crowds stretch from the Ijtema ground in Tongi into the Dhaka metropolitan area. Schools and offices are declared closed on the occasion. | ||
| ==History== | ==History== | ||
| The Bengali Tabhlighi Jamaat movement started in Dhaka, ] during the 1950s. The first Ijtemas were organized in ] (1954) and ] (1958), followed Ijtemas at the ] in Dhaka in 1960, 1962 and 1965.<ref |
The Bengali Tabhlighi Jamaat movement started in Dhaka, ] during the 1950s. The first Ijtemas were organized in ] (1954) and ] (1958), followed Ijtemas at the ] in Dhaka in 1960, 1962 and 1965.<ref name="banglapedia.org"/> The government of undivided Pakistan allowed the organizers to schedule the event annually by the River Turag in 1967.<ref name="banglapedia.org"/> Later, the government of Bangladesh allotted 160 acres of land for holding the event.<ref name="banglapedia.org"/> | ||
| ==Number of devotees== | ==Number of devotees== | ||
| In 2001, the number of attendees was 2 million.<ref |
In 2001, the number of attendees was 2 million.<ref name="banglapedia.org"/> In 2010, devotees numbered 5 million.<ref name="telegraph.co.uk"/> | ||
| ===Foreign devotees=== | ===Foreign devotees=== | ||
| Estimates of foreign devotees are 20,000-50,000. They come all parts of the world, including other parts of the South Asian ], ] and ], ], ], the ], ] and the ].<ref>http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-bangladesh-religion-ijtema-idUKDHA10181920070202</ref><ref |
Estimates of foreign devotees are 20,000-50,000. They come all parts of the world, including other parts of the South Asian ], ] and ], ], ], the ], ] and the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-bangladesh-religion-ijtema-idUKDHA10181920070202|title=Millions of Muslims gather in Bangladesh|publisher=}}</ref><ref name="banglapedia.org"/> | ||
| ==Overcrowding and weather== | ==Overcrowding and weather== | ||
| Due to increasing overcrowding, the Ijtema was divided into two segments with an interval of seven days from 2010.<ref |
Due to increasing overcrowding, the Ijtema was divided into two segments with an interval of seven days from 2010.<ref name="banglapedia.org"/> The first phase is allowed for devotees from 32 designated Bangladeshi districts. The second phase allows devotees from the remaining districts of the country.<ref name="banglapedia.org"/> Foreign devotees are allowed in both phases. | ||
| In 2008, the event had to be cut short to only one day due to rain and cold weather which left three attendees dead.<ref> |
In 2008, the event had to be cut short to only one day due to rain and cold weather which left three attendees dead.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bangladeshnews.com.bd/2008/01/25/biswa-ijtema-cut-short/|title=Biswa Ijtema cut short<!-- Bot generated title -->|publisher=}}</ref> | ||
| ==Comparison with other Muslim gatherings== | ==Comparison with other Muslim gatherings== | ||
| Unlike the ], the Ijtema is not one of the five pillars of Islam. However, due to its sheer size, the Ijtema has been called Bangladesh's "mini-Hajj".<ref |
Unlike the ], the Ijtema is not one of the five pillars of Islam. However, due to its sheer size, the Ijtema has been called Bangladesh's "mini-Hajj".<ref name="dailymail.co.uk"/> Other major congregations in the Muslim world include ] pilgrimages in ]. | ||
| ==Gallery== | ==Gallery== | ||
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The Bishwa Ijtema (Template:Lang-bn, meaning Global Congregation) is an annual gathering of Muslims in Tongi, by the banks of the River Turag, in the outskirts of Dhaka, Bangladesh. It is the second largest Islamic congregation after the Hajj. It is one of the largest peaceful gatherings in the world. The Ijtema is a prayer meeting spread over three days, during which attending devotees perform daily prayers while listening to scholars reciting and explaining verses from the Quran. It culminates in the Akheri Munajat, or the Final Prayer, in which millions of devotees raise their hands towards Mecca and pray for world peace. The Ijtema is considered a demonstration of Muslim unity, solidarity, mutual love and respect and an opportunity to reiterate their commitment to Islamic values.
The Ijtema is non-political, and therefore it draws people of all persuasion. It is attended by devotees from 150 countries. The majority of its devotees come from across Bangladesh, the world's third largest Muslim majority country. Speakers include Islamic scholars from various countries. The president, prime minister and leader of the opposition of Bangladesh are usually in attendance each year.
Etymology
Ijtema is an Arabic which means public gathering. In Bengali, the event is known as the "Bishwa Ijtema". Bishwa is the Bengali word which means world.
Organization
The event is organized in January by the Bangladeshi chapter of the Tablighi Jamaat. The congregation takes place in an area that spans over five square kilometers in an outer suburb of Dhaka. An extensive tent is created in the area with the help of the Government of Bangladesh. Transport is provided by the state-run companies, including Biman Bangladesh Airlines, the Bangladesh Railway and the Bangladesh Road Transport Corporation (BTRC). The Bangladesh Armed Forces assists by arranging infrastructure. Despite the large number of devotees living within a confined space, generally there are very few problems of sanitation, cooking, and internal movements. It is believed to be possible because of the minimalist approach adopted by the devotees. Devotees have reduced their own requirements and developed a respect for others' requirements. During the Final Prayer, huge crowds stretch from the Ijtema ground in Tongi into the Dhaka metropolitan area. Schools and offices are declared closed on the occasion.
History
The Bengali Tabhlighi Jamaat movement started in Dhaka, East Pakistan during the 1950s. The first Ijtemas were organized in Chittagong (1954) and Narayanganj (1958), followed Ijtemas at the Ramna Race Course in Dhaka in 1960, 1962 and 1965. The government of undivided Pakistan allowed the organizers to schedule the event annually by the River Turag in 1967. Later, the government of Bangladesh allotted 160 acres of land for holding the event.
Number of devotees
In 2001, the number of attendees was 2 million. In 2010, devotees numbered 5 million.
Foreign devotees
Estimates of foreign devotees are 20,000-50,000. They come all parts of the world, including other parts of the South Asian Subcontinent, Russia and Central Asia, Europe, Southeast Asia, the Middle East, North Africa and the United States.
Overcrowding and weather
Due to increasing overcrowding, the Ijtema was divided into two segments with an interval of seven days from 2010. The first phase is allowed for devotees from 32 designated Bangladeshi districts. The second phase allows devotees from the remaining districts of the country. Foreign devotees are allowed in both phases.
In 2008, the event had to be cut short to only one day due to rain and cold weather which left three attendees dead.
Comparison with other Muslim gatherings
Unlike the Hajj, the Ijtema is not one of the five pillars of Islam. However, due to its sheer size, the Ijtema has been called Bangladesh's "mini-Hajj". Other major congregations in the Muslim world include Shia pilgrimages in Karbala.
Gallery
-
Devotees in the Dhaka metropolitan area
-
Devotees at a Dhaka railway station
-
Devotees on the Bangladesh Railway
See also
References
- ^ "What is the festival of Bishwa Ijtema and where is it held?".
- ^ "Muslims attend Bangladesh prayer". 5 December 2004 – via bbc.co.uk.
- ^ "Muslims condemn Paris massacre at Bangladesh's mini-Hajj".
- "Bangladesh Muslim festival ends". 8 January 2001 – via bbc.co.uk.
- "Akheri Munajat ends seeking world peace". 10 January 2016.
- ^ "Viswa Ijtema - Banglapedia".
- "Lakhs join Ijtema's final prayer". 13 January 2013.
- "Millions of Muslims gather in Bangladesh".
- "Biswa Ijtema cut short".