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The club did not see success again until the 1990s and early 2000s when ] guided it to eight league championships in eleven years, most recently in the ]-] season. In 1999, Manchester United became the only team to win the ], ] and the ] in the same season. The club had been run as a ] since 1991, and an attempted takeover by ] had been blocked by the ] in ], but in 2005 ] completed a hostile ] of the club which plunged the club into massive debt as his bid was heavily funded by borrowing on the assets owned already by Manchester United. The club did not see success again until the 1990s and early 2000s when ] guided it to eight league championships in eleven years, most recently in the ]-] season. In 1999, Manchester United became the only team to win the ], ] and the ] in the same season. The club had been run as a ] since 1991, and an attempted takeover by ] had been blocked by the ] in ], but in 2005 ] completed a hostile ] of the club which plunged the club into massive debt as his bid was heavily funded by borrowing on the assets owned already by Manchester United.


==History==


===Early years (1878-1945)===
{{main|Manchester United pre-1945}}

===The Busby years (1945-1969)===
{{main|Manchester United 1945-1969}}
] was appointed manager in 1942 and took a then-unheard of approach to his job, joining the players for training as well as performing administrative tasks. He was immediately successful, with the club finishing second in the league in 1947 and winning the ] in 1948.

He adopted a policy of bringing in players from the youth team whenever possible, and the team won the league in 1956 with an average age of only 22. This youth policy has now become instrumental in the club's success. The following season, they won the league again and reached the FA Cup final, losing to {{fc|Aston Villa}}. They also became the first English team to compete in the ], and reached the semi-final.

Tragedy struck the following season, when the plane carrying the team home from a European Cup match crashed on take-off at a refueling stop in ]. The ] of ] ] claimed the lives of eight players and another fifteen passengers. There was talk of the club folding but, with ] taking over as manager while ] recovered from his injuries, the club continued playing with a makeshift side. Despite this, they reached the FA Cup final again, where they lost to {{fc|Bolton Wanderers}}. <!--reference this please-->

Busby rebuilt the team throughout the early 1960s, signing players such as ] and ]. The team won the FA Cup in 1963, then won the league in 1965 and 1967 and the European Cup in 1968, the first English Club to do so. This team was notable for containing three ]: ], ] and ]. Busby resigned as manager in 1969 and was replaced by the reserve-team coach and former United player ].
<!--This section is just a summary of the main article, to keep the overall article length of the article manageable and to prevent it becoming a duplicate of the main article, as can lead to problems such as people having to make their edits twice, the articles contradicting each other and so on. Edit this as you see fit, but please don't make it much longer. If you want to write something long about the subject, please put it in the main article. Thanks, Cantthinkofagoodname, ] ]-->

===1969-1986===
{{main|Manchester United 1969-1986}}
]
United struggled to replace Busby, and the team struggled under ] and ] before ] became manager at the end of 1972. Docherty, or 'the Doc', saved United from relegation that season but United were relegated in 1974. The team won promotion at the first attempt and reached the FA Cup final in 1976, but were beaten by Southampton. They reached the final again in 1977, beating {{fc|Liverpool}}. In spite of this success, and his popularity with the supporters, Docherty was sacked soon after the final when he was found to have had an affair with the physiotherapist's wife.

] replaced Docherty as manager in the summer of 1977, and made the team play in a more defensive formation. This style was unpopular with supporters, who were used to the attacking football preferred by Docherty and Busby, and after failing to win a trophy Sexton was sacked in 1981, despite winning his last seven games in charge.

He was replaced by the flamboyant ] who immediately broke the British record transfer fee to sign ] from ]. Atkinson's team featured new signings such as ] and ] playing alongside the former youth-team players ] and ]. United won the FA Cup in 1983 and 1985 and were overwhelming favourites to win the league in the 1985-86 season after winning their first ten league games, opening a ten-point gap over their rivals as early as October. The team's form collapsed, however, and United finished the season in fourth place. The poor form continued into the following season, and with United on the edge of the First Division's relegation zone, Atkinson was sacked.
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=== Alex Ferguson era, pre-Treble (1986-1998)===
{{main|Manchester United 1986-1998}}
] arrived from {{fc|Aberdeen}} to replace Atkinson and guided the club to an 11th place finish. The following season (]-]), United finished second, with ] becoming the first United player since George Best to score twenty league goals in a season.

