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The '''Catalan Way''' (in Catalan, ''Via Catalana''), also known as ''The Catalan Way Towards Independence'' (in Catalan, ''Via Catalana cap a la independència'') will be a 400 Km (248 Miles) human chain organized by the ] that will happen in ] on ] of 2013. It has the support of 14 entities, which collaborate with the ]. The human chain will follow the ancient ], from ] (]) up to ] (]). According to ], president of the ANC, it will be «a symbol of the unity of catalan people to achieve national sovereignty»<ref name="arajuny">{{citar notícia| url=http://www.ara.cat/politica/Cadena_humana-ANC-Catalunya_0_940706169.html|títol=De la Jonquera a Alcanar: 400 km de 'Via Catalana' cap a l'estat independent|editor=Ara|data=19 juny 2013}}</ref> | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2013}} | |||
{{Infobox civil conflict | |||
| title = Catalan Way | |||
| partof = | |||
| image = ] | |||
| caption = Catalan Way (section 235) in Via Augusta street, ] | |||
| date = 11 September 2013 | |||
| place = Catalonia | |||
| coordinates = | |||
| causes = | |||
| goals = ] | |||
| methods = ], ] | |||
| status = | |||
| result = | |||
| side1 = | |||
| side2 = | |||
| side3 = | |||
| leadfigures1 = | |||
| leadfigures2 = | |||
| leadfigures3 = | |||
| howmany1 = | |||
| howmany2 = | |||
| howmany3 = | |||
| casualties1 = | |||
| casualties2 = | |||
| casualties3 = | |||
| casualties_label = | |||
| notes = | |||
}} | |||
The Catalan Way was presented for the first time at the ] on 19 of June of 2013, with the assistance of Henn Karits and Ülo Laanoja, members of the 1989 ] organisation. <ref name="324juny">{{cita notícia|url=http://www.324.cat/noticia/2139936/catalunya/LANC-vol-que-la-cadena-humana-per-la-independencia-superi-els-400-quilometres|títol=L'ANC vol que la cadena humana per la independència superi els 400 quilòmetres|editor=324.cat|data=20 juny 2013}}</ref><ref name="arajuny" /> | |||
The '''Catalan Way''' ({{lang-ca|Via Catalana}}), also known as the '''Catalan Way towards Independence''' ({{lang-ca|Via Catalana cap a la Independència}}), was a {{convert|400|km|adj=on}} ] in support of ] from ]. It was organized by the ] (ANC), and took place in ] on 11 September 2013, which is the ].<ref name=wsj>{{cite news|last=Moffett|first=Matt|title=Catalan Separatists to Link for Independence Cause|url=https://www.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324324404579041122800860290?mg=reno64-wsj.html?dsk=y|newspaper=]|date=5 September 2013}}</ref><ref name=reuters>{{cite news|last=Toyer|first=Julien|title=Pragmatism may guide politicians as Catalonian separatism flares again|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/09/09/us-spain-catalonia-idUSBRE9880H320130909|agency=Reuters}}</ref> Catalonia's Department of the Interior estimated the number of participants at about 1.6 million.<ref>{{cite news|title=More than 1 million Catalans form human chain to promote their bid to break away from Spain|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/catalans-in-favor-of-breaking-away-from-spain-form-huge-human-chain-to-advertise-their-cause/2013/09/11/0ce45f06-1afa-11e3-80ac-96205cacb45a_story.html|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=11 September 2013|agency=Associated Press}}</ref> The protest was supported by 14 nongovernmental groups<ref name=wsj /> The human chain followed the ancient ], from ] (], ]) up to ] (], ]). According to ], president of the ANC, it was "a symbol of the unity of Catalan people to achieve national sovereignty".<ref name="arajuny">{{cite news|title=De la Jonquera a Alcanar: 400 km de 'Via Catalana' cap a l'estat independent|url=http://www.ara.cat/politica/Cadena_humana-ANC-Catalunya_0_940706169.html|accessdate=1 July 2013|language=Catalan}}</ref> | |||
== Historical Precedents == | |||
