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| '''''Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies''''' (also titled '''''Guns, Germs and Steel: A short history of everybody for the last 13,000 years'''''), commonly cited as '''''Guns, Germs, and Steel''''', is a 1997 ] non-fiction book by ], professor of ] and ] at the ] (UCLA). In 1998, ''Guns, Germs, and Steel'' won the ] for ] and the ]. A documentary based on the book, and produced by the ], was broadcast on PBS in July 2005.<ref name=natgeo>{{cite web | last = Lovgren | |||
| | first = Stefan | title = "Guns, Germs and Steel": Jared Diamond on Geography as Power | work = | publisher = ] | date = July 6, 2005 | url = http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2005/07/0706_050706_diamond.html | doi = | accessdate = 2011-11-16}}</ref> | |||
| The book attempts to explain why ]n and North African civilizations have survived and conquered others, while arguing against the idea that Eurasian ] is due to any form of Eurasian ], ], or ] ]. Diamond argues that the gaps in power and technology between human societies originate primarily in environmental differences, which are amplified by various ]. When cultural or genetic differences have favored Eurasians (for example, ] or the development among Eurasians of resistance to ]s), he asserts that these advantages occurred because of the influence of geography on societies and cultures (for example, by facilitating commerce and trade between different cultures) and were not inherent in the Eurasian ]s. | |||
| == Synopsis == | |||
| The prologue opens with an account of Diamond's conversation with ], a ] politician. The conversation turned to the obvious differences in power and technology between Yali's people and the ] who dominated the land for 200 years, differences that neither of them considered due to any genetic superiority of Europeans. Yali asked, using the local term "]" for inventions and manufactured goods, "Why is it that you white people developed so much cargo and brought it to New Guinea, but we black people had little cargo of our own?" (p. 14) | |||
| Diamond realized the same question seemed to apply elsewhere: "People of Eurasian origin ... dominate ... the world in wealth and power." Other peoples, after having thrown off colonial domination, still lag in wealth and power. Still others, he says, "have been decimated, subjugated, and in some cases even exterminated by European colonialists." (p. 15) | |||
| The peoples of other continents (], ], ] and ], and the original inhabitants of tropical Southeast Asia) have been largely conquered, displaced and in some extreme cases – referring to Native Americans, Aboriginal Australians, and South Africa's indigenous ] peoples – largely exterminated by farm-based societies such as Eurasians and ]. He believes this is due to these societies' technologic and immunologic advantages, stemming from the early rise of agriculture after the last ]. | |||
| === Title === | |||
| The book's title is a reference to the means by which farm-based societies conquered populations of other areas and maintained dominance, despite sometimes being vastly outnumbered – superior weapons provided immediate military superiority (]); Eurasian diseases weakened and reduced local populations, who had no immunity, making it easier to maintain control over them (]); and durable means of transport (]) enabled imperialism. | |||
| Diamond argues geographic, climatic and environmental characteristics which favored early development of stable agricultural societies ultimately led to immunity to diseases endemic in agricultural animals and the development of powerful, organized ] capable of dominating others. | |||
| === Outline of theory === | |||
| Diamond argues that Eurasian ] is not so much a product of ingenuity, but of opportunity and necessity. That is, civilization is not created out of superior intelligence, but is the result of a chain of developments, each made possible by certain preconditions. | |||
| The first step towards civilization is the move from ]ic ] to rooted ]. Several conditions are necessary for this transition to occur: access to high-carbohydrate vegetation that endures storage; a ] dry enough to allow storage; and access to animals docile enough for ] and versatile enough to survive captivity. Control of ] and livestock leads to food ]. Surpluses free people to specialize in activities other than sustenance and support population growth. The combination of specialization and population growth leads to the accumulation of social and technologic innovations which build on each other. Large societies develop ]es and supporting bureaucracies, which in turn lead to the organization of ]s and empires.<ref name="Diamond1997GGS">{{cite book | author=Diamond, J. | title=Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies | publisher=W.W. Norton & Company | date=March 1997 | isbn=0-393-03891-2 }}</ref> | |||
