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	== Changes in Local Government System ==		== Changes in Local Government System ==
	{{unreferencedsection\|date=October 2016}}
	=== Karachi City Municipal Act (1933 - 1976) ===		=== Karachi City Municipal Act (1933 - 1976) ===
	The City of Karachi Municipal Act was promulgated in 1933. Initially the Municipal Corporation comprised the mayor, the deputy mayor and 57 ~~Councillors~~.		The City of Karachi Municipal Act was promulgated in 1933. Initially the Municipal Corporation comprised the mayor, the deputy mayor and 57 councillors.

	=== Sind People's Ordinance (SPO 1972) ===		=== Sind People's Ordinance (SPO 1972) ===
	In Sind People's Ordinance of 1972 (amended in 1976), provision was made for the establishment of the Karachi Metropolitan Corporation (KMC). In 1976, ] was upgraded to ]. The administrative area of Karachi was a second-level subdivision known as Karachi Division, which was subdivided into five districts: Karachi Central, Karachi East, Karachi South, Karachi West and Malir.		In Sind People's Ordinance of 1972 (amended in 1976), provision was made for the establishment of the Karachi Metropolitan Corporation (KMC).<ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com.my/books?id=5gGzAAAAIAAJ&q=kmc+karachi+election&dq=kmc+karachi+election&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjAxNf7lqDPAhVBLo8KHZO7D_M4HhDoAQgjMAI\|title=Metropolitan management: the Asian experience\|last=Sivaramakrishnan\|first=K. C.\|last2=Green\|first2=Leslie\|last3=D.C.)\|first3=Economic Development Institute (Washington\|date=1986-12-04\|publisher=Published for the Economic Development Institute of the World Bank Oxford University Press\|isbn=9780195205084\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://sindhlaws.gov.pk/setup/publications_SindhCode/PUB-15-000207.pdf\|title=Sindh People's Local Government Ordinance (SPO) 1972\|last=\|first=\|date=\|website=\|publisher=\|access-date=}}</ref> In 1976, ] was upgraded to ]. The administrative area of Karachi was a second-level subdivision known as Karachi Division, which was subdivided into five districts: Karachi Central, Karachi East, Karachi South, Karachi West and Malir.

	On the Contrary to its latest and amended version in the form of ''''Sindh Local Government Act 2013''', the 1972 Ordinance provided ample authorities and powers to the Mayor of the Karachi Metropolitan Corporation including Master planning, building control, town planning, development etc.		On the Contrary to its latest and amended version in the form of ''''Sindh Local Government Act 2013'''<nowiki/>', the 1972 Ordinance provided ample authorities and powers to the Mayor of the Karachi Metropolitan Corporation including Master planning, building control, town planning, development etc.

	non party based elections were held for a brief period of ten years(1979-1988). In 1992 after culmination of mayoral tenure of ], the elected mayor system was abolished and the appointed Administrator System was implemented during 1992 - 2001.		non party based elections were held for a brief period of ten years(1979-1988). In 1992 after culmination of mayoral tenure of ], the elected mayor system was abolished and the appointed Administrator System was implemented during 1992 - 2001.

	=== Sindh Local Government Ordinance 1979 ===		=== Sindh Local Government Ordinance 1979 ===
	This act was passed by Army dictator ] which restricted role of mayor		This act was passed by Army dictator ] which restricted role of mayor<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.pk.undp.org/content/dam/pakistan/docs/Democratic%20Governance/Federalism/International%20Conference%20Sept13/presentations/Day2/4th%20ppt%20Representitive%20LG%20Sindh%20pdf.pdf\|title=UNDP report on SLGA 2013\|last=\|first=\|date=\|website=\|publisher=\|access-date=}}</ref>

	=== Sindh Local Government Ordinance (SLGO 2001) ===		=== Sindh Local Government Ordinance (SLGO 2001) ===
	]~~In January 2000, under Pervez Musharraf Sindh Local Government Ordinance (SLGO 2001) was passed~~		]

			In January 2000, under Pervez Musharraf Sindh Local Government Ordinance (SLGO 2001)<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.sindh.gov.pk/dpt/services/RULES/SLGO%202001%20_February03_.pdf\|title=Sindh Local Government Ordinance 2001(SLGO 2001) - Government of Sindh\|last=\|first=\|date=\|website=\|publisher=\|access-date=}}</ref> was passed