Plans for the Catalan Way were presented for the first time on 19 June 2013, at the Museu d'Història de Catalunya; the inspiration for these was the 1989 ]. The presentation included Henn Karits and Ülo Laanoja, two members of the organization which staged the ].<ref name=newscat>{{cite news|title=Hand in Hand for Catalan independence over 250 miles and 86 towns|url=http://www.newscatalonia.com/2013/06/hand-in-hand-for-catalan-independence.html|newspaper=News Catalonia|date=20 June 2013}}</ref> Three weeks before the event, more than 350,000 people had registered to participate.<ref name="afp">{{cite news|last=Bosque|first=Daniel|title=Catalans rally for vast human chain independence bid|url=http://www.foxnews.com/world/2013/09/08/catalans-rally-for-vast-human-chain-independence-bid/|date=8 September 2013|agency=AFP}}</ref><ref name=washingtonpost>{{cite news|title=Catalonia readies for large pro-independence march in Barcelona, human chain crossing region|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/catalonia-readies-for-large-pro-independence-march-in-barcelona-human-chain-crossing-region/2013/09/10/6cca1150-1a22-11e3-80ac-96205cacb45a_story.html|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=10 September 2013|agency=Associated Press}}</ref> In total, the organizers mobilized about 1,500 buses and 30,000 volunteers to help organize the event.<ref name=wsj /><ref>{{cite news|title=Human chain for Catalan independence organized|url=http://www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=117138|newspaper=World Bulletin|date=6 September 2013}}</ref> | |||
On 23 of August 1989, the ] was made by citizens from ], ] and ]. The human chain linked the three capitals of these states to claim for their independence from the ]. The three republics got independent on September 1991, after the ] on 21 August 1991. | |||
== The human chain path == | |||
] took place the next year. | |||
The human chain will follow the ] and will cross the following 86 towns and municipalities (sorted from North to South): ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ] and ].<ref name="vwjuny">{{cita notícia|url=http://www.vilaweb.cat/noticia/4126953/20130619/recorregut-cadena-humana-lonze-setembre-public.html|títol= El recorregut de la cadena humana de l'Onze de Setembre ja és públic|editor=Vilaweb|data=19 juny 2013}}</ref> | |||
In ] it will go through several main streets, such as ], ] and ]. <ref name="vwjuny"/><ref name="viacat">{{citar web|url=http://via.assemblea.cat/via-catalana.html|títol=Via Catalana - Recorregut|editor=Assemblea Nacional de Catalunya}}</ref>.<ref name="324juny" /> | |||
==References== | |||
== Historical precedents == | |||
{{Reflist}} | |||
] (Catalan pro-independence flag) in the ]]] | |||
On 23 August 1989, the ] was organized by the people of ], ] and ].<ref name=wsj /> This human chain linked the capitals of the three countries in favour of their independence from the ].<ref name="wsj" /> The three republics became independent in August 1991, after the ] on 21 August 1991. According to the Baltic Way's manifesto, "A common European home can only set up if all European nations are granted a free right to ]".<ref name="acn">{{cite web|title=Pro-independence supporters prepare a 400 km-long human chain on Catalonia’s National Day|url=http://www.catalannewsagency.com/politics/item/pro-independence-supporters-prepare-a-400-km-long-human-chain-on-catalonia-s-national-day|work=Catalan News Agency|date=23 August 2013|language=}}</ref> | |||
== See also == | |||
The ] was a demonstration held in central ] on 10 July 2010 against the limits set to the autonomy of Catalonia within Spain, and particularly against a then recent decision of the ] to annul or reinterpret several articles of the 2006 ], approved in referendum by 73.9% of the voters.