| Although agriculture arose in several parts of the world, Eurasia gained an early advantage due to the greater availability of suitable plant and animal species for domestication. In particular, Eurasia has ], two varieties of wheat, and three protein-rich ] for food; ] for textiles; and goats, sheep, and cattle. Eurasian grains were richer in protein, easier to sow, and easier to store than American maize or tropical bananas. | |||
| As early Western Asian civilizations began to trade, they found additional useful animals in adjacent territories, most notably horses and ]s for use in transport. Diamond identifies 13 species of large animals over {{convert|100|lb}} domesticated in Eurasia, compared with just one in South America (counting the ] and ] as breeds within the same species) and none at all in the rest of the world. Australia and North America suffered from a lack of useful animals due to ], probably by human hunting, shortly after the end of the ], whilst the only domesticated animals in ] came from the East Asian mainland during the ] settlement some 4,000–5,000 years ago. Sub-Saharan biological relatives of the horse including ]s and ]s proved untameable; and although ]s can be tamed, it is very difficult to breed them in captivity;<ref name="Diamond1997GGS" /><ref name="McNeill2001WorldAccordingToDiamond" /> Diamond describes the small number of domesticated species (14 out of 148 "candidates") as an instance of the ]: many promising species have just one of several significant difficulties that prevent domestication. | |||
| Eurasians domesticated goats and sheep for hides, clothing, and cheese; cows for milk; ]s for ] of fields and transport; and benign animals such as pigs and chickens. Large domestic animals such as horses and camels offered the considerable military and economic advantages of mobile transport. | |||
| ]al axes according to ] in ''Guns, Germs, and Steel''.]] | |||
| Eurasia's large landmass and long east-west distance increased these advantages. Its large area provided it with more plant and animal species suitable for domestication, and allowed its people to exchange both innovations and diseases. Its east-west orientation allowed breeds domesticated in one part of the continent to be used elsewhere through similarities in climate and the cycle of seasons. The Americas had difficulty adapting crops domesticated at one ] for use at other latitudes (and, in North America, adapting crops from one side of the ] to the other). Similarly, Africa was fragmented by its extreme variations in climate from north to south: crops and animals that flourished in one area never reached other areas where they could have flourished, because they could not survive the intervening environment. Europe was the ultimate beneficiary of Eurasia's east-west orientation: in the ], the ] areas of Europe adopted Southwestern Asia's animals, plants, and agricultural techniques; in the ] CE, the rest of Europe followed suit.<ref name="Diamond1997GGS" /><ref name="McNeill2001WorldAccordingToDiamond" /> | |||
| The plentiful supply of food and the dense populations that it supported made ] possible. The rise of nonfarming specialists such as craftsmen and ]s accelerated economic growth and technological progress. These economic and technological advantages eventually enabled Europeans to conquer the peoples of the other continents in recent centuries by using the guns and steel of the book's title. | |||
| Eurasia's dense populations, high levels of trade, and living in close proximity to livestock resulted in widespread transmission of diseases, including from animals to humans. ], ], and ] were the result of close proximity between dense populations of animals and humans. ] forced Eurasians to develop ] to a wide range of ]s. When Europeans made contact with the Americas, European diseases (to which Americans had no immunity) ravaged the indigenous American population, rather than the other way around (the "trade" in diseases was a little more balanced in Africa and southern Asia: endemic malaria and ] made these regions notorious as the "white man's grave";<ref name="RossMacGregor1903 offightAgainstMalaria">{{cite journal | title=The Fight against Malaria: An Industrial Necessity for Our African Colonies |author1=Ross, R. |author2=MacGregor, W. | journal=Journal of the Royal African Society | volume=2 | issue=6 | date=January 1903| pages=149–160 | publisher=Oxford University Press |jstor=714548 }}</ref> and ] may have originated in the Americas).<ref name="OriginOfSyphilis">The origin of syphilis is still debated. Some researchers think it was known to ]: {{cite web |url = http://news.independent.co.uk/health/article266422.ece |title = English syphilis epidemic pre-dated European outbreaks by 150 years |author = Keys, David |accessdate = 2007-09-22 |publisher = Independent News and Media Limited |year = 2007 | |||
