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<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mothet JP, Parent AT, Wolosker H, Brady RO, Linden DJ, Ferris CD, Rogawski MA, Snyder SH | title = D-serine is an endogenous ligand for the glycine site of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor.| journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 97 | issue = 9 | pages = 4926–31 | date = Apr 2000 | pmid = 10781100 | pmc = 18334 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.97.9.4926 | bibcode = 2000PNAS...97.4926M }}</ref> |
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<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mothet JP, Parent AT, Wolosker H, Brady RO, Linden DJ, Ferris CD, Rogawski MA, Snyder SH | title = D-serine is an endogenous ligand for the glycine site of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor.| journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 97 | issue = 9 | pages = 4926–31 | date = Apr 2000 | pmid = 10781100 | pmc = 18334 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.97.9.4926 | bibcode = 2000PNAS...97.4926M }}</ref> |
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The major sources of D-amino acids in Nature are ]. In these microorganisms, D-amino acids are part of ] (a major component of the bacterial cell wall). In addition, also the compounds ] and ] contain D-amino acids. |
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The major sources of D-amino acids in nature are ]. In these microorganisms, D-amino acids are part of ] (a major component of the bacterial cell wall). In addition, also the compounds ] and ] contain D-amino acids. |
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In peptidoglycan, D-alanine or D-glutamate contribute to antibiotic resistance in some bacteria. |
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In peptidoglycan, D-alanine or D-glutamate contribute to antibiotic resistance in some bacteria. |
All α-amino acids (AA) but glycine exist in either of the two enantiomers, which are mirror images of each other (the so-called D- and L-enantiomers).
Although present in a less concentration in mammals, free D-amino acids play central roles: as an example D-serine is one of the main neuromodulators of the glutamatergic neurotransmission and D-aspartate is fundamental for brain development in fetus.
In peptidoglycan, D-alanine or D-glutamate contribute to antibiotic resistance in some bacteria.
Many diverse bacteria synthesize D-amino acids such as, D-methionine and D-leucine.
D-amino acids are also present in many venoms from platypus, funnel web spider, and cone snail produced by the action of isomerases.
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