<ref name="bbc1">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/10588494.stm |title=Catalan protesters rally for greater autonomy in Spain |agency=BBC News |date=10 July 2010 |accessdate=17 September 2012}}</ref> The number of people taking part in the demonstration was estimated at between 1.1 million (according to the local police) and 1.5 million (according to the organisers)<ref name="EPDC">{{Cite news | title = La manifestació ha desbordat totes les previsions | url = http://www.elperiodico.cat/ca/noticias/politica/20100710/1100000-persones-assisteixen-marxa-protesta-per-sentencia/379832.shtml | newspaper = El Periódico de Catalunya | date = 10 July 2010 | postscript = <!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}} | access-date = 25 August 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120304064528/http://www.elperiodico.cat/ca/noticias/politica/20100710/1100000-persones-assisteixen-marxa-protesta-per-sentencia/379832.shtml# | archive-date = 4 March 2012 | dead-url = yes | df = dmy-all }}. {{ca icon}}</ref><ref name="LV">{{Cite news | title =Un millón de personas inundan Barcelona en una histórica manifestación de rechazo a la sentencia contra el Estatut | url = http://www.lavanguardia.es/politica/noticias/20100710/53961206706/un-millon-de-personas-inundan-barcelona-en-una-historica-manifestacion--de-rechazo-a-la-sentencia-co.html | newspaper = La Vanguardia | date = 10 July 2010 | postscript =<!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}}}}</ref> ]-based newspaper '']'' estimated the number of demonstrators at 425,000.<ref> {{es icon}}</ref> | |||
* ] | |||
== External links== | |||
Catalonia saw ] take place in hundreds of villages between 13 September 2009 and April 2011, with an overwhelming number of "yes" votes being cast. | |||
* {{oficial|http://via.assemblea.cat/}} | |||
The ], organized by the ], argued that Catalonia should become an independent state within the European Union, under the slogan "Catalonia, new state in Europe".<ref name="afp" /> The number of participants was estimated at about 1.5 million according to ] and Catalonia's Department of the Interior,<ref name="welt">{{cite news|title=400 Kilometer Menschenkette für die Unabhängigkeit|url=https://www.welt.de/politik/ausland/article119895691/400-Kilometer-Menschenkette-fuer-die-Unabhaengigkeit.html|newspaper=Die Welt|date=11 September 2013|language=German}}</ref> about 2 million according to the organizers, and about 600,000 according to the delegation of the ] in Catalonia.<ref name="elpais">{{cite news |title=El independentismo catalán logra una histórica exhibición de fuerza |first=Àngels |last=Piñol |url=http://ccaa.elpais.com/ccaa/2012/09/11/catalunya/1347375808_419590.html |agency=El País |location=Barcelona |date=11 September 2012 |language=Spanish |accessdate=12 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Diada.- El Govern central xifra l'assistència en 600.000 persones |url=http://www.europapress.cat/politica/noticia-diada-govern-central-xifra-lassistencia-600000-persones-20120911210226.html |agency=Europa Press |location=Barcelona |date=11 September 2012 |language=Catalan |accessdate=13 September 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102142454/http://www.europapress.cat/politica/noticia-diada-govern-central-xifra-lassistencia-600000-persones-20120911210226.html# |archive-date=2 November 2012 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=La delegació del govern espanyol a Catalunya xifra en 600.000 els assistents a la manifestació de la Diada |url=http://www.acn.cat/acn/683844/Noticia/text/Noticia.html |agency=Agència Catalana de Notícies |location=Madrid |date=11 September 2012 |language=Catalan |accessdate=13 September 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140913123630/http://www.acn.cat/acn/683844/Noticia/text/Noticia.html |archivedate=13 September 2014 |df=dmy }}</ref> {{Clear}} | |||
* official web site | |||
== Pre-Catalan Way activities == | |||
<div style="float:right; margin:0 0 10 10 px;"> | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="width:320px;" | |||
|+ Support of the political parties to the 2012 demonstration and to the Catalan Way | |||
|- | |||
! Political Party || 2012 || 2013 | |||
|- | |||
| ]/] (CDC) || Yes || Yes | |||
|- | |||
| ]/] (UDC) || Yes || No | |||
|- | |||