<!-- Unsourced image removed: ] playing for Manchester United]] -->
However, United struggled throughout the next two seasons, with many of Ferguson's signings not reaching the expectations of the fans. There was hope that Ferguson would be sacked at the beginning of 1990 <!--This really needs a source. I'll find one. CTOAGN-->but a win in the third round of the FA Cup over {{fc|Nottingham Forest}} kept the season alive and United went on to win the competition, beating {{fc|Crystal Palace}} in a replay in the final.

United won the ] in ]/], beating that season's Spanish champions ] in the final, but the following season was a disappointment for United as a late season slump saw them miss out on the league to rivals ]. Meanwhile in 1991 the club had floated on the ] with a valuation of £18 million, thus bringing its finances into the public eye as never before.

The arrival of ] in November 1992 provided the crucial spark for United, and blending with the best of trusted talent in ], ] and ], as well as budding stars like ], they finished the ]/] season as Champions for the first time since 1967. They won ] (the league and the FA Cup) for the first time the following season, aided by the capture of Roy Keane, a determined midfielder from Nottingham Forest, who would go on to become the team captain. In the same year however, the club was plunged into mourning following the death of legendary manager and club president ], who died on ] ].

In ]/], Cantona received an eight month suspension for jumping into the crowd and assaulting {{fc|Crystal Palace}} supporter Matthew Simmons for racial abuse, in United's game at ]. Drawing their last league match and losing to {{fc|Everton}} in the FA Cup final left United as runners-up in both the league and FA Cup. Ferguson then outraged the supporters by selling key players and replacing them with players from the club's ], including ], ], ] and ]. The new players, several of whom quickly became regular internationals for England, did surprisingly well and United won the double again in ]-]. This was the first time any English club had won the double twice.

United's European unbeaten home record was broken by ] when they won 1-0 on ] ] with a deflected ] goal.

They won the league in 1997, and Eric Cantona announced his retirement from football at the age of 30. They started the following season (]/]) well, but they finished the season in second place, behind the double-winning champions {{fc|Arsenal}}.

===The Treble (1998-99)===
{{main|Manchester United 1998-1999}}
]-] was when Manchester United had the most successful season in English club football history as they became the first and only English team to win The Treble - winning the ], ] and ] in the same season. After a very tense Premier League season, Manchester United won the title on the final day beating {{fc|Tottenham Hotspur}} 2-1, whilst {{fc|Arsenal}} won 1-0 against {{fc|Aston Villa}}. Winning the Premiership was the first part of the Treble in place, the one part that manager ] described as the hardest. In the ] Final United faced {{fc|Newcastle United}} and won 2-0 with goals from ] and ]. In the final match of that season, the ] they defeated ] in what was then considered the greatest comeback ever witnessed. After going down to an early goal from a ] free kick, United chased the game for 85 minutes. After 90 minutes they forced a corner, from which late substitute ] scored. Not giving up, Man Utd went for a second and it came again from a corner, ], another late substitute, poking it into the roof of the net. Ferguson was subsequently knighted for his services to football.

===After the treble (1999-present)===
{{main|Manchester United 1999-present}}
United won the league in 2000 and 2001 but the press saw these seasons as failures as they failed to regain the European Cup. Ferguson adopted more defensive tactics to make United harder to beat in Europe but it was not a success and United finished the season in third place in 2002. They regained the league the following season (]-]) and started the following season well, but their form dropped significantly when ] received a controversial eight month suspension for missing a ]. They did win the 2004 ], however, knocking out Arsenal (that season's eventual champions) on their way to the final in which they beat {{fc|Millwall}}.

