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| The '''Kingdom of EnenKio''' is a ] near the ] run by Robert Moore.<ref name=quakio>{{cite web|url=http://www.quatloos.com/enenkio.htm |title=The Kingdom of Enen Kio |work=]}}</ref> | |||
| ]The '''Kingdom of EnenKio''', or "EnenKio" for short, is a small ] of ] who lay claim to the ]' ] of ]. EnenKio seeks recognition as a ] ]n ] in the Northern ]. The Kingdom of EnenKio derives its name from the native name of the northernmost Marshallese ], Eneen-Kio, which was also written as Enen-kio. In the Marshallese language, ''Enen-kio'' means "Island of the orange flower."<ref>''Marshall Islands, 2015 Country Review'', CountryWatch Review, Houston, Texas, 2015, pg. 9</ref> | |||
| The ] has claimed ], which it calls "Enen-Kio". In 1973, Marshallese lawmakers meeting in Saipan at the Congress of Micronesia, the legislative body for the ], asserted that "Enen-Kio is and always has been the property of the people of the Marshall Islands." Their claim was based on oral legends and songs.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3864881/wake_island_claimed_by_marshall_islands/ |title=Wake Island Claimed By Marshall Islanders |work=The Cameron Herald |date=8 February 1973 |page=2}}</ref> | |||
| ] comprises three proximate ] ] currently known as Peale Island, Wake Island, and Wilkes Island. In aggregate they make up an area of approximately 6.5 km² and are approximately 2,300 statute miles west of the ] and 2,000 miles from ]. The nearest island neighbor is ] of the Marshall Islands group, some 300 miles to the south. Westerners have called Wake Island by different names throughout history, such as San Francisco, Lamira, Disclerta, Halcyon, Helsion, and Wilson. | |||
| The self-declared Kingdom of EnenKio has also claimed Wake Island as a separate sovereign nation and has issued ]s.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/inquirer/walking-on-eggshells/news-story/e0f800a86f936c67291189541046737c |title=Walking on eggshells |work=] |date=28 February 2014}}</ref> The Kingdom of EnenKio is not recognized in any international forum as a sovereign state, nor does any internationally recognized state recognize it. In 1997 the ], a micronation engaged in financial fraud, reported that the two had entered into relations.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Rf_mHK98RNwC&pg=PA116 |title=Global Pirates: Fraud in the Offshore Insurance Industry |author=Robert Tillman |year=2002 |publisher=] |isbn=978-1-55553-505-6 |page=116}}</ref> The Kingdom of EnenKio is characterized as a scam by anti-fraud website ].<ref name=quakio /> In 2000, Robert Moore was prevented by the ] from fraudulently issuing bonds for the non-existent nation.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.sec.gov/litigation/litreleases/lr16780.htm |title=SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION v. Robert F. Moore, individually and doing business as The Kingdom of Enenkio, Civil No, 00-00651 SOM/LEK (D, Haw.) |work=] |date=26 October 2000}}</ref> | |||
| The proclaimed king is ] ]. | |||
| On 23 April 1998 the Marshall Islands government issued Circular Note 01-98, which vigorously denied the Kingdom of EnenKio and the Dominion of Melchizedek's claims: | |||
| ==Basis of claim== | |||
| The Kingdom of EnenKio bases their claim over Wake Island upon primarily three factors. | |||
| {{Quote | |||
| First, ] Marshallese ] suggests that, before ]an ], nearby ] travelled to what is now Wake Island, which the ancient travelers called ''Enen-kio'' after a small orange ]-] said to have been found on the island. In ancient Marshallese ], ]s surrounding the ] of ]s, called ''],'' were done using certain fresh human bones, which required a ]. A man could save himself from being sacrificed if he obtained a wing bone from a certain very large ] said to have existed on ''Enen-kio''. Small groups would therefore brave traveling to the island in hope of obtaining and returning with this bone, thus saving the life of the potential human sacrifice.{{fact|date=May 2017}} | |||