| ] (ERC) || Yes || Yes | |||
|- | |||
| ] (PSC) || No || No | |||
|- | |||
| ] (PP) || No || No | |||
|- | |||
| ] (ICV-EUiA) || Yes || No | |||
|- | |||
| ] (C's) || No || No | |||
|- | |||
| ] (CUP) || No (supported an alternative demonstration the same day) || Yes | |||
|} | |||
</div> | |||
=== Registration and previous acts === | |||
The Catalan Way was presented for the first time on 19 June 2013, at the Museu d'Història de Catalunya. The presentation included Henn Karits and Ülo Laanoja, two members of the organization which staged the Baltic Way.<ref name=newscat /> | |||
On 4 July, the National Catalan Assembly (ANC) opened the registering period through its website. More than 22,000 people were registered during the first 24 hours and over 78,000 the first week.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vilaweb.cat/noticia/4133120/20130711/78000-inscrits-via-catalana-setmana.html|title=Més de 78.000 inscrits a la Via Catalana en una setmana|publisher=VilaWeb|accessdate=11 July 2013|language=Catalan}}</ref> On 12 July, after nine days the registration started, more than 100,000 participants signed in for the Catalan Way.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vilaweb.cat/noticia/4133472/20130712/cent-mil-inscrits-via-catalana.html|title=Ja hi ha més de cent mil inscrits a la Via Catalana|publisher=VilaWeb|accessdate=12 July 2013}}</ref> On 30 July, it reached 250,000 registrations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cadenaser.com/catalunya/articulo/250000-inscritos-cadena-humana-independentista-diada/csrcsrpor/20130730csrcsrcat_5/Tes|publisher=Cadena SER. EFE|accessdate=11 July 2013|language=Spanish|title=250.000 inscritos para la cadena humana independentista de la Diada}}</ref> Three weeks before the event, more than 350,000 people had already signed in.<ref name=afp/><ref name=washingtonpost /> However, the organizers admitted having problems for covering the southern areas of Catalonia.<ref>{{cite web|title=L'ANC avisa que tothom que participi en la Via Catalana serà comptat com a independentista|publisher=El Periódico de Catalunya|accessdate=19 August 2013|url=http://www.elperiodico.cat/ca/noticias/politica/anc-avisa-todo-participe-via-catalana-sera-contado-independentista-2587000|language=Catalan}}</ref> On 2 September, no section of the Catalan Way was left with low occupancy, ensuring the success of the human chain.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vilaweb.cat/noticia/4141524/20130902/queda-cap-tram-via-catalana-baixa-ocupacio.html|title=Ja no queda cap tram de la Via Catalana amb baixa ocupació|publisher=VilaWeb|accessdate=2 September 2013|language=Catalan}}</ref> | |||
During the summer, some practice runs of the Catalan Way took place in several cities around Catalonia,<ref name=wsj /> such as ] i ], ], ], ] and ].<ref>{{cite web|title=Més de 22.000 inscrits en 24 hores per a la cadena humana de l'11-S|publisher=Ara|accessdate=5 July 2013|url=http://www.ara.cat/politica/Mes-inscrits-cadena-humana-l11-S_0_950305252.html|language=Catalan}}</ref> | |||
=== Response of the political parties === | |||
] (CDC), ] (ERC) and ] (CUP) | |||
expressed their support and participation in the Catalan Way, while ] (PSC), ] (PP) and ] opposed.<ref>{{cite news|title=The majority of Catalan parties propose an independence vote in 2014 the day after the human chain|url=http://www.catalannewsagency.com/politics/item/the-majority-of-catalan-parties-propose-an-independence-vote-in-2014-the-day-after-the-human-chain|date=12 September 2013|agency=Catalan News Agency}}</ref> ] (ICV) asked their activists to join the human chain organized by ] to surround ] the same day.<ref>{{cite news|last=Fornell|first=Ramon|title=Anti-capitalist independence for Catalonia|url=http://www.demotix.com/news/2648071/anti-capitalist-independence-catalonia#media-2648217|newspaper=Demotix.com|date=11 September 2013|access-date=13 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702051329/http://www.demotix.com/news/2648071/anti-capitalist-independence-catalonia#media-2648217#media-2648217|archive-date=2 July 2015|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}</ref> | |||