| }} Others think it was brought from the Americas by ] and his successors: {{cite web | title=Columbus blamed for spread of syphilis | url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn13186-columbus-blamed-for-spread-of-syphilis-.html | date=January 2008 | publisher=NewScientist.com news service | author=MacKenzie, D. }}</ref> The European diseases – the ]s of the book's title – decimated indigenous populations so that relatively small numbers of Europeans could maintain their dominance.<ref name="Diamond1997GGS" /><ref name="McNeill2001WorldAccordingToDiamond" /> | |||
| Diamond also proposes geographical explanations for why western European societies, rather than other Eurasian powers such as China, have been the dominant colonizers,<ref name="Diamond1997GGS" /><ref name="Diamond1999HowToGetRich">{{cite web | title=How to get rich | url=http://www.edge.org/3rd_culture/diamond_rich/rich_p1.html | author=Diamond, J. |date=July 1999}}</ref> claiming Europe's geography favored ] into smaller, closer, nation-states, bordered by natural barriers of mountains, rivers, and coastline. Threats posed by immediate neighbours ensured governments that suppressed economic and technological progress soon corrected their mistakes or were outcompeted relatively quickly, whilst the region's leading powers changed over time. Other advanced cultures developed in areas whose geography was conducive to large, monolithic, isolated empires, without competitors that might have forced the nation to reverse mistaken policies such as China ]. Western Europe also benefited from a more temperate climate than Southwestern Asia where intense agriculture ultimately damaged the environment, encouraged ], and hurt ]. | |||
| === Agriculture === | |||
| ''Guns, Germs, and Steel'' argues that ] require an ample supply of food, and thus are dependent on agriculture. As farmers do the work of providing food, ] allows others freedom to pursue other functions, such as mining and literacy. | |||
| The crucial trap for the development of agriculture is the availability of wild edible plant species suitable for domestication. Farming arose early in the ] since the area had an abundance of wild wheat and ] species that were nutritious and easy to domesticate. In contrast, American farmers had to struggle to develop corn as a useful food from its probable wild ancestor, ]. | |||
| Also important to the transition from hunter-gatherer to city-dwelling agrarian societies was the presence of 'large' ] animals, raised for meat, work, and long-distance communication. Diamond identifies a mere 14 domesticated large mammal species worldwide. The five most useful (cow, horse, sheep, goat, and pig) are all descendants of species ] to ]. Of the remaining nine, only two (the ] and ] both of South America) are indigenous to a land outside the temperate region of Eurasia. | |||
| Due to the ], surprisingly few animals are suitable for domestication. Diamond identifies six criteria including the animal being sufficiently docile, gregarious, willing to breed in captivity and having a social dominance hierarchy. Therefore, none of the many African mammals such as the ], ], ], and ] were ever domesticated (although some can be tamed, they are not easily bred in captivity). The ] eliminated many of the ] that, had they survived, might have become candidate species, and ] that the pattern of extinction is more severe on continents where animals that had no prior experience of humans were exposed to humans who already possessed advanced hunting techniques (e.g. the Americas and Australia). | |||
| Smaller domesticable animals such as dogs, cats, chickens, and ]s may be valuable in various ways to an agricultural society, but will not be adequate in themselves to sustain large-scale agrarian society. An important example is the use of larger animals such as cattle and horses in plowing land, allowing for much greater crop productivity and the ability to farm a much wider variety of land and soil types than would be possible solely by human muscle power. Large domestic animals also have an important role in the transportation of goods and people over long distances, giving the societies that possess them considerable military and economic advantages. | |||
| === Geography === | |||
| Diamond also argues that geography shaped ], not simply by making travel difficult (particularly by latitude), but by how climates affect where domesticable animals can easily travel and where crops can ideally grow easily due to the sun. | |||
