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| ==Early beginnings== | ==Early beginnings== | ||
| He was born '''Baha-ud-Din Osman''' and later given the nickname '''Qara Iluk''' or '''Qara Yuluk''' meaning ''The Black Leech''.<ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite book|url= |
He was born '''Baha-ud-Din Osman''' and later given the nickname '''Qara Iluk''' or '''Qara Yuluk''' meaning ''The Black Leech''.<ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=vZI3AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA404&dq=qara+osman#v=onepage&q=qara%20osman&f=false|title=A History of Persian Literature Under Tartar Dominion (A.D, 1265-1502)|author=]|year=2009|publisher=CUP Archive|location=|isbn=|page=|pages=|accessdate=}}</ref> According to ] and Aq Qoyunlu sources, he was married to a princess,<ref>{{citation|title=The Aq-qoyunlu State from the Death of Osman Bey to Uzun Hasan Bey (1435-1456)|first=Ilhan|last= ERDEM|publisher=University of Ankara, Turkey}}</ref> a daughter of ] and his consort ]. | ||
| He was afraid of the intentions of his brothers, Ahmed and Pir Ali, when they joined ] of ]. He eventually killed his opponents and took over their territories in 1398 but retreated from ] on arrival of the ] under ].<ref name=autogenerated1 /> | He was afraid of the intentions of his brothers, Ahmed and Pir Ali, when they joined ] of ]. He eventually killed his opponents and took over their territories in 1398 but retreated from ] on arrival of the ] under ].<ref name=autogenerated1 /> | ||
| ==Rise== | ==Rise== | ||
| When ] invaded the ] and eastern ], the ] sided with him in support and fought alongside the ] against the ]. For his services Qara Osman was given ] in 1402.<ref>{{cite book|url= |
When ] invaded the ] and eastern ], the ] sided with him in support and fought alongside the ] against the ]. For his services Qara Osman was given ] in 1402.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=stl97FdyRswC&pg=PA31&dq=qara+osman#v=onepage&q=qara%20osman&f=false|title=Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East|author=Facts On File, Incorporated|year=2009|publisher=Infobase Publishing|location=|isbn=9781438126760|page=31|pages=|accessdate=}}</ref> | ||
| ==War with Kara Koyunlu== | ==War with Kara Koyunlu== | ||
Revision as of 13:54, 24 August 2017
Qara Osman (Template:Lang-az, Template:Lang-tr) (reigned 1378–1435) was a late 14th and early 15th-century leader of the Turkmen tribal federation of Aq Qoyunlu in what is now eastern Turkey, Iran, Azerbaijan and Iraq.
Early beginnings
He was born Baha-ud-Din Osman and later given the nickname Qara Iluk or Qara Yuluk meaning The Black Leech. According to Byzantine and Aq Qoyunlu sources, he was married to a princess, a daughter of Alexios III of Trebizond and his consort Theodora Kantakouzene.
He was afraid of the intentions of his brothers, Ahmed and Pir Ali, when they joined Kadi Burhan al-Din of Sivas. He eventually killed his opponents and took over their territories in 1398 but retreated from Erzinjan on arrival of the Ottomans under Süleyman Çelebi.
Rise
When Timur invaded the Caucasus and eastern Anatolia, the Aq Qoyunlu sided with him in support and fought alongside the Timurids against the Ottomans. For his services Qara Osman was given Diyarbakır in 1402.
War with Kara Koyunlu
 | This article is missing information about Error: you must specify what information is missing.. Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the talk page. (February 2013) |
| Preceded byAhmed bin Qutlugh | Ruler of the Aq Qoyunlu 1378-1435 |
Succeeded byHamza |
References
- ^ Edward Granville Browne (2009). A History of Persian Literature Under Tartar Dominion (A.D, 1265-1502). CUP Archive.
- ERDEM, Ilhan, The Aq-qoyunlu State from the Death of Osman Bey to Uzun Hasan Bey (1435-1456), University of Ankara, Turkey
- Facts On File, Incorporated (2009). Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East. Infobase Publishing. p. 31. ISBN 9781438126760.
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