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| Rantis has a land area 11,046 ]s of which 589 dunams are built-up area.<ref name="ARIJ"/> The town's main economic sector is agriculture and 20% of its land area is planted with crops. There are two primary schools and two kindergartens. Other facilities include three clinics, a bus station, a club and two | Rantis has a land area 11,046 ]s of which 589 dunams are built-up area.<ref name="ARIJ"/> The town's main economic sector is agriculture and 20% of its land area is planted with crops. There are two primary schools and two kindergartens. Other facilities include three clinics, a bus station, a club and two | ||
| ]s.<ref name="ARIJ"/> | ]s.<ref name="ARIJ"/> | ||
| ==Location== | |||
| Rantis is located 22.2km northwest of ]. It is bordered by ] and ] land to the east, Al Lubban al Gharbi village land to the north, the occupied territory of 1948 to the west and ] to the south.<ref>, ], p. 4</ref> | |||
| ==History== | ==History== | ||
| Line 38: | Line 40: | ||
| ===Ottoman era=== | ===Ottoman era=== | ||
| Rantis was incorporated into the ] in 1517 with all of Palestine, and in 1596 it appeared in the ] as being in the '']'' of Jabal Qubal of the '']'' of ]. It had a population of 20 households and 2 batchelors, all Muslim. The villagers paid |
Rantis was incorporated into the ] in 1517 with all of Palestine, and in 1596 it appeared in the ] as being in the '']'' of Jabal Qubal of the '']'' of ]. It had a population of 20 households and 2 batchelors, all Muslim. The villagers paid a fixed tax-rate of 33,3 % on agricultural products, including wheat, barley, summer crops, olive trees, goats and/or beehives, and a press for olives or grapes; a total of 2,500 ].<ref name=Hutteroth132>Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 136</ref> In 1838, ] noted it as a village, ''Rentis'', in the ''Jurat Merda'' district, south of Nablus.<ref>Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. </ref> | ||
| The French explorer ] visited the village in 1870, and found that it had 400 inhabitants, and that it was surrounded by olives and tobacco-plantations.<ref>Guérin, 1875, p. </ref> | The French explorer ] visited the village in 1870, and found that it had 400 inhabitants, and that it was surrounded by olives and tobacco-plantations.<ref>Guérin, 1875, p. </ref> | ||
| Line 45: | Line 47: | ||
| ===British Mandate era=== | ===British Mandate era=== | ||
| In |
In the ] conducted by the ], Rantis had a population of 824 inhabitants, all ]s,<ref name="Census1922">Barron, 1923, Table VII, Sub-district of Ramleh, p. </ref> increasing in the ] to 954, still all Muslims, in a total of 213 houses.<ref name="Census1931">Mills, 1932, p. .</ref> | ||
| In ], the population was 1,280, all Muslims,<ref name=1945p30>Department of Statistics, 1945, p. </ref> while the total land area was 30,933 ]s, according to an official land and population survey.<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. </ref> Of this, 1,299 were allocated for plantations and irrigable land, 7,341 for cereals,<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. </ref> while 30 dunams were classified as built-up areas.<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. </ref> | In ], the population was 1,280, all Muslims,<ref name=1945p30>Department of Statistics, 1945, p. </ref> while the total land area was 30,933 ]s, according to an official land and population survey.<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. </ref> Of this, 1,299 were allocated for plantations and irrigable land, 7,341 for cereals,<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. </ref> while 30 dunams were classified as built-up areas.<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. </ref> | ||
| Line 53: | Line 55: | ||
| ====Israeli raid==== | ====Israeli raid==== | ||
| On 28–29 January 1953 The ], estimated at 120 to 150 men, using 2-inch mortars, 3-inch mortars, P.I.A.T. (projectors, infantry, anti-tank) weapons, ] (long metal tubes containing an explosive charge), machine-guns, grenades and small arms, crossed the demarcation line and attacked the Jordanian villages of Falameh and Rantis. At Falameh the ] was killed, seven other villagers were wounded, and three houses were demolished. The attack lasted four and a half hours. Israel was condemned for this act by the ].<ref> Report of Major General ] Chief of Staff of the ]</ref> | On 28–29 January 1953 The ], estimated at 120 to 150 men, using 2-inch mortars, 3-inch mortars, P.I.A.T. (projectors, infantry, anti-tank) weapons, ] (long metal tubes containing an explosive charge), machine-guns, grenades and small arms, crossed the demarcation line and attacked the Jordanian villages of ] and Rantis. At Falameh the ] was killed, seven other villagers were wounded, and three houses were demolished. The attack lasted four and a half hours. Israel was condemned for this act by the ].<ref> Report of Major General ] Chief of Staff of the ]</ref> | ||
| ===Post-1967=== | ===Post-1967=== | ||
