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| | years active = 1900s-present | | years active = 1900s-present | ||
| | ethnic makeup = "]" are Italian and Sicilian Americans and the associates can be both Sicilian and Italian, but many associates can be of different races and cultural backgrounds | | ethnic makeup = "]" are Italian and Sicilian Americans and the associates can be both Sicilian and Italian, but many associates can be of different races and cultural backgrounds | ||
| | membership = |
| membership = 10 made members | ||
| | territory = ] and all ], ], and ] | | territory = ] and all ], ], and ] | ||
| | criminal activities = ], murder, car bombing, drug trafficking,skimming, labor racketeering, extortion, illegal gambling, construction, garbage collection, loansharking, bookmaking, bribery, assault | | criminal activities = ], murder, car bombing, drug trafficking,skimming, labor racketeering, extortion, illegal gambling, construction, garbage collection, loansharking, bookmaking, bribery, assault | ||
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| Founded by | Joseph "Big Joe" Lonardo |
|---|---|
| Founding location | Cleveland, Ohio, United States |
| Years active | 1900s-present |
| Territory | Greater Cleveland and all Ohio, Southern Florida, and Las Vegas |
| Ethnicity | "Made members" are Italian and Sicilian Americans and the associates can be both Sicilian and Italian, but many associates can be of different races and cultural backgrounds |
| Membership | 10 made members |
| Criminal activities | Racketeering, murder, car bombing, drug trafficking,skimming, labor racketeering, extortion, illegal gambling, construction, garbage collection, loansharking, bookmaking, bribery, assault |
| Allies | Chicago, Detroit, Genovese, Gambino, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Los Angeles, New Orleans and the Kansas City crime families |
| Rivals | various gangs over Cleveland, including their allies |
The Cleveland crime family is the collective name given to a succession of Mafia gangs, such as the Licavoli crime family (pronounced [liˈkaːvoli])or the Mayfield Road Mob, that were based in Cleveland's little Italy. The Cleveland crime family was an American Mafia (or Cosa Nostra) crime family active in the Cleveland, Ohio and the Greater Cleveland Area from the beginning of the 1920's until the 1980's.
History
The Lonardo and Porrello brothers
The Cleveland crime family originated in the early 1900s when the four Lonardo brothers (Joe, Frank, John & Dominic) and seven Porrello brothers immigrated to the United States from Licata, Sicily. The Lonardo and Porrello brothers first established themselves as legitimate businessmen. The two groups dabbled in various criminal activities including robbery and extortion, before prohibition, but were not yet considered a major organization.
At the start of Prohibition, Joseph "Big Joe" Lonardo was the boss of the Cleveland crime family. He was the second oldest of the four Lonardo brothers. He and his brothers began by supplying Cleveland's bootleggers with the corn sugar they needed to produce liquor. His top lieutenant was Joseph "Big Joe" Porrello, who supervised various bootlegging and other criminal operations throughout the early to mid-1920s.
Split factions (1926–1927)
In 1926, the Porrello brothers (Rosario, Vincenzo, Angelo, Joseph, John, Ottavio, and Raymond) broke away from the Lonardo family and formed their own faction. They established their headquarters on upper Woodland Avenue, around E. 110th St. In 1927, hostilities between the Lonardo and Porrello families escalated as the families competed with the in the both corn sugar business. During Prohibition, corn sugar was the prime ingredient in bootleg liquor.
In the summer of 1927, Joseph “Big Joe” Lonardo, boss of the Lonardo faction at the time, left for Sicily, Italy amongst rising tension between the two families. He left his brother John and adviser, Salvatore "Black Sam" Todaro as acting heads of the Cleveland family. When Lonardo returned, a sitdown was scheduled between the Lonardos and the Porrellos. On October 13, 1927 Joseph Lonardo and his eldest brother John were to meet with Angelo Porrello in a Porrello-owned barber shop. Inside the barbershop, the Lonardo brothers relaxed into playing a game of cards. They were then ambushed by two gunmen and assassinated. This allowed Joseph Porrello to take over as boss of the Cleveland crime family and become the most influential corn sugar baron in the Cleveland area.