], ] and ], ], decided not to participate for "institutional reasons", although they encouraged the people to participate in the Catalan Way and announced that they would meet with the organizers of the human chain on the same 11 September.<ref name=wsj /><ref name=afp /> | |||
== Chain's path == | |||
]]] | |||
=== In Catalonia === | |||
] (])]] | |||
The human chain followed the old ], crossing the following 86 towns and municipalities (sorted from North to South):<ref name=wsj /> ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ] and ].<ref name=vwjuny>{{cite web|title=El recorregut de la cadena humana de l'Onze de Setembre ja és públic|url=http://www.vilaweb.cat/noticia/4126953/20130619/recorregut-cadena-humana-lonze-setembre-public.html|publisher=vilaweb|accessdate=1 July 2013|language=Catalan}}</ref> | |||
In ], the path ran along several main streets, such as ], ] and ].<ref>{{cite news|title=La Via Catalana passarà pels punts més emblemàtics de Barcelona|url=http://www.btv.cat/btvnoticies/2013/06/19/via-catalana-a-barcelona-11-de-setembre-2013/|date=19 June 2013|agency=Barcelona TV}}</ref> | |||
=== Branches out of Catalonia === | |||
Two extensions of the Catalan Way, one up to ], France, and the other one down to ], ], were made. The ] ANC territorial assembly was responsible to extend the Catalan Way from Pertús to ], and several civic and political Valencian organizations, coordinated by ], prepared an extension from ].<ref>{{cite news|title=Catalan Way Wins in Valencian Court|url=http://www.helpcatalonia.cat/2013/09/catalan-way-wins-in-valencian-court.html|newspaper=Help Catalonia|date=11 September 2013|access-date=13 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102200047/http://www.helpcatalonia.cat/2013/09/catalan-way-wins-in-valencian-court.html#|archive-date=2 January 2014|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}</ref> | |||
=== International Catalan Way === | |||
The ], in collaboration with the Catalan Communities Abroad and Catalans al Món, organized more than 116 Catalan Ways carried out mainly between 1 August and 11 September 2013 in major cities around the world "to support the democratic independence process of Catalonia". More than 8,000 Catalans and supporters of Catalonia's independence participated in the International Catalan Way.<ref>{{cite news|title=Catalans Around the World Claim Independence from Spain|url=http://globalvoicesonline.org/2013/09/11/catalans-around-the-world-claim-independence-from-spain/|date=11 September 2013|agency=Global Voices}}</ref> | |||
* ]: ], ] and ] (]), ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ] and ] (]), ], ], ] and ] (]), ] (]), ] (]), ] (]), ] (]), ] and ] (]), ], ], ], ] and ] (]), ], Rio de Janeiro and ] (]), ] (]), ] (]), ] (]) and ] (]). | |||
* ]: ] (]), ] (]), ], ] and ] (]), ], ], ], ], ] and ] (]), ] (]), ] (]), ] (]), ] and ] (]), ] (]), ] and ] (]), ], ] and ] (]), ] and ] (]), ] (]), ] (]), ] (]), ], ] and ] (]), ] (]), ], Paris-], ] and ] (]), ] (]), ] (]), ], ] and ] (]), ] (]), ] (]) and ] (]). | |||
* ]: ] (]), ] (]) and ] (]). | |||
* ]: ] (]), ] (]), ] (]), ] (]), ], ], ], ] and ] (]), ] and ] (]), ] (]) and ] (]). | |||
* ]: ] and ] (]), ], ], ] and ] (]) | |||
<gallery mode=packed-hover> | |||
File:20130830 ViaCatalanaLisboa 05.JPG|Previous Catalan Way in ], on 30 August | |||
File:Via Catalana à Paris.jpg|Previous Catalan Way in Paris, on 2 September | |||
File:Catalan Way in Stockholm 3.jpg|Previous Catalan Way in ], on 31 August | |||
File:Holding Hands for Catalan Independence NYC 2.jpg|Pro-independence protest in ], New York City, on 31 August | |||
</gallery> | |||
== Consequences == | |||
=== Reactions against === | |||