| After the ] in 1967, Rantis has been under ]i occupation. About 12% of the village land is in ], while the remainder 88% is in ]. In addition, Israel has confiscated village land to be used for bypass roads for ]s. The ] will extends for 4km on Rantis village land, and leave 1815 dunams (16.6%) of the village land behind the wall.<ref>, ], pp. 16-17</ref> | |||
| After the ] in 1967, Rantis has been under ]i occupation. | |||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| Line 63: | Line 65: | ||
| ==Bibliography== | ==Bibliography== | ||
| {{refbegin}} | {{refbegin}} | ||
| *{{cite book | editor =Barron, J. B. |
*{{cite book | editor =Barron, J. B.|title = Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922|url=https://archive.org/details/PalestineCensus1922 | publisher = Government of Palestine | year = 1923}} | ||
| *{{cite book|last1=Conder|first1=Claude Reignier|authorlink1=Claude Reignier Conder|last2=Kitchener|first2=H. H.|authorlink2=Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|year=1882|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp02conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology|location=London|publisher=]|volume=2}} | *{{cite book|last1=Conder|first1=Claude Reignier|authorlink1=Claude Reignier Conder|last2=Kitchener|first2=H. H.|authorlink2=Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|year=1882|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp02conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology|location=London|publisher=]|volume=2}} | ||
| *{{cite book | last= Dauphin |first = Claudine | title = La Palestine byzantine, Peuplement et Populations |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FC1mAAAAMAAJ |volume = III : Catalogue | series = BAR International Series 726 | year = 1998 | publisher = Archeopress | location = Oxford|language =French|isbn= 0-860549-05-4}} | *{{cite book | last= Dauphin |first = Claudine | title = La Palestine byzantine, Peuplement et Populations |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FC1mAAAAMAAJ |volume = III : Catalogue | series = BAR International Series 726 | year = 1998 | publisher = Archeopress | location = Oxford|language =French|isbn= 0-860549-05-4}} | ||
| Line 78: | Line 80: | ||
| *{{cite book|title= The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: L-Z (excluding Tyre)|volume =II |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Y0tA0xLzwEC|first=Denys|last=Pringle|year=1998|publisher=]|ISBN=0 521 39037 0}} | *{{cite book|title= The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: L-Z (excluding Tyre)|volume =II |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Y0tA0xLzwEC|first=Denys|last=Pringle|year=1998|publisher=]|ISBN=0 521 39037 0}} | ||
| *{{cite book|last=Rey|first=Emmanuel Guillaume |title=Les colonies franques de Syrie aux XIIme et XIIIme siècles|url=https://archive.org/details/lescoloniesfran00reygoog|year=1883|publisher=A. Picard|location=Paris|language=French}} (p. ) | *{{cite book|last=Rey|first=Emmanuel Guillaume |title=Les colonies franques de Syrie aux XIIme et XIIIme siècles|url=https://archive.org/details/lescoloniesfran00reygoog|year=1883|publisher=A. Picard|location=Paris|language=French}} (p. ) | ||
| *{{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=Edward|authorlink1=Edward Robinson (scholar)|last2=Smith|first2=Eli|authorlink2=Eli Smith|year=1841|url=https://archive.org/details/biblicalresearch03robiuoft |title=Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838| location=Boston|publisher=]|volume=3}} | |||
| *{{cite book|editor=de Rozière|title=Cartulaire de l'église du Saint Sépulchre de Jérusalem: publié d'après les manuscrits du Vatican|url=https://archive.org/details/cartulairedelgl00jergoog|year=1849|publisher=Imprimerie nationale|location=Paris|language=Latin, French}} | *{{cite book|editor=de Rozière|title=Cartulaire de l'église du Saint Sépulchre de Jérusalem: publié d'après les manuscrits du Vatican|url=https://archive.org/details/cartulairedelgl00jergoog|year=1849|publisher=Imprimerie nationale|location=Paris|language=Latin, French}} | ||
| *{{cite book|last=Röhricht|first=Reinhold |authorlink=Reinhold Röhricht|title= (RRH) Regesta regni Hierosolymitani (MXCVII-MCCXCI)|url=https://archive.org/details/regestaregnihie00rhgoog|year=1893|publisher=Libraria Academica Wageriana|location=Berlin|language=Latin}} | *{{cite book|last=Röhricht|first=Reinhold |authorlink=Reinhold Röhricht|title= (RRH) Regesta regni Hierosolymitani (MXCVII-MCCXCI)|url=https://archive.org/details/regestaregnihie00rhgoog|year=1893|publisher=Libraria Academica Wageriana|location=Berlin|language=Latin}} | ||
Revision as of 21:56, 14 November 2017
Template:Infobox Palestinian Authority municipality Rantis (Template:Lang-ar) is a Palestinian town in the West Bank, located in the northwestern Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate, 33 kilometers northwest of Ramallah. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, it had a population of 2,900 in mid-year 2006. Its population consists primarily of six clans: Danoun, Wahdan, Khallaf, Ballot, Dar Abo Salim, al-Ryahee and Hawashe.