The ]-] season was characterised by a failure to score goals, mainly due to the injury of striker ] and United finished the season trophyless and in third place in the league. This time, even the "consolation prize" of the FA Cup eluded them as Arsenal beat United on penalties after a goalless match. Off the pitch, the main story was the possibility of the club being taken over and at the end of the season, ] businessman ], (who also owns the ] team ]), acquired a controlling interest in the club. United made a poor start to the ]-] season, with midfielder ] leaving the club to join Celtic after publicly criticising several of his teammates, and the club failed to qualify for the knock-out phase of the UEFA Champions League for the first time in over a decade after losing to ] team ]. Their season was also dealt cruel blows with injuries to key players such as ], ], ] and ]. However, they were prevented from being left empty handed in successive seasons - a disappointment not endured in the last 17 years - by winning the 2006 ] beating newly promoted {{fc|Wigan Athletic}} in the final 4-0. United also ensured a second-place finish and automatic ] qualification on the final day of the season by defeating {{fc|Charlton Athletic}} 4-0.

===The Malcolm Glazer takeover===
{{main|Malcolm Glazer takeover of Manchester United}}
On ] ], businessman ] acquired a controlling interest in the club through his investment vehicle Red Football Ltd. in a takeover valuing it at approximately ]800 ] (]1.47 ]). On ], he increased his share to the 75% necessary to delist the club from the ], making it private again, and announced his intention to do so within 20 days. On 8 June he appointed his sons ], ], and ] to the PLC board of Manchester United as a non-executive directors. It was for a while expected that Joel would be installed as the new Chairman, however that never happened. At the same time ] resigned his position as Chairman of the PLC board, along with non-executive directors Jim O'Neill and Ian Much. Malcolm Glazer also re-appointed Andy Anson as Commercial Director after voting him off the Board at the previous AGM. He also retained Chief Executive David Gill and Finance Director Nick Humby in their current positions in spite of their pre-takeover descriptions of the Glazer's business plan as being "aggressive and unworkable".

In ] the club announced a refinancing package. Previously the debt taken on by the Glazers to financing the club was split between the club and the family, but now it will all be in the club. The total amount will be £660 million, on which interest payments will be £62 million a year. This is a 30% reduction in interest charges. The club stated, "The value of Manchester United has increased in the last year, which is why lenders want to invest in the club.... 'This move represents good housekeeping and it ensures that Sir Alex Ferguson will be provided with sufficient funds to compete in the transfer market." The ] responded, "'The amount of money needed to be repaid overall is huge.... 'The interest payment is one thing but what about the actual £660million? It is difficult to see how these sums can be reached without significant increases in ticket prices, which, as we always suspected, means the fans will effectively be paying for someone to borrow money to own their club."<ref>, ''soccernet.com'', ] ].</ref>
<!-- Manchester United doesn't have a PLC board - it can't do - it isn't a PLC! Red Football Limited is the company which wholly owns Manchester United Limited. The Glazer brothers are non exec directors of Red Football. Gill, Humby and Anson are executive directors of MU Limited. Not sure how to explain that simply in the article. -- Manchester United Football Club are now a private company; however, they still have a PLC board as well as a Football board. --No they don't - they have a Ltd. Company board of directors. Request that this is changed. -->

===Club Crest and Colours===
During its Newton Heath days the club's home jerseys were yellow and green, this strip was infact revived as an away kit in the early '90s as a tribute to the past.
Manchester United's most recognized home strip is red jerseys, white shorts and black socks.
Away strips are usually white jerseys with black shorts and white socks.
Third kits are usually all blue but the club has also used all black and on one occasion in the mid '90s used all grey.