The Porrellos (1927–1930)
Through late 1927 and much of 1928, the remaining Lonardo faction loyalists, which included an up-and-coming Mafia group known as the Mayfield Road Mob (led by Frank Milano) and various Jewish allies within the Cleveland Syndicate, continued to rival the Porrello family for the leadership within the Cleveland underworld. They vied for control of the most lucrative rackets outside of the corn sugar business, which included gambling, the most profitable hustle for American Mafia crime families after bootlegging.
To establish dominance, the Porrello's needed backing from the top Mafia bosses in New York, as well as other leading Mafia families across the United States. On December 5, 1928, a high-level American Mafia meeting was held at the Statler Hotel in Cleveland. Joseph Porrello, with the help of one of his top lieutenants Sam Tilocco, hosted the event in hopes that the top Mafia bosses from across the United States would declare him the official Mafia boss of Cleveland.
The attendees of the Cleveland meeting became participants to one of the first known La Cosa Nostra summits in American history. Some of the powerful bosses who attended included Joe Profaci and Vincent Mangano of New York. However, the meeting turned into a fiasco as some of the well-known attendees were recognized by local law enforcement and arrested along with their associates. Meanwhile, Mafiosi continued to arrive from across the country for the Mafia summit.
The Porrello brothers arranged for their associates to be bailed out of jail. In spite of the chaos, Joseph Porrello was declared the boss and recognized nationwide as head of the Cleveland crime family. On June 11, 1929, Porrello family Lieutenant Sam Todaro was murdered. At the end of Prohibition, most of the Porrello brothers and their supporters had been killed or had sided with the Mayfield Road Mob.
On July 5, 1930, Joseph Porrello was invited to a sitdown with Frank Milano at the Milano-owned Venetian Restaurant. Gunfire erupted and boss Joseph Porrello and his underling were killed. Vincenzo "Jim" Porrello succeeded his brother as Cleveland Mafia boss. Three weeks after his brother's murder, Vincenzo was shot in the back of the head and murdered in a grocery store on East 110th Street and Woodland Avenue in an area considered a Porrello stronghold. Raymond Porrello declared revenge, and on August 15, 1930, an explosion leveled Raymond's home. He was not home at the time.
Mayfield Road Mob (1930–1944)
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In the early 1930s, Frank Milano and the "Mayfield Road Mob" of Cleveland's Cleveland's Little Italy had replaced the Porrellos as the Cleveland area's premier Mafia group. The Mafia faction was even mentioned by its old name in the movie "The Godfather" as the Lakeview Road Gang, as Lakeview Cemetery borders Mayfield Road Hill which marks the beginning of Little Italy in Cleveland. This area is also referred to as "Murray Hill" by locals. This Mafia family was formed in the late 1920s and was headed by Frank Milano.
In 1931, Milano joined the National Crime Syndicate, a network of powerful criminals from around the country, such as Charlie Luciano and Meyer Lansky. Milano was now the official boss of Cleveland crime family. By 1932, Milano had become one of the top American Mafia bosses in the country and a charter Commission member.
On February 25, 1932, Milano made sure the Porrello family and their gang were finished for good by having Raymond and Rosario Porrello, along with their bodyguard, Dominic Gueli, murdered in a smoke shop on East 110th Street and Woodland Ave. in their old territory while they were playing cards. After this, the remaining Porrello brothers backed out of the Cleveland underworld and fled the area.
In 1935 Milano fled to Mexico after being indicted for tax evasion. Alfred Polizzi, another leading member of the Mayfield Road mob, seized power and reigned as boss until 1944 when he was convicted of tax evasion.
Collinwood Crew
The Collinwood Mob, also known as the Young Turks, was based in Cleveland's South Collinwood Neighborhood, was at times integrated with the Mayfield Road Mob and has a Mafia history as old as that of the Mayfield Road Gang. The most notorious of the Collinwood Crew was the late Alfred "Allie Con" Calabrese. Allie Con was feared and respected in both neighborhoods and known as a stand-up guy, a "true gangster". His crew consisted of Joe "Joey Loose" Lacobacci, the late Butchie Cisternino and others from an area that stretched from the 152nd Street bridge, up Five Points and Ivanhoe Road, down Mandalay across London Road to Wayside and over to Saranac bordering the Collinwood Train Yards.