| ⚫ | |text=The Government of the Republic of the Marshall Islands condemns the claims and activities asserted by representatives of the "Kingdom of EnenKio" and the "Dominion of Melchizedek". The representatives making claims of separate sovereignty are not citizens of the Republic of the Marshall Islands and have no right to make claims on behalf of Marshallese landowners. Furthermore, these representatives are making fraudulent assertions that violate the Republic of the Marshall Islands' constitution. The area of land and ocean which the "Kingdom of EnenKio" asserts as a sovereign nation separate from the Marshall Islands and the area of land and ocean which the "Dominion of Melchizedek" is asserting control over are areas within the geographical and political boundaries of the Republic of the Marshall Islands. | ||
| ⚫ | The Government of the Republic of the Marshall Islands discourages all independent sovereign nations having diplomatic relations with the Republic from acknowledging any fraudulent claims made by representatives of the "Kingdom of EnenKio" and the "Dominion of Melchizedek". | ||
| Second, EnenKio's Monarch claims to be a direct descendant of ancient travelers to Wake Island, as described above.{{fact|date=May 2017}} | |||
| |author=Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of the Marshall Islands<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.quatloos.com/marshall_islands_declares.htm |title=Marshall Islands Ministry of Foreign Affairs Declares "Kingdom of EnenKio" a Fraud |website=]}}</ref>}} | |||
| Third, and based upon the above two factors,{{fact|date=May 2017}} EnenKio bases their claim upon concepts of first-usage lands rights commonly held in ]n ] and ] as ] for settling ].<ref>http://www.forumsec.org.fj/division/DEPD/Economic_%20Issues/Land%20Issues%20in%20the%20Pacific.pdf#search=%22land%20disputes%20first%20usage%20micronesia%22 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060922003634/http://www.forumsec.org.fj/division/DEPD/Economic_%20Issues/Land%20Issues%20in%20the%20Pacific.pdf |date=2006-09-22 }}</ref><ref>http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/other/alrc/publications/reform/reform80/07.rtf</ref><ref>http://www.forumsec.org.fj/docs/FEMM/2002/femv06.pdf#search=%22land%20disputes%20first%20usage%20micronesia%22 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060922003622/http://www.forumsec.org.fj/docs/FEMM/2002/femv06.pdf |date=2006-09-22 }}</ref> | |||
| However, because there is no evidence of any permanent Marshall Islander settlement on Wake Atoll, the kingdom's claims have been questioned by many. Becoming a citizen requires membership in Kio Royale, a "private independent service-oriented advocacy group" that requires an initiation fee ranging from $500 to $10,000.{{fact|date=May 2017}} EnenKio is characterized as a scam by ],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.quatloos.com/enenkio.htm |title=the Kingdom of Enen Kio (enenkio) - FAKE NATION |publisher=Quatloos.com |date=1994-12-02 |accessdate=}}</ref> whose view is shared by the Marshall Islands Journal.{{fact|date=May 2017}} | |||
| ==Status== | |||
| To date, EnenKio is not recognized in any international forum as a sovereign state nor does any internationally recognized state recognize it. In 1997 the ] a micronation engaged in financial fraud, reported that the two had entered into relations.<ref name="Tillman2002">{{cite book|author=Robert Tillman|title=Global Pirates: Fraud in the Offshore Insurance Industry|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Rf_mHK98RNwC&pg=PA116|year=2002|publisher=UPNE|isbn=978-1-55553-505-6|page=116}}</ref> On 23 April 1998 the Marshall Islands government issued Circular Note 01-98, which vigorously denied EnenKio's Wake Island claims. | |||
| <blockquote> | |||
| ⚫ | The Government of the Republic of the Marshall Islands condemns the claims and activities asserted by representatives of the "Kingdom of EnenKio" and the "Dominion of Melchizedek". The representatives making claims of separate sovereignty are not citizens of the Republic of the Marshall Islands and have no right to make claims on behalf of Marshallese landowners. Furthermore, these representatives are making fraudulent assertions that violate the Republic of the Marshall Islands' constitution. The area of land and ocean which the "Kingdom of EnenKio" asserts as a sovereign nation separate from the Marshall Islands and the area of land and ocean which the "Dominion of Melchizedek" is asserting control over are areas within the geographical and political boundaries of the Republic of the Marshall Islands. | ||