Initially, 12-O Moviment Cívic called for a demonstration in the ] square to circle around this monument, show their support for the "unity of Spain" and "break the pro-independence chain".<ref>{{cite news|title=Movimiento Cívico 12-O replicará a la Vía Catalana con un acto en la Sagrada Familia|url=http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20130819/54379551745/movimiento-civico-12-o-via-catalana-sagrada-familia.html|newspaper=La Vanguardia|date=19 August 2013|language=Spanish}}</ref> However, the ] ruled that this demonstration could not be at the same time of the human chain, both in time and in place, for security reasons.<ref>{{cite news|title=Interior autoriza el acto del Movimiento 12-O de la Diada pero prohíbe que coincida con la cadena|url=http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20130905/54381061029/movimiento-12-o-debera-cambiar-hora-lugar-acto-diada.html|newspaper=La Vanguardia|date=5 September 2013|language=Spanish}}</ref> This, together with the limited support of the anti-independence political parties, led the organizers to call off the event and invited unionist Catholics to go to the Temple to pray and postponed an answer to the Catalan Way on 12 October, the '']''.<ref>{{cite news|title=El 12-O desconvoca la concentració a la Sagrada Família, però crida a anar-hi "a resar"|url=http://www.324.cat/noticia/2169873/politica/El-12-O-desconvoca-la-concentracio-a-la-Sagrada-Familia-pero-crida-a-anar-hi-a-resar|date=10 September 2013|agency=324.cat|language=Catalan}}</ref> | |||
Fifteen far-right people holding pre-constitutional, ], ] flags assaulted the official ceremony of the Catalan National Day in the Catalan Government Centre in Madrid.<ref>{{cite news|title=Un grupo ultraderechista boicotea el acto de la Generalitat en Madrid por la Diada|url=http://politica.elpais.com/politica/2013/09/11/actualidad/1378923656_383702.html|newspaper=El País|date=11 September 2013}}</ref> They attacked those present, including the MP ], caused damage to furniture and threw ], shouting "''No nos engañan, Cataluña es España''" ("They don't deceive us, Catalonia is Spain").<ref>{{cite news|title=Un grup d'extrema dreta irromp a la seu de la Generalitat a Madrid per boicotejar l'acte de la Diada|url=http://www.ara.cat/viacatalana/dextrema-Generalitat-Madrid-boicotejar-Diada_0_991101136.html|newspaper=Ara|date=12 September 2013|language=Catalan}}</ref> Medical services treated a person with ], another for bruising, and a third for eye ]. Among the wounded there were elderly people and a five-year-old girl.<ref>{{cite news|title=Doce detenidos tras el ataque ultraderechista contra la sede de la Generalitat en Madrid|url=http://www.eldiario.es/politica/Once-detenidos-ultraderechista-Generalitat-Madrid_0_174633298.html|newspaper=Europa Press/Eldiario.es|date=12 September 2013}}</ref> | |||
=== Political consequences === | |||
The Catalan National Assembly claimed that the day after the Catalan Way the Catalan government should set the date and the question of self-determination referendum in Catalonia, that "should be able to answer with a yes or no".<ref>{{cite news|title=La ANC quiere una fecha para la consulta el día después de la cadena humana|url=http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2013/08/23/barcelona/1377253061.html|newspaper=El Mundo|date=23 August 2013|language=Spanish}}</ref> The Minister of the Presidency and spokesman of the Government of Catalonia Francesc Homs said the day after the Catalan way that "before the end of the year there should be a date and a question".<ref>{{cite news|title=Homs: "Abans de final d'any hi ha d'haver una data i una pregunta"|url=http://www.elpuntavui.cat/noticia/article/3-politica/17-politica/676877-homs-abans-de-final-dany-hi-ha-dhaver-una-data-i-una-pregunta.html|newspaper=El Punt Avui|date=12 September 2013|language=Catalan}}</ref> | |||