| The dominant ] holds that modern humans developed east of the ] of the African continent at one time or another. The ] kept people from migrating north to the ], until later when the ] valley became accommodating. | |||
| Diamond continues to describe the story of human development up to the modern era, through the rapid development of technology, and its dire consequences on hunter-gathering cultures around the world. | |||
| Diamond touches on why the dominant powers of the last 500 years have been West European rather than East Asian (especially Chinese). The Asian areas in which big civilizations arose had geographical features conducive to the formation of large, stable, isolated empires which faced no external pressure to change which led to stagnation. Europe's many ]s allowed the development of competing ]s. Such competition forced the European nations to encourage innovation and avoid technological stagnation. | |||
| === Germs === | |||
| In the later context of the ], 95% of the indigenous populations are believed to have been ] brought by the Europeans. Many were killed by infectious diseases such as smallpox and measles. Similar circumstances were observed in the ] and in ]. Aboriginal Australians and the Khoikhoi population were decimated by smallpox, measles, influenza and other diseases.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Blainey|first1=Geoffrey|title=A short history of the world|date=2002|publisher=Dee|location=Chicago|isbn=978-1566635073}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Smallpox Epidemic Strikes at the Cape|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/smallpox-epidemic-strikes-cape|website=South Africa History Online|date=16 March 2011}}</ref> | |||
| How was it then that diseases native to the American continents did not kill off Europeans? Diamond posits that the most of these diseases were only developed and sustained in large dense populations in villages and cities; he also states most epidemic diseases evolve from similar diseases of domestic animals. The combined effect of the increased population densities supported by agriculture, and of close human proximity to domesticated animals leading to animal diseases infecting humans, resulted in European societies acquiring a much richer collection of dangerous pathogens to which European people had acquired immunity through ] (see the ] and other epidemics) during a longer time than was the case for ] ] and farmers. | |||
| He mentions the tropical diseases (mainly ]) that limited European penetration into Africa as an exception. Infectious diseases endemic were also barriers to European colonisation of Southeast Asia and New Guinea. | |||
| === Success and failure === | |||
| ''Guns, Germs, and Steel'' focuses on why some populations succeeded. His later book, '']'', focuses on environmental and other factors that have caused some populations to fail. It is a cautionary book. | |||
| == Intellectual background == | |||
| In the 1930s, the ] in France undertook the study of ] by using a synthesis of geography, history, and sociology. Scholars examined the impact of geography, climate, and land use. Although geography had been nearly eliminated as an academic discipline in the United States after the 1960s, several geography-based historical theories were published in the 1990s.<ref name="Cohen1998GeographyRedux">{{cite news| title= Geography Redux: Where You Live Is What You Are | publisher = The New York Times | date=March 21, 1998 | author=Cohen, P. | url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C04E6D81738F932A15750C0A96E958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all | accessdate = 2008-07-09 }}</ref> | |||
| In 1991, Jared Diamond already considered the question of "why is it that the Eurasians came to dominate other cultures?" in '']'' (part four). | |||
| == Reception == | |||
| ''Guns, Germs, and Steel'' won the 1997 ].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.pbk.org/infoview/PBK_Infoview.aspx?t=&id=57 | title=1997 Phi Beta Kappa Science Book Award | publisher=Phi Beta Kappa | accessdate=February 16, 2014 |archiveurl= https://www.webcitation.org/5DBVfgGvk |archivedate=January 24, 2006 }}</ref> In 1998, it won the ], in recognition of its powerful synthesis of many disciplines, and the ]'s ] for Science Books.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.pulitzer.org/awards/1998 | title=The Pulitzer Prizes for 1998 | publisher=Columbia University | accessdate=February 15, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://royalsociety.org/awards/science-books/ | title=Prizes for Science Books previous winners and shortlists | publisher=The ] }}</ref> The ] produced a documentary of the same title based on the book that was broadcast on ] in July 2005.<ref name=natgeo/> | |||
| === Academic reviews === | |||