	The government of Pakistan designed a new devolution of financial resources and responsibilities. This plan abolished the earlier second-level division and merged the five districts of Karachi into a Karachi District. When the devolution plan was implemented in 2001, this district officially became a City District, with the City District Government of Karachi handling its government.		The government of Pakistan designed a new devolution of financial resources and responsibilities. This plan abolished the earlier second-level division and merged the five districts of Karachi into a Karachi District. When the devolution plan was implemented in 2001, this district officially became a City District, with the City District Government of Karachi handling its government.
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	Under CDG Karachi had a three-tier federated system, formed by		Under CDG Karachi had a three-tier federated system, formed by

	The City District Government (CDG) Town Municipal Administrations Union Council Administrations		The City District Government (CDG)
			Town Municipal Administrations
			Union Council Administrations

	The City-District of Karachi was divided into ] governed by elected municipal administrations responsible for infrastructure and spatial planning, development facilitation, and municipal services (water, sanitation, solid waste, repairing roads, parks, street lights, and traffic engineering), with some functions being retained by the CDG.		The City-District of Karachi was divided into ] governed by elected municipal administrations responsible for infrastructure and spatial planning, development facilitation, and municipal services (water, sanitation, solid waste, repairing roads, parks, street lights, and traffic engineering), with some functions being retained by the CDG.

	The towns were sub-divided into 178 localities governed by elected union councils (UC's), which were the core element of the local government system. Each UC was a body of thirteen directly elected members including a Nazim (mayor) and a Naib Nazim (deputy mayor). The UC Nazim headed the union administration and was responsible for facilitating the CDG to plan and execute municipal services, as well as for informing higher authorities about public concerns and complaints.		The towns were sub-divided into 178 localities governed by elected union councils (UC's), which were the core element of the local government system. Each UC was a body of thirteen directly elected members including a Nazim (mayor) and a Naib Nazim (deputy mayor). The UC Nazim headed the union administration and was responsible for facilitating the CDG to plan and execute municipal services, as well as for informing higher authorities about public concerns and complaints.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://defence.pk/threads/breif-history-of-karachi.7499/\|title=Breif History of Karachi!!\|access-date=2016-09-14}}</ref>

	=== SIndh People's Local Government Ordinance (SPLGO 2012) ===		=== SIndh People's Local Government Ordinance (SPLGO 2012) ===
	Local Government Ordinance passed by Sindh assembly proposed creation of five metropolitan corporations Karachi, Hyderabad, Sukkur, Larkana and Mirpurkhas. It divided Karachi into Five districts. The Ordinance was promising and provided good powers and authorities to the Mayors, but it was was shortly discarded by Sindh Assembly of Feb21, 2013.		Local Government Ordinance passed by Sindh assembly proposed creation of five metropolitan corporations Karachi, Hyderabad, Sukkur, Larkana and Mirpurkhas.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/92236/107305/F-603842675/PAK92236.pdf\|title=Sindh People's Local Government Ordinance 2012\|last=\|first=\|date=\|website=\|publisher=\|access-date=}}</ref> It divided Karachi into Five districts. The Ordinance was promising and provided good powers and authorities to the Mayors, but it was was shortly discarded by Sindh Assembly of Feb21, 2013.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/84752-sindh-assembly-restores-local-government-act-of-1979\|title=Sindh Assembly restores Local Government Act of 1979\|website=www.geo.tv\|access-date=2016-09-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/787908/khoro-signs-slgo-1979-into-law\|title=Khuhro signs Sindh Local Govt Ordinance 1979\|last=Dawn.com\|date=2013-02-22\|access-date=2016-09-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/787653/commisionerate-system-restored-in-sindh-mqm-stages-pa-walkout\|title=Commissionerate system restored in Sindh; MQM stages PA walkout\|last=Dawn.com\|date=2013-02-21\|access-date=2016-09-21}}</ref>

			=== Sindh Local Government Act (SPLGA 2013) ===
			The Sindh Local Government Act 2013 (SLGA 2013)<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.sindh.gov.pk/dpt/Local%20Government/THE%20DRAFT%20SINDH%20LOCAL%20GOVERNMENT%20ACT%202013.pdf\|title=Sindh Local Government Act (SLGA) 2013 - Government of Sindh\|last=\|first=\|date=\|website=\|publisher=\|access-date=}}</ref> further carved the city into 6 districts. two new districts of Korangi and Malir were formed. The Sindh Local Government Act also proposed the formation of 7th district called 'district counsel' which comprises the rural areas of Karachi and doesn't come under Karachi Metropolitan Corporation. The important Local Bodies and revenue generating machines for Karachi Metropolitan Corporation (KMC) like KW&SB (Water Board), KDA, KBCA (Karachi Building Control Authority, Solid Waste Management etc were removed from KMC and merged with the Sindh province.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1225311\|title=Sindh govt takes away key municipal function from local bodies\|last=Azfar-ul-Ashfaque\|date=2015-12-10\|access-date=2016-09-18}}</ref> The powers of mayor under new act were greatly reduced compared with the one passed in 2001 and 2012.