The Manchester United crest has been altered on a few occasions however its basis remains the same. The badge is derived from the crest of the city of ]. The devil on the club badge stems from the club's nickname "The Red Devils", which was adopted in the early 60s after ] heard it in reference to the red-shirted ] rugby league side. By the end of the '60s, the devil had started to be included on club programmes and scarves, before it was finally incorporated into the club badge in 1970, holding its unmistakeable pitchfork. In 1998, the badge was once again redesigned, this time removing the words "Football Club". To many fans, this was seen as an act of moving the club away from the footballing side and becoming more of a business, and was met with great anger by many fans.



===Sponsorship===
On ] ] ] ended their £36 million, four year shirt sponsorship deal with Manchester United. On ] ], chief executive ] announced ] as the new shirt<ref>{{cite web | title=Manchester United AIG shirt| url=http://www.football-shirts.co.uk/newmanutdshirt.html| accessdate=May 27 | accessyear=2006 }}</ref> sponsors of Manchester United in a British record shirt sponsorship deal of £56.5 million to be paid over four years (£14.1 million a year). Manchester United will have the largest sponsorship in the world ahead of Italian side {{fc|Juventus}}, who have a £12.8 million a year sponsorship with ]<ref>{{cite web | title=Scotsman.com £56m shirt sponsorship deal a boost for United| url=http://sport.scotsman.com/football.cfm?id=533472006 | accessdate=April 7|accessyear=2006 }}</ref>. The four-year agreement has been heralded as largest sponsorship deal in British history, eclipsing {{fc|Chelsea}}'s deal with ], but may amount to little more than a loan reduction in view of AIG's interest in the hedge funds that lent the Glazers part of the $1 billion they borrowed to buy the club.{{citation-needed}}


==Support== ==Support==

Revision as of 13:46, 11 September 2006

Football club
Manchester United
Manchester United's emblem
Full nameManchester United FC
Nickname(s)The Red Devils/The Reds/United
Founded1878, as Newton Heath LYR FC
GroundOld Trafford
Stretford
Greater Manchester
Capacity76,300
ChairmanEngland David Gill (Chief Executive)
ManagerScotland Sir Alex Ferguson
LeagueFA Premier League
2005-06FA Premier League, 2nd
Home colours Away colours

Manchester United Football Club is a world famous English football club. They are based at Old Trafford Football Ground, Trafford, Greater Manchester and the club is one of the most successful football clubs in English football history, having won the FA Premier League/Football League 15 times, FA Cup 11 times, the League Cup twice, the European Cup twice, the UEFA Cup Winners Cup once, the Intercontinental Cup once, and the European Super Cup once. The club has had the highest average attendance in English football for the past 34 seasons, with the exception of 1987-89 during redevelopment at Old Trafford. The 'Red Devils' are considered to be the best supported football club in the world.

The club was formed as Newton Heath FC in 1878 as the works team of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway depot at Newton Heath. After nearing bankruptcy in 1902, the club was taken over by J H Davies who changed its name to Manchester United. The Old Trafford Football Ground was bombed during the Second World War, leading the club to seek charity from their then-illustrious neighbours Manchester City, who allowed them to play their games at Maine Road for a period. United appointed Sir Matt Busby as manager after the Second World War, and his then-unheard-of policy of producing most of the players through the club's youth team brought great success, with the club winning the Football League in 1956 and 1957. This success was halted by the Munich air disaster of 1958, in which eight of the club's players died. It was thought that the club might fold, but instead went on to win the football league in 1965 and 1967, and the European Cup in 1968.

The club did not see success again until the 1990s and early 2000s when Sir Alex Ferguson guided it to eight league championships in eleven years, most recently in the 2002-03 season. In 1999, Manchester United became the only team to win the UEFA Champions League, FA Premier League and the FA Cup in the same season. The club had been run as a Public Limited Company since 1991, and an attempted takeover by Rupert Murdoch had been blocked by the British Government in 1998, but in 2005 Malcolm Glazer completed a hostile takeover of the club which plunged the club into massive debt as his bid was heavily funded by borrowing on the assets owned already by Manchester United.