Scalish era (1944–1976)
John Scalish held the longest reign of any Cleveland mob boss. He took control of the family in 1944, and remained the boss for thirty-two years, until his death in 1976. During his time as the crime family's leader, the group developed ties with important crime figures like Shondor Birns, Moe Dalitz, Meyer Lansky, and Tony Accardo. The Family also became allies of the extremely powerful Chicago Outfit and Genovese crime family. Additionaly, The Cleveland mob also expanded its influence to areas throughout the Midwest, as well as California, Florida, and Las Vegas.
In the 1950s, the family reached its peak in size, with about 60 "made" members, and several times as many associates. By the 1970s the family's membership began to decrease because Scalish didn't induct many new members. Scalish died during open heart surgery in 1976 and failed to name a successor beforehand.
War with Danny Greene and decline (1976–1990s)
After the Death of John Scalish, it was decided by the family's members that James "Jack White" Licavoli would take over as boss. Licavoli, worked for the infamous Purple Gang in Detroit during the Prohibition before moving to Cleveland, where he gradually rose up the ranks of the city's underworld.
During his reign, an Irish gangster named Danny Greene began competing with the Mafia for control of union rackets. This resulted in a violent mob war between the Mafia and the Danny Greene gang, during which there were almost 40 car bombings in Cleveland. This time period earned Cleveland the unofficial title of "Bomb City U.S.A.”. Danny was backed by mob associate and teamster John Nardi, who was killed on May 17, 1977, by a car bomb in the parking lot of the Teamster Hall in Cleveland.
After eight failed attempts to kill Greene, it became evident that Licavoli’s outfit needed outside help. In 1977, Danny Greene was murdered after a scheduled a visit to his dentist. After learning of the dentist appointment scheduled by Greene, Licavoli and Lonardo contracted Ray Ferritto to assassinate him. While Greene was in the dentist’s office, a bomb was placed underneath a car adjacent to his. Upon return to his vehicle the bomb was exploded remotely. Greene lay under the ruins of his vehicle for at least an hour before his corpse was removed.
After Greene’s assassination, Ferritto heard that the Cleveland Crime Family wanted him dead and in response became an FBI informant. The information that he provided led to the arrests of many high ranking mafia members, including John Licavoli himself.
Eventually, Licavoli was sent to prison for the murder of Danny Greene in 1982. Angelo Lonardo, the son of Prohibition mob boss Joseph Lonardo, took control of the Cleveland crime family. He led the family until 1984 when he was convicted of running a drug ring and was sentenced to life in prison. He then became an informant, making him the highest-ranking Mafia turncoat up to that time. He informed on powerful Mafiosi from numerous families while in prison, and caused serious damage to the Mafia's infrastructure.
After Lonardo became an informant, the Cleveland crime family's boss was John "Peanuts" Tronolone. Peanuts was a long-time Miami Beach resident who prior to becoming the boss, was a South Florida point man for the New York-based Genovese crime family and other mobsters. He was also closely associated with Meyer Lansky. In 1989 he became the only Mafia boss to have the distinction of being arrested in a hand-to-hand undercover transaction by local law enforcement. He accepted jewelry from Dave Green, an undercover Broward County deputy in exchange for bookmaking and loan-sharking debts. He died before he could start his nine-year state prison sentence.
In 1978, Cleveland police warned then-mayor Dennis Kucinich that local Mafia members had put out a hit on him because of some of his mayoral initiatives were hindering money-making opportunities. Police told Kucinich that a hitman was planning on shooting the mayor while he marched in The Columbus Day Parade in October 1978. Kucinich missed the parade as he was hospitalized with a ruptured ulcer. However, he took the threat but took note of the threat and began keeping a gun in his home for protection.
The Cleveland family was ravaged by the FBI and other law enforcers to the point where it was thought to have no living members outside of prison by the early 1990s, making the Family, in any serious criminal capacity, defunct.
Historical leadership
Boss (official and acting)
- 1920–1927 – Joseph "Big Joe" Lonardo – murdered in 1927.
- 1927–1929 – Salvatore "Black Sam" Todaro – murdered in 1929.
- 1929–1930 – Joseph "Big Joe" Porrello – murdered in 1930.
- 1930–1935 – Frank "Ciccio" Milano – fled in Mexico in 1935, deceased in 1970.
- 1935–1945 – Alfred "Al the Owl" Polizzi – arrested in 1944, retired in Florida in 1945, deceased in 1975.
- Acting 1944–1945 – John "Johnny" Scalish
- 1945–1976 – John "Johnny" Scalish
- 1976–1985 – James "Jack White" Licavoli – imprisoned in 1981 and deceased in 1985.