| In a review of ''Guns, Germs, and Steel'' that ultimately commended the book, historian Tom Tomlinson wrote, "Given the magnitude of the task he has set himself, it is inevitable that Professor Diamond uses very broad brush-strokes to fill in his argument."<ref name="Tomlinson1998GGSreview">{{cite web |date=May 1998|url = http://www.history.ac.uk/reviews/paper/diamond.html|title = Review:Guns, Germs and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies|publisher = Institute of Historical Research | accessdate = 2008-03-14 | last=Tom Tomlinson |quote=}}</ref> | |||
| Another historian, professor ], was on the whole complimentary, but thought Diamond oversold geography as an explanation for history and underemphasized cultural autonomy.<ref name="McNeill2001WorldAccordingToDiamond">{{cite journal|title=The World According to Jared Diamond |url=http://videosdigitals.uab.cat/cr-vet/www/40300/1_2_McNeil01_ht34_world%20according%20to%20Diamond.pdf |author=McNeill, J.R. |journal=The History Teacher |volume=34 |issue=2 |date=February 2001 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130714031430/http://videosdigitals.uab.cat/cr-vet/www/40300/1_2_McNeil01_ht34_world%20according%20to%20Diamond.pdf |archivedate=July 14, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Guns, Germs, and Steel |journal=] |volume=44 |issue=11 |date=June 26, 1997 |author=Jared Diamond; Reply by William H. McNeill |url=http://www.nybooks.com/articles/1132 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080527130118/http://www.nybooks.com/articles/1132 |archivedate=May 27, 2008 }}</ref> | |||
| In his last book published in 2000, the anthropologist and geographer ] criticized ''Guns, Germs, and Steel'', among other reasons, for reviving the theory of ], and described Diamond as an example of a modern ] historian.<ref name="Blaut2000EightEurocentricHistorians">{{cite book | last = James M. Blaut| title = Eight Eurocentric Historians |edition= August 10, 2000|page= 228 | publisher = The Guilford Press| isbn= 1-57230-591-6|year=2000|url=https://books.google.com/?id=ktn7LmLgc6oC|accessdate=2008-08-05}}</ref> Blaut criticizes Diamond's loose use of the terms "Eurasia" and "innovative", which he believes misleads the reader into presuming that Western Europe is responsible for technological inventions that arose in the Middle East and Asia.<ref name="Blaut1999EnvironmentalismAndEurocentrism">{{cite journal | author = Blaut, J.M. | year = 1999 | title = Environmentalism and Eurocentrism | journal = The Geographical Review | volume = 89 | issue = 3 | url = https://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&se=gglsc&d=5001894820 | accessdate = 2008-07-09 | doi = 10.2307/216157 | page = 391 | jstor = 216157 | publisher = American Geographical Society}} </ref> | |||
| ] International Relations (IR) scholar ] called the book "an exhilarating read" and put it on a list of the ten books every IR student should read.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2009/04/09/my-top-ten-books-every-student-of-international-relations-should-read/ | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141225221006/http://foreignpolicy.com/2009/04/09/my-top-ten-books-every-student-of-international-relations-should-read | archivedate=2014-12-25 | title=My "top ten" books every student of International Relations should read | date=April 9, 2009 | accessdate=2016-01-02 | last=Johnson | first=Matt | website=]|registration=yes}}</ref> | |||
| ] economist ] describes the book as a "work of complete and total genius."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.j-bradford-delong.net/econ_articles/reviews/diamond_guns.html |title=Jared Diamond, Guns, Germs, and Steel |author=J. Bradford DeLong |date= |website=j-bradford-delong.net |publisher= |access-date=August 23, 2016 |quote=November 1999}}</ref> | |||
| John Brätland, an ] economist of the ], complained in a '']'' article that ''Guns, Germs, and Steel'' entirely neglects individual action, concentrating solely on the centralized state; fails to understand how societies form (assessing that societies do not exist or form without a strong government); and ignores various economical institutions, such as monetary exchange that would allow societies to "rationally reckon scarcities and the value of actions required to replace what is depleted through human use." Instead, the author concludes that because there was no sophisticated division of labor, private property rights, and monetary exchange, societies like that on Easter Island could never progress from the nomadic stage to a complex society. Those factors are, according to Brätlandare, crucial, and at the same time neglected by Diamond. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://mises.org/system/tdf/22_1_5.pdf?file=1&type=document |title=An Austrian Reexamination of Recent Thoughts on the Rise and Collapse of Societies |author=John Brätland |date= |website=mises.org |publisher= |access-date=January 9, 2017 |quote=July 2014}}</ref> | |||