The ], ], said the day after that the executive had an obligation "to listen to all Spaniards", both "the people coming out" and the "silent majority" that "stay at home", who also "entitled" to ensure "for their freedoms and their views".<ref>{{cite news|title=Santamaría apela a escuchar también a las 'mayorías silenciosas' tras la Diada|url=http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2013/09/12/espana/1378972792.html?a=a72d111f5058c94feeb073c145e3451b&t=1378974112&numero=|newspaper=El Mundo|date=12 September 2013|language=Spanish}}</ref> For its part, the Spain's Minister of Foreign Affairs ], admitted that the Catalan Way was a "success of call, organization, logistics and communication", although he said that Spain would never accept a referendum agreed with Catalonia.<ref>{{cite news|title=Margallo admet que la Via Catalana va ser un èxit de convocatòria|url=http://www.elpuntavui.cat/noticia/article/3-politica/17-politica/676996-margallo-admet-que-la-via-catalana-va-ser-un-exit-de-convocatoria.html|newspaper=El Punt Avui|date=12 September 2013|language=Catalan}}</ref> | |||
=== International reaction === | |||
] spokesmen showed "great respect" for the Catalan Way and said they were "aware of its importance", although they recalled that the EU executive "can not interfere" in the internal affairs of member states.<ref>{{cite news|title=La CE mostra "gran respecte" per la Via Catalana i "és conscient de la seva importància"|url=http://www.acn.cat/acn/725120/Noticia/text/Noticia.html|date=11 September 2013|agency=ACN}}</ref> | |||
]'s PM ] said it would recognize ] as independent state, if declared in a legitimate process. Mr. Dombrovskis said: "If there is a clear will of the people and need for a referendum, we need to take that into account and seek means to make it real" "Provided there is legitimacy of the process, I would say, theoretically, why not?". Latvia, however, considers the question an internal matter of Spain and PM's press secretary latter said that PM had tried to remain neutral instead of showing support to the Catalan cause.<ref>{{cite news|title=Catalonians praise Latvian PM for his support|url=http://bnn-news.com/catalonians-praise-latvian-pm-support-102978|newspaper=Baltic News Network|date=13 September 2013}}</ref> Spanish government reacted asking to call the Latvian ambassador in Madrid to explain the prime minister's statements.<ref>{{cite news|title=Spain demands explanation from Latvia of Catalonia comment|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/09/13/us-spain-latvia-catalonia-idUSBRE98C0WS20130913|date=13 September 2013|agency=Reuters}}</ref> | |||
On 14 September ]'s PM ] said about Catalonia: "Each country must find its own path and has the right to ]. I welcome all peaceful ways of expressing solidarity and self-determination". He also said he was "very pleased" that the Lithuanian example "inspire" the Catalan independence clamor.<ref>{{cite news|title=El primer ministre lituà: "Cada país ha de trobar el seu propi camí i té dret a l'autodeterminació"|url=http://www.ara.cat/politica/ministre-litua-trobar-propi-lautodeterminacio_0_992900923.html|date=14 September 2013|agency=Catalan News Agency}}</ref> | |||
After the pressure of Spanish diplomacy,<ref>, VilaWeb</ref><ref>, ACN</ref><ref>, Catalan News Agency</ref><ref>, Reuters</ref> Lithuania's Foreign Ministry posted a statement expressing "concern over the tendentious and erroneous interpretation" by the Spanish press over the Lithuanian position. The statement said, "The Soviet occupation of the Baltic nations cannot be compared with the situation in Spain. Spain is the democratic country, a member of the European Union, our close partner in the EU and NATO." It said all domestic matters in Spain "should be resolved according to democratic and legal measures that exist within the country, respecting the Constitution.".<ref>{{cite news|title=Almunia Says Catalonia Would Need to Leave EU if it Secedes From Spain comment|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323527004579079031402636014?mod=WSJ_article_comments#articleTabs%3Darticle|date=16 September 2013|agency=Wall Street Journal}}</ref> | |||
==Following years== | |||
The Catalan Way was followed in the succeeding years by the ], the ] (2015) and ] (2016). | |||