| </blockquote> | |||
| <blockquote> | |||
| ⚫ | The Government of the Republic of the Marshall Islands discourages all independent sovereign nations having diplomatic relations with the Republic from acknowledging any fraudulent claims made by representatives of the "Kingdom of EnenKio" and the "Dominion of Melchizedek". |
||
| </blockquote> | |||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
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| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| ⚫ | {{reflist|30em}} | ||
| {{Citation style|date=September 2009}} | |||
| ⚫ | {{reflist| |
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| ==External links== | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
| {{Micronations}} | {{Micronations}} | ||
Revision as of 21:39, 20 May 2017
The Kingdom of EnenKio is a micronation near the Marshall Islands run by Robert Moore.
The Republic of the Marshall Islands has claimed Wake Island, which it calls "Enen-Kio". In 1973, Marshallese lawmakers meeting in Saipan at the Congress of Micronesia, the legislative body for the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, asserted that "Enen-Kio is and always has been the property of the people of the Marshall Islands." Their claim was based on oral legends and songs.
The self-declared Kingdom of EnenKio has also claimed Wake Island as a separate sovereign nation and has issued passports. The Kingdom of EnenKio is not recognized in any international forum as a sovereign state, nor does any internationally recognized state recognize it. In 1997 the Dominion of Melchizedek, a micronation engaged in financial fraud, reported that the two had entered into relations. The Kingdom of EnenKio is characterized as a scam by anti-fraud website Quatloos!. In 2000, Robert Moore was prevented by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission from fraudulently issuing bonds for the non-existent nation.
On 23 April 1998 the Marshall Islands government issued Circular Note 01-98, which vigorously denied the Kingdom of EnenKio and the Dominion of Melchizedek's claims:
The Government of the Republic of the Marshall Islands condemns the claims and activities asserted by representatives of the "Kingdom of EnenKio" and the "Dominion of Melchizedek". The representatives making claims of separate sovereignty are not citizens of the Republic of the Marshall Islands and have no right to make claims on behalf of Marshallese landowners. Furthermore, these representatives are making fraudulent assertions that violate the Republic of the Marshall Islands' constitution. The area of land and ocean which the "Kingdom of EnenKio" asserts as a sovereign nation separate from the Marshall Islands and the area of land and ocean which the "Dominion of Melchizedek" is asserting control over are areas within the geographical and political boundaries of the Republic of the Marshall Islands. The Government of the Republic of the Marshall Islands discourages all independent sovereign nations having diplomatic relations with the Republic from acknowledging any fraudulent claims made by representatives of the "Kingdom of EnenKio" and the "Dominion of Melchizedek".
— Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of the Marshall Islands
See also
References
- ^ "The Kingdom of Enen Kio". Quatloos!.
- "Wake Island Claimed By Marshall Islanders". The Cameron Herald. 8 February 1973. p. 2.
- "Walking on eggshells". The Australian. 28 February 2014.
- Robert Tillman (2002). Global Pirates: Fraud in the Offshore Insurance Industry. Northeastern University Press. p. 116. ISBN 978-1-55553-505-6.
- "SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION v. Robert F. Moore, individually and doing business as The Kingdom of Enenkio, Civil No, 00-00651 SOM/LEK (D, Haw.)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. 26 October 2000.
- "Marshall Islands Ministry of Foreign Affairs Declares "Kingdom of EnenKio" a Fraud". Quatloos!.