			In 2014, Supreme court ordered the provinces to restore Local Government system and following the court's decision, Government of Sindh finally agreed to conduct Local Government elections on December 15, 2015.

	== See also ==		== See also ==

Revision as of 10:04, 5 October 2016

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The Government of Karachi is the body which runs the city of Karachi. Presently the Government of Karachi refers to the Karachi Local Government system comprising mainly of Karachi Metropolitan Corporation which is headed by a Mayor and a Deputy Mayor.

City District Government (CDGK) 2001-2010

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President Musharraf in 2001 enacted a new system of Local Governance in Pakistan in the form of Local Government Ordinance (LGO 2001) which provided grounds for the making of a very powerful Government of Karachi system. The mayor of Karachi was empowered to take many decisions for the city management and had financial independence. After the 2008 when new government took over, it abolished the Local Government Ordinance and abolished the Government of Karachi on 14 February 2010.

Office of the Mayor

Since Karachi Development Authority (KDA) was directly placed under the supervision of Mayor of Karachi, the Mayor's office was situated in Civic Center, Karachi

Power of the Mayor

Under LGO 2001, the powers of the Mayor of Karachi included Master planing, KW&SB, KBCA, KDA, the funds were directly accessable by the mayor, Karachi revenue Department, Karachi Land registry. The powers of the Mayor didn't include Law Enforcement etc, and the Mayor still had to get fundings from the president of Pakistan.

Karachi Metropolitan Corporation (KMC) 2013

After the gap of six years, the Government of Karachi has been finally restored by the Supreme Court of Pakistan orders which made provinces conduct new local government elections and as a result, Karachi Government has been formed on 30 August 2016.

Karachi Local Government System

The current Karachi Local Government Sysstem follows Sindh Local Government Act 2013 (SLGA 2013)

The Karachi Local Government consists of Karachi Metropolitan Corporation which is subdivided into of 6 District Municipal Corporations (DMCs) which are headed by Chairmen and Deputy Chairmen. the districts or Zila of Karachi Local Government as of Sindh local government act 2013 are District Central, District West, District East, District South, Malir and Korangi.Each district is further divided into Union Committees (UCs) which are headed by Chairmen and vice chairmen. Each Union committee is further sub divided into four wards. The Local government elections directly elect the UC chairmen/vice chairmen panel and the 4 ward members of each UC. the seats are reserved for women, non muslim minorities, youth members and labours in a Union Committee all of which are indirectly elected by the direct election of chairman/vice chairman panel.

The chairman of a Union committee belongs to the City council/KMC and elects the Mayor/deputy mayor candidate, while the Vice Chairman of Union Committee elects the chairman/Vice chairman of District Municipal corporation (DMC) and works in District municipal corporation office.

Elections

The elections for the Karachi Government were held on 5 December 2015.

Office of the Mayor

According to the new local government system (SLGA 2013) the KDA has been removed from KMC and brought under the provincial government. Since then the office of the mayor is located in KMC building.

Power of the Mayor

According to the new SLGA 2013, the powers of the mayor have been greatly reduced and Mayor is virtually made powerless. KDA, KW&SB, KBCA (renamed to SBCA), Karachi revenue, Karachi land registry, KMTA, transportation (now SMTA), KSWMA (now SSWMA) have been taken away from KMC and merged with KDA. KDA itself has been divided into Malir and Lyari Development Authority. The Mayor now has to ask Sindh Government for the funds, and has to form a joint account with the commissioner of Karachi without whose signature, the funds can't be utilised. The Commissioner of Karachi has parallel role in ruling Government of Karachi as opposed to CDGK, where the role of commissioner was made honorary.

The independent observer organisations like PILDAT, FAFEN argue that not granting adequate powers to the mayors is the direct violation of Article 140(A) of the Pakistani Constitution.

The City Hall

The historic and iconic building of Karachi Metropolitan Corporation (KMC) houses the offices of mayor and deputy mayor of the city and the city council Hall with 304 members (Union committee chairmen). The foundation of the building was laid in 1927 and the construction was completed on 1930. the cost of building was 1,725,000 RS.

City Counsel Meeting

The City Counsel is situated in the KMC building.