- Acting 1981–1983 – Angelo "Big Ange" Lonardo – turned informant in October 1983, deceased in 2006.
- Acting 1983–1985 – John "Peanuts" Tronolone
- 1985–1991 – John "Peanuts" Tronolone
- Acting 1991–1993 – Anthony "Tony Lib" Liberatore – imprisoned in 1993, deceased in 1998.
- 1993–2005 – Joseph "Joe Loose" Lacobacci – semi-retired in 2005, living in Pennsylvania.
- 2005–present – Russell "R.J." Papalardo
Underboss
- 1930–1976 – Anthony "The Old Man" Milano – retired in 1976, deceased in 1978.
- 1976 – Calogero "Leo Lips" Moceri – disappeared and murdered in 1976.
- 1976–1983 – Angelo "Big Ange" Lonardo – turned informant in October 1983, deceased in 2006.
- 1983–1985 – John "Peanuts" Tronolone – became boss in 1985.
- 1985–1993 – Anthony "Tony Lib" Liberatore – imprisoned in 1993, deceased in 1998.
- 1993–1995 – Alfred "Allie" Calabrese – imprisoned in 1995.
- 1995–2005 – Russel "RJ" Papalardo – became boss
Consigliere
- 1930–1972 – John DeMarco
- 1972–1973 – Frank "Frankie B" Brancato
- 1973–1977 – Anthony "Tony Dope" Delsanter
- 1977–1985 – John "Peanuts" Tronolone – became underboss in 1985.
- 1985–1994 – Louis "Bones" Battista aka "The Bulldog" (deceased)
Current family soldiers
- Raymond "Lefty" LaMarca - Active
- Alfred "Al " Morelli - Active
Former members
- Milton "Mashie" Rockman – was a Jewish mobster officially affiliated with Cleveland's Mayfield Road Mob. Rockman was the brother-in-law of Cleveland crime family bosses John "Johnny" Scalish and Angelo "Big Ange" Lonardo and was a top Cleveland crime family associate involved in labor racketeering and the Las Vegas casino interests of the Cleveland Mafia. Rockman was recognized as an advisor to Johnny Scalish, Ange Lonardo and James "Blackie" Licavoli during the reign of these Cleveland Mafia leaders.
- Norman "The Hulk" Dabish now deceased was succeeded by his youngest son Jonathan "J.D" Dabish. Dabish was investigated and recognized by FBI officials for over a half dozen murders from 2006–2009
- Ronald "Ron the Crab" Carabbia – he was possibly a soldier. Carabbia is known for murdering Cleveland's Irish mob boss Danny Greene alongside Ray Ferritto in 1977, he received a life sentence for his role after Ferritto became a government witness and testified against him. He was released in 2002. It is alleged that he has retired from the mob and living out his older years meanwhile some sources say he has little association with the Cleveland mafia.
References
- Mobsters, unions, and feds: the Mafia and the American labor movement By James B. Jacobs pg.28
- "The Cleveland Free Times :: Cover :: The Mafia Plot To Kill Dennis Kucinich". 2007-07-08. Retrieved 2017-06-22.
- DeVico, p. 142
- DeVico, p. 142
- "The Writers of Wrongs". Retrieved 2017-06-22.
- "The Cleveland Mafia: Death of a don ignites Bomb City, USA (vintage photos)". cleveland.com. Retrieved 2017-06-23.
- "Car bomb kills Danny Greene". cleveland.com. Retrieved 2017-06-23.
- "The Cleveland Free Times :: Cover :: The Mafia Plot To Kill Dennis Kucinich". 2007-07-08. Retrieved 2017-06-23.
- Kucinich packed heat after 1978 Mafia death plot
- Porrello, Rick. The Rise and Fall of the Cleveland crime family: Corn Sugar and Blood. Barricade Books, 1995. ISBN 1-56980-058-8
- Porrello, Rick. To Kill the Irishman: The War that Crippled the Mafia. Novelty, Ohio: Next Hat Press, 2004. ISBN 0-9662508-9-3
- DeVico, Peter J. (2007). The Mafia Made Easy: The Anatomy and Culture of La Cosa Nostra. Mustang, OK: Tate Publishing. ISBN 978-1-60247-254-9.
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External links
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