Support

Before the Second World War, few English football supporters travelled to away games because of the time and cost. As City and United played home matches on alternate Saturdays, many Mancunians would watch United one week and City the next. After the war, a stronger rivalry developed and it became more common for a supporter to choose one team to follow exclusively.

When United won the league in 1956, they had the highest average home attendance in the league, a record that had been held by Newcastle United for the previous few years. Following the Munich air disaster in 1958, more people began to support United and many started to go to matches. This swelled United’s support and is one reason why United have had the highest league attendances in English football for almost every season since then, even as a second division side in 1974-75.

A 2002 report, Do You Come From Manchester? showed that a higher proportion of Manchester City season ticket holders live in the Manchester postal districts, whilst United had the higher absolute number of season ticket holders living in the same area.

In the late 1990s and early part of the 2000s, an increasing source of concern for many United supporters was the possibility of the club being taken over. The supporters’ group IMUSA (Independent Manchester United Supporters' Association) were extremely active in opposing a proposed takeover by Rupert Murdoch in 1998. Another pressure group, Shareholders United Against Murdoch (which became Shareholders United and is now the Manchester United Supporters' Trust) was formed at around this time to encourage supporters to buy shares in the club, partly to enable supporters to have a greater say in the issues that concern them, such as ticket prices and allocation, and partly to reduce the risk of an unwanted party buying enough shares to take over the club. However, this scheme failed to prevent Malcolm Glazer from becoming the majority share holder. Many supporters were outraged, and some formed a new club called F.C. United of Manchester.

Players

Current squad

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
1 GK Netherlands NED Edwin van der Sar
2 DF England ENG Gary Neville (captain)
3 DF France FRA Patrice Evra
4 DF Argentina ARG Gabriel Heinze
5 DF England ENG Rio Ferdinand
6 DF England ENG Wes Brown
7 MF Portugal POR Cristiano Ronaldo
8 FW England ENG Wayne Rooney
9 FW France FRA Louis Saha
11 MF Wales WAL Ryan Giggs (vice-captain)
13 MF South Korea KOR Park Ji-Sung
14 FW England ENG Alan Smith
No. Pos. Nation Player
15 DF Serbia SRB Nemanja Vidić
16 MF England ENG Michael Carrick
18 MF England ENG Paul Scholes
20 FW Norway NOR Ole Gunnar Solskjær
22 DF Ireland EIR John O'Shea
23 MF England ENG Kieran Richardson
24 MF Scotland SCO Darren Fletcher
25 MF England ENG David Jones
27 DF France FRA Mikael Silvestre
29 GK Poland POL Tomasz Kuszczak
38 GK England ENG Thomas Heaton
49 MF England ENG Ritchie Jones

Out on loan

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
19 FW Italy ITA Giuseppe Rossi (on loan to Newcastle United)
26 DF England ENG Phillip Bardsley (on loan to Rangers)
28 DF Spain ESP Gerard Piqué (on loan to Real Zaragoza)
32 DF England ENG Danny Simpson (on loan to Royal Antwerp)
33 MF England ENG Chris Eagles (on loan to NEC Nijmegen)
43 FW China CHN Dong Fangzhuo (on loan to Royal Antwerp)
44 DF England ENG Adam Eckersley (on loan to Brøndby IF)
46 MF England ENG Lee Martin (on loan to Rangers)
47 DF Northern Ireland NIR Jonny Evans (on loan to Royal Antwerp)
50 MF Ireland EIR Darron Gibson (on loan to Royal Antwerp)
51 FW England ENG Fraizer Campbell (on loan to Royal Antwerp)
-- GK England ENG Ben Foster (on loan to Watford)
-- GK United States USA Tim Howard (on loan to Everton)
-- MF Togo TOG Souleymane Mamam (on loan to Royal Antwerp)
-- MF Brazil BRA Fabio (on loan to Fluminense)
-- MF Brazil BRA Rafael (on loan to Fluminense)
-- DF Brazil BRA Rincón (on loan to São Paulo)

Ladies Team

Manchester United Ladies were founded in 1977, and officially became a part of Manchester United FC at the start of the 2001/2 season. They played in the Northern Combination league (the third tier women's football) until they were controversially disbanded before the start of the 2004/5 season.