After six years The Karachi city counsel held its first meeting on Monday, 3 October 2016, the meeting was presided by the Deputy Mayor of Karachi Arshad Vohra as the emprisoned Mayor of Karachi Waseem Akhtar was disallowed by Sindh Government to appear for the meeting from central jail despite ATC issuing NOC (No Objection Certificate). The 308 members of the Karachi City Council participated in the meeting. The Counsel in its first meeting urged the relevant authorities to allow the Mayor to preside the next meetings based on under trial prisoner (UTP)

Due to increased number of members and unavailability of space, City counsel passed resolution for new city counsel building to accomodate required members. on 3 October 2016

Changes in Local Government System

Karachi City Municipal Act (1933 - 1976)

The City of Karachi Municipal Act was promulgated in 1933. Initially the Municipal Corporation comprised the mayor, the deputy mayor and 57 councillors.

Sind People's Ordinance (SPO 1972)

In Sind People's Ordinance of 1972 (amended in 1976), provision was made for the establishment of the Karachi Metropolitan Corporation (KMC). In 1976, Karachi Municipal Corporation was upgraded to Karachi Metropolitan Corporation. The administrative area of Karachi was a second-level subdivision known as Karachi Division, which was subdivided into five districts: Karachi Central, Karachi East, Karachi South, Karachi West and Malir.

On the Contrary to its latest and amended version in the form of 'Sindh Local Government Act 2013', the 1972 Ordinance provided ample authorities and powers to the Mayor of the Karachi Metropolitan Corporation including Master planning, building control, town planning, development etc.

non party based elections were held for a brief period of ten years(1979-1988). In 1992 after culmination of mayoral tenure of Farooq Sattar, the elected mayor system was abolished and the appointed Administrator System was implemented during 1992 - 2001.

Sindh Local Government Ordinance 1979

This act was passed by Army dictator General Zia ul Haq which restricted role of mayor

Sindh Local Government Ordinance (SLGO 2001)

In January 2000, under Pervez Musharraf Sindh Local Government Ordinance (SLGO 2001) was passed

The government of Pakistan designed a new devolution of financial resources and responsibilities. This plan abolished the earlier second-level division and merged the five districts of Karachi into a Karachi District. When the devolution plan was implemented in 2001, this district officially became a City District, with the City District Government of Karachi handling its government.

Under CDG Karachi had a three-tier federated system, formed by

The City District Government (CDG) Town Municipal Administrations Union Council Administrations

The City-District of Karachi was divided into 18 Towns governed by elected municipal administrations responsible for infrastructure and spatial planning, development facilitation, and municipal services (water, sanitation, solid waste, repairing roads, parks, street lights, and traffic engineering), with some functions being retained by the CDG.

The towns were sub-divided into 178 localities governed by elected union councils (UC's), which were the core element of the local government system. Each UC was a body of thirteen directly elected members including a Nazim (mayor) and a Naib Nazim (deputy mayor). The UC Nazim headed the union administration and was responsible for facilitating the CDG to plan and execute municipal services, as well as for informing higher authorities about public concerns and complaints.

SIndh People's Local Government Ordinance (SPLGO 2012)

Local Government Ordinance passed by Sindh assembly proposed creation of five metropolitan corporations Karachi, Hyderabad, Sukkur, Larkana and Mirpurkhas. It divided Karachi into Five districts. The Ordinance was promising and provided good powers and authorities to the Mayors, but it was was shortly discarded by Sindh Assembly of Feb21, 2013.

Sindh Local Government Act (SPLGA 2013)

The Sindh Local Government Act 2013 (SLGA 2013) further carved the city into 6 districts. two new districts of Korangi and Malir were formed. The Sindh Local Government Act also proposed the formation of 7th district called 'district counsel' which comprises the rural areas of Karachi and doesn't come under Karachi Metropolitan Corporation. The important Local Bodies and revenue generating machines for Karachi Metropolitan Corporation (KMC) like KW&SB (Water Board), KDA, KBCA (Karachi Building Control Authority, Solid Waste Management etc were removed from KMC and merged with the Sindh province. The powers of mayor under new act were greatly reduced compared with the one passed in 2001 and 2012.

In 2014, Supreme court ordered the provinces to restore Local Government system and following the court's decision, Government of Sindh finally agreed to conduct Local Government elections on December 15, 2015.