Rantis has a land area 11,046 dunams of which 589 dunams are built-up area. The town's main economic sector is agriculture and 20% of its land area is planted with crops. There are two primary schools and two kindergartens. Other facilities include three clinics, a bus station, a club and two mosques.
Location
Rantis is located 22.2km northwest of Ramallah. It is bordered by Al Lubban al Gharbi and Abud land to the east, Al Lubban al Gharbi village land to the north, the occupied territory of 1948 to the west and Shuqba to the south.
History
In a nearby cave, flint artefacts have been found, possibly produced during the Middle Paleolithic period, occasionally by the Levallois technique.
Each of the Gospels mention this town as Arimathea once, and always in association with Joseph of Arimathea — who placed Christ's body in his own tomb. Both Eusebius and Jerome identify Arimathea with the birthplace of Samuel. In the 4th century, Jerome reported that the Holy Paula visited this location. Strong traditions from the Middle Ages buttress this claim, celebrating this town as the prophet's original home. A monastery of Joseph of Arimathea was erected there. Conflicting traditions urge Arimathea's location at modern Rantis, 15 miles east of Jaffa. Other suggestions for Arimathea include ar-Ram and al-Bireh-Ramallah, 5 and 8 miles north of Jerusalem, respectively. The SWP assumed the village was "ancient", as rock-cut tombs were found south-west of the village.
Archaeological excavation have uncovered sherds from the Iron Age and Persian era, in addition to remains of a road and a building from the Roman era. A building, probably dating to the Byzantine era has also been excavated.
Crusader era
During the Crusader era, it was known as Arimathia, Arimatie, Abarimatie, and Rantis. By 1150, the Premonstratensians were represented in Rentis with a house. In 1159-60 a church in the village was mentioned in Crusader sources.
In 1187 Rantis was conquered by Saladin, and the Crusaders were never able to return.
Ottoman era
Rantis was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire in 1517 with all of Palestine, and in 1596 it appeared in the tax registers as being in the Nahiya of Jabal Qubal of the Liwa of Nablus. It had a population of 20 households and 2 batchelors, all Muslim. The villagers paid a fixed tax-rate of 33,3 % on agricultural products, including wheat, barley, summer crops, olive trees, goats and/or beehives, and a press for olives or grapes; a total of 2,500 Akçe. In 1838, Edward Robinson noted it as a village, Rentis, in the Jurat Merda district, south of Nablus.
The French explorer Victor Guérin visited the village in 1870, and found that it had 400 inhabitants, and that it was surrounded by olives and tobacco-plantations.
In 1882 the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described Rantis as a village, principally made of adobe, on a slope, surrounded by open ground and a few olives. Water was supplied by cisterns. The SWP assumed the village was "ancient", as rock-cut tombs were found there.
British Mandate era
In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Rantis had a population of 824 inhabitants, all Muslims, increasing in the 1931 census to 954, still all Muslims, in a total of 213 houses.
In 1945, the population was 1,280, all Muslims, while the total land area was 30,933 dunams, according to an official land and population survey. Of this, 1,299 were allocated for plantations and irrigable land, 7,341 for cereals, while 30 dunams were classified as built-up areas.
1948-1967
In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Rantis came under Jordanian rule.
Israeli raid
On 28–29 January 1953 The Israeli military, estimated at 120 to 150 men, using 2-inch mortars, 3-inch mortars, P.I.A.T. (projectors, infantry, anti-tank) weapons, bangalore torpedoes (long metal tubes containing an explosive charge), machine-guns, grenades and small arms, crossed the demarcation line and attacked the Jordanian villages of Falameh and Rantis. At Falameh the mukhtar was killed, seven other villagers were wounded, and three houses were demolished. The attack lasted four and a half hours. Israel was condemned for this act by the Mixed Armistice Commission.