Notable Former Players

See Also: Manchester United F.C. Academy, List of Manchester United players and Category:Manchester United F.C. players

Club Officials

Board of Directors

Senior Club Staff

  • Company Secretary: David Beswitherick
  • Assistant Company Secretary: Ken Ramsden
  • Director of Communications: Phil Townsend
  • Director of Commercial Enterprises: Ben Hatton
  • Director of Marketing: vacant
  • Director of Financial Services: Steve Falk
  • Director of Finance & IT: Steve Deaville
  • Director of Facilities: Clive Snell

Management

Academy Coaching Staff

  • Director of Youth Academy: Brian McClair
  • Director of Youth Football: Jimmy Ryan
  • Assistant Director for 17-21 Year olds: Paul McGuinness
  • Assistant Director for 9-16 Year olds: Tony Whelan
  • Under 18's Coach: Paul McGuinness
  • Under 13-16's Coach: Mark Dempsey
  • Under 11-12's Coach: Tony Whelan
  • Under 9-10's Coach: Eamon Mulvey
  • Skills Development Coach: vacant
  • Director of Goalkeeping Training: Richard Hartis
  • Academy Coaches: Eddie Leach, Tommy Martin, Mike Glennie & Andy Welsh

Medical Staff

  • Club Doctor: Dr. Steve McNally
  • Assistant Club Doctor: Dr. Tony Gill
  • First Team Physio: Rob Swire
  • Reserve Team Physio: Neil Hough
  • Academy Physios: John Davin, Mandy Johnson, Richard Merren
  • Masseurs: Gary Armer & Rod Thornley

Managerial History

Honours

Club Records

Player Records

as of 9th September 2006

European Footballer of the Year winners(Ballon d'Or)

Most Appearances for Manchester United

# Name Career Appearances Goals
1 Sir Bobby Charlton 1953 - 1973 759 249
2 Bill Foulkes 1950 - 1970 688 9
3 Ryan Giggs 1990 - present 676 136
4 Tony Dunne 1960 - 1973 540 2
5 Alex Stepney 1966 - 1978 539 2
6 Denis Irwin 1990 - 2002 529 33
7 Joe Spence 1919 - 1933 510 168
8 Gary Neville 1991 - present 509 7
9 Paul Scholes 1991 - present 492 130
10 Arthur Albiston 1974 - 1988 485 7

Most Goals Scored for Manchester United

# Name Career Appearances Goals
1 Sir Bobby Charlton 1953 - 1973 759 249
2 Denis Law 1962 - 1973 409 236
3 Jack Rowley 1937 - 1955 424 211
4 George Best 1963 - 1974 466 178
4= Dennis Viollet 1949 - 1962 294 178
6 Joe Spence 1919 - 1933 510 168
7 Mark Hughes 1980 - 1986, 1988 - 1995 470 164
8 Ruud van Nistelrooy 2001 - 2006 219 150
9 Stan Pearson 1935 - 1954 346 149
10 David Herd 1961 - 1968 265 145

Stadium Information

  • Name - Old Trafford
  • Location - Greater Manchester
  • Capacity - 76,000
  • Inauguration - February 19, 1910
  • Pitch Size - 106 x 69.5 metres
  • Record Attendance - 76,962; Wolves-Grimsby, 25 March 1939
  • Address - Sir Matt Busby Way, Old Trafford, Manchester, M16 0RA
  • Nicknames - The Theatre of Dreams

See also

Supporters' organisations

Fanzines

External links

Official
Independent media sites

Notes

  1. "European Football Statistics". Retrieved June 24. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  2. Up until 1992, the top division of English football was the Football League First Division; since then, it has been the FA Premier League.
  3. The second division became the first division upon the formation of the Premier League and then the Championship.
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