References

"'Mayor not a convict, should be allowed to attend sessions'". www.thenews.com.pk. Retrieved 2016-10-04.
Recorder, Business. "KMC Council for allowing Waseem to attend session | Business Recorder". Business Recorder. Retrieved 2016-10-04. {{cite web}}: |first= has generic name (help)
Sivaramakrishnan, K. C.; Green, Leslie; D.C.), Economic Development Institute (Washington (1986-12-04). Metropolitan management: the Asian experience. Published for the Economic Development Institute of the World Bank Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195205084.
"Sindh People's Local Government Ordinance (SPO) 1972" (PDF).
"UNDP report on SLGA 2013" (PDF).
"Sindh Local Government Ordinance 2001(SLGO 2001) - Government of Sindh" (PDF).
"Breif History of Karachi!!". Retrieved 2016-09-14.
"Sindh People's Local Government Ordinance 2012" (PDF).
"Sindh Assembly restores Local Government Act of 1979". www.geo.tv. Retrieved 2016-09-21.
Dawn.com (2013-02-22). "Khuhro signs Sindh Local Govt Ordinance 1979". Retrieved 2016-09-21.
Dawn.com (2013-02-21). "Commissionerate system restored in Sindh; MQM stages PA walkout". Retrieved 2016-09-21.
"Sindh Local Government Act (SLGA) 2013 - Government of Sindh" (PDF).
Azfar-ul-Ashfaque (2015-12-10). "Sindh govt takes away key municipal function from local bodies". Retrieved 2016-09-18.

v t e Karachi
History	Raja Dahir Debal Muhammad bin Qasim Delhi Sultanate British Raj 1857 War of Independence Pakistan Movement Muhammad Ali Jinnah Federal Capital Territory Timeline of Karachi
Geography and Climate	Baba and Bhit Islands Bundal Island Cape Monze Clifton Beach Clifton Oyster Rocks French Beach Hawke's Bay Beach Lyari River Malir River Manora Paradise Point Sandspit Beach
Localities	Bahria Town Karachi Baldia Town Bin Qasim Town Cantonments Clifton Defence Housing Authority Gadap Town Gulberg Town, Karachi Gulshan Town Jamshed Town Keamari District Korangi Town Landhi Town Liaquatabad Town Lyari Town Malir Town New Karachi Town North Nazimabad Town Orangi Town Saddar Town Shah Faisal Town SITE Town
Government and Politics	Mayor Elections Union Councils City District Government Karachi Karachi Civic Center Karachi Development Authority Karachi Conservancy Board Karachi Municipal Commission Karachi Municipal Committee Karachi Metropolitan Corporation Karachi Water and Sewerage Board K-Electric
Attractions	Karachi Expo Center Karachi Safari Park Karachi Zoo Tourist attractions
Education	Schools Colleges Medical schools Universities
Hospitals	Hospitals
Economy	I. I. Chundrigar Road Karachi Chamber of Commerce & Industry Karachi Cotton Exchange Karachi Nuclear Power Complex Karachi Shipyard & Engineering Works Karachi Stock Exchange Pakistan Mercantile Exchange Port of Karachi Port Qasim
Transport	Buses Jinnah International Airport Karachi Breeze Karachi Cantonment railway station Karachi Circular Railway Karachi City railway station Karachi Port Trust Halt railway station Lyari Expressway Malir Expressway Mohammad Ali Jinnah Road
Hotels and shopping centers	Avari Hotels Bohri Bazaar Dolmen Malls Empress Market Lucky One Mall Meena Bazaar Zainab Market
Sports and culture	Chaand Raat Cultural heritage sites Dabbawala Cricket men's / women's Karachi Blues Karachi Dolphins Karachi Kings Karachi Zebras Football Karachi United Karachi United WFC Karachi Fashion Week Kara Film Festival Karachi Literature Festival Karachi Marathon Karachi Boat Club Karachi Golf Club Karachi Race Club Karachi Yacht Club Arts National Academy of Performing Arts Karachi Arts Council Sports venues
Other topics	Air pollution Cuisine Demographics Developments Environment Ethnic groups Flora and fauna Karachi Press Club Military installations Orangi Pilot Project Religion
Lists	People from Karachi Cemeteries Mayors Non-governmental organisations Parks and gardens Streets Tallest buildings Watering troughs

Categories:

Revision as of 10:04, 5 October 2016

City District Government (CDGK) 2001-2010

Office of the Mayor

Power of the Mayor

Karachi Metropolitan Corporation (KMC) 2013

Karachi Local Government System

Elections

Office of the Mayor

Power of the Mayor

The City Hall

City Counsel Meeting

Changes in Local Government System

Karachi City Municipal Act (1933 - 1976)

Sind People's Ordinance (SPO 1972)

Sindh Local Government Ordinance 1979

Sindh Local Government Ordinance (SLGO 2001)

SIndh People's Local Government Ordinance (SPLGO 2012)

Sindh Local Government Act (SPLGA 2013)

See also

References