Post-1967
After the Six-Day War in 1967, Rantis has been under Israeli occupation. About 12% of the village land is in Area B, while the remainder 88% is in Area C. In addition, Israel has confiscated village land to be used for bypass roads for Israeli settlements. The Segregation Wall will extends for 4km on Rantis village land, and leave 1815 dunams (16.6%) of the village land behind the wall.
References
- Projected Mid -Year Population for Ramallah & Al Bireh Governorate by Locality 2004- 2006 Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
- ^ The Segregation Wall threatens the practice of territorial expansion in Rantis village Applied Research Institute - Jerusalem. 2004-06-26.
- Rantis Village Profile, ARIJ, p. 4
- Lupu et al, 2009, Rantis Cave
- Matt 27:57; Mark 15:43; Luke 23:50; John 19:38
- Armathaim, also Arimathea - (Ranthis) Studium Biblicum Francum - Jerusalem.
- Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 367
- Elisha, 2011, Rantis (Northwest)
- Elisha, 2013, Rantis, Spot Height 211
- ^ Pringle, 1998, pp. 199-200
- de Roziére, 1849, pp. 131-133; pp. 133-135. Cited in Röhricht, 1893, RHH, pp. 94-95, Nos 358, 360
- Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 136
- Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. 126
- Guérin, 1875, p. 113
- Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, pp. 286-287
- Barron, 1923, Table VII, Sub-district of Ramleh, p. 22
- Mills, 1932, p. 22.
- Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 30
- Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 68
- Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 117
- Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 167
- S/PV.630 of 27 October 1953 Report of Major General Vagn Bennike Chief of Staff of the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization
- Rantis Village Profile, ARIJ, pp. 16-17
Bibliography
- Barron, J. B., ed. (1923). Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922. Government of Palestine.
- Conder, Claude Reignier; Kitchener, H. H. (1882). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. Vol. 2. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Dauphin, Claudine (1998). La Palestine byzantine, Peuplement et Populations. BAR International Series 726 (in French). Vol. III : Catalogue. Oxford: Archeopress. ISBN 0-860549-05-4.
- Department of Statistics (1945). Village Statistics, April, 1945. Government of Palestine.
- Elisha, Yossi (2011-09-26). "Rantis (Northwest)" (123). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - Elisha, Yossi (2013-12-08). "Rantis, Spot Height 211" (125). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - Finkelstein, Israel; Lederman, Zvi, eds. (1997). Highlands of many cultures. Tel Aviv: Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University Publications Section. ISBN 965-440-007-3. (pp. 179–181)
- Guérin, Victor (1875). Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (in French). Vol. 2: Samarie, pt. 2. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale.
- Hadawi, Sami (1970). Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine. Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center.
- Hütteroth, Wolf-Dieter; Abdulfattah, Kamal (1977). Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century. Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft. ISBN 3-920405-41-2.
- Lupu, Ronit; et al. (2009-07-29). "Rantis Cave" (121). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help); Explicit use of et al. in:|first1=(help) - Mills, E., ed. (1932). Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas. Jerusalem: Government of Palestine.
- Palmer, E. H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Pringle, Denys (1998). The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: L-Z (excluding Tyre). Vol. II. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0 521 39037 0.
- Rey, Emmanuel Guillaume (1883). Les colonies franques de Syrie aux XIIme et XIIIme siècles (in French). Paris: A. Picard. (p. 414)
- Robinson, Edward; Smith, Eli (1841). Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838. Vol. 3. Boston: Crocker & Brewster.
- de Rozière, ed. (1849). Cartulaire de l'église du Saint Sépulchre de Jérusalem: publié d'après les manuscrits du Vatican (in Latin and French). Paris: Imprimerie nationale.
- Röhricht, Reinhold (1893). (RRH) Regesta regni Hierosolymitani (MXCVII-MCCXCI) (in Latin). Berlin: Libraria Academica Wageriana.
External links
- Welcome To Rantis
- Survey of Western Palestine, Map 14: IAA, Wikimedia commons
- Rantis Village (Fact Sheet), Applied Research Institute - Jerusalem (ARIJ)
- Rantis Village Profile, Applied Research Institute - Jerusalem (ARIJ)
- Rantis aerial photo, Applied Research Institute - Jerusalem (ARIJ)
- Rantis.org