| Other critique has been made over the author’s position on the agricultural revolution.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bradford-delong.com/2016/06/the-worst-mistake-in-the-history-of-the-human-race.html|title=Agriculture the Worst Mistake in the History of the Human Race?: Today's Economic History|website=bradford-delong.com|author=J. Bradford DeLong|date=June 6, 2016|accessdate=May 3, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/5604296/Is-farming-the-root-of-all-evil.html|title=Is farming the root of all evil?|first=Sanjida|last=O'Connell|work=The Telegraph|date=June 23, 2009|accessdate=May 3, 2017}}</ref> The transition from hunting and gathering to agriculture is not necessarily a one way process. It has been argued that hunting and gathering represents an ], which may still be exploited, if necessary, when environmental change causes extreme food stress for agriculturalists.<ref name=cambridge>{{cite book |editor1=Lee, Richard B. |editor2=Daly, Richard |title=The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers |year=1999 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=0-521-60919-4 }}</ref> In fact, it is sometimes difficult to draw a clear line between agricultural and hunter-gatherer societies, especially since the widespread adoption of agriculture and resulting cultural diffusion that has occurred in the last 10,000 years.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hayes-Bohanan|first=Pamela|year=2010|editor-last=Birx|editor-first=H. James|title=42: Prehistoric Cultures|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fsF1AwAAQBAJ&lpg=PT435&dq=42%3A%20Prehistoric%20Cultures%20%20PAMELA%20HAYES-BOHANAN&pg=PT435#v=onepage&q=42:%20Prehistoric%20Cultures%20%20PAMELA%20HAYES-BOHANAN&f=false|journal=21st Century Anthropology: A Reference Handbook|volume=1|pages=409–418|via=Gale Virtual Reference Library}}</ref> | |||
| == Publication == | |||
| ''Guns, Germs, and Steel'' was first published by W. W. Norton in March 1997. It was subsequently published in Great Britain under the title ''Guns, Germs, and Steel: A Short History of Everybody for the Last 13,000 Years'' by Vintage in 1998 ({{ISBN|978-0099302780}}).<ref>Jared Diamond, ''Guns, Germs, and Steel: A short history of everybody for the last 13,000 years'', London: Vintage, 2005 , {{ISBN|0-09-930278-0}}</ref> It was a selection of ], History Book Club, Quality Paperback Book Club, and Newbridge Book Club.<ref>{{Citation | title = Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies | newspaper = Publishers Weekly | date = December 30, 1998 | url = http://www.publishersweekly.com/978-0-393-03891-0 | accessdate = October 7, 2012}}</ref> | |||
| In 2003 and 2007, the author published new English-language editions that included information collected since the previous editions. The new information did not change any of the original edition's conclusions.<ref>. Retrieved September 21, 2015.</ref> | |||
| == See also == | |||
| {{Portal|United States|1990s|Books|History}} | |||
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| == Notes and references == | |||
| {{Reflist|30em}} | |||
| == Further reading == | |||
| * ] (1976), '']'', New York: Anchor/Doubleday ({{ISBN|0-385-12122-9}}). | |||
| == External links == | |||
| {{Wikibooks|Principles of Sociology/Guns, Germs, and Steel}} | |||
| {{Wikiquote|Jared Diamond#Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies (1997)|Guns, Germs, and Steel}} | |||
| * {{OL work}} | |||
| * – ''Guns, Germs, and Steel'' | |||
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| * {{IMDb title|0475043|Guns, Germs, and Steel}} | |||
| {{PulitzerPrize GeneralNon-Fiction 1976–2000}} | |||
| {{Jared Diamond}} | |||
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Revision as of 16:38, 12 October 2017
 Cover of the first edition, featuring the painting Pizarro seizing the Inca of Peru by John Everett Millais | |
| Author | Jared Diamond |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Subject | Geography, social evolution, ethnology, cultural diffusion |
| Published | 1997 (W. W. Norton) |
| Publication place | United States |
| Media type | Print (Hardcover and Paperback), audio CD, audio cassette, audio download |
| Pages | 480 pages (1st edition, hardcover) |
| ISBN | 0-393-03891-2 (1st edition, hardcover) |
| OCLC | 35792200 |
| Dewey Decimal | 303.4 21 |
| LC Class | HM206 .D48 1997 |
| Preceded by | Why Is Sex Fun? The Evolution of Human Sexuality |
| Followed by | Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed |
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