== Gallery == | |||
<gallery mode=packed-hover> | |||
File:Via Catalana a Sant Carles de la Ràpita (Tram 32).jpg|Catalan Way in ] | |||
File:ViaCatalana 11s2013 Amposta Tram49.jpg|Catalan Way in ] | |||
File:Tram 235 de la via catalana per la independència (section 235 of the Catalan Way towards independence).JPG|Catalan Way in ] | |||
File:Camp Nou - Via Catalana - abans de l'hora P1200403.jpg|Catalan Way at the ] | |||
File:Via Catalana al Parlament.jpg|Catalan Way at the ] | |||
File:Via Catalana, tram 765.jpg|Catalan Way on Colom Avenue, Barcelona | |||
File:Via Catalana - Tram 419.jpg|Catalan Way in ] | |||
File:Via catalana - Tram 523 (Palafolls) - Hores prèvies - 1.jpg|Catalan Way in ] | |||
File:Via Catalana tram 650 - cadena 2.JPG|Catalan Way in ] | |||
File:Via Catalana al Tram 686 (Pont de Molins) 3.JPG|Catalan Way in ] | |||
File:Via Catalana per la independencia Figueres 2013 (4).JPG|Catalan Way in ] | |||
</gallery> | |||
{{Portal|Catalonia}} | |||
== References == | |||
{{Reflist|30em}} | |||
== Further reading == | |||
* {{Cite book|title=What's up with Catalonia?|url=http://files.cataloniapress.com/files/WhatsupCATcc.pdf|location=Ashfield, Massachusetts, USA|publisher=Catalonia Press|year=2013|isbn=978-1-61150-032-5|last=Castro|first=Liz, ed.|authorlink=Elizabeth Castro}} | |||
== External links == | |||
{{commons category|Catalan Way}} | |||
* official web site {{ca icon}} {{en icon}} {{fr icon}} {{es icon}} | |||
* {{en icon}} | |||
* {{ca icon}}, English subtitles | |||
* | |||
{{Catalan nationalism}} | |||
{{World protests in 21st century}} | |||
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Revision as of 07:01, 14 February 2019
The Catalan Way (in Catalan, Via Catalana), also known as The Catalan Way Towards Independence (in Catalan, Via Catalana cap a la independència) will be a 400 Km (248 Miles) human chain organized by the ANC that will happen in Catalonia on Onze de Setembre of 2013. It has the support of 14 entities, which collaborate with the ElClauer.cat. The human chain will follow the ancient Via Augusta, from El Pertús (Vallespir) up to Alcanar (Montsià). According to Carme Forcadell, president of the ANC, it will be «a symbol of the unity of catalan people to achieve national sovereignty»
The Catalan Way was presented for the first time at the Museu d'Història de Catalunya on 19 of June of 2013, with the assistance of Henn Karits and Ülo Laanoja, members of the 1989 Baltic Way organisation.
Historical Precedents
On 23 of August 1989, the Baltic Way was made by citizens from Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. The human chain linked the three capitals of these states to claim for their independence from the Soviet Union. The three republics got independent on September 1991, after the Moscow coup d'état attempt on 21 August 1991.
The human chain path
The human chain will follow the Via Augusta and will cross the following 86 towns and municipalities (sorted from North to South): El Pertús, la Jonquera, Pont de Molins, Figueres, Santa Llogaia d'Àlguema, Bàscara, Orriols, Sarrià de Ter, Sant Julià de Ramis, Girona, Fornells de la Selva, Riudellots de la Selva, Tordera, Pineda de Mar, Calella, Sant Pol de Mar, Canet de Mar, Arenys de Mar, Caldes d'Estrac, Sant Andreu de Llavaneres, Mataró, Vilassar de Mar, Premià de Mar, El Masnou, Montgat, Badalona, Sant Adrià de Besòs, Barcelona, l'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Esplugues de Llobregat, Sant Just Desvern, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Molins de Rei, Sant Vicenç dels Horts, Cervelló, Vallirana, Ordal, Cantallops, Sant Cugat Sesgarrigues, Olèrdola, Vilafranca del Penedès, Santa Margarida i els Monjos, la Ràpita, Castellet i la Gornal, Bellvei, l'Arboç, Coma-ruga, Creixell, Clarà, Torredembarra, Altafulla, Tarragona, Reus, Riudoms, Montbrió del Camp, Mont-roig del Camp, L'Hospitalet de l'Infant, l'Ametlla de Mar, El Perelló, l'Ampolla, Camarles, l'Aldea, Amposta, Sant Carles de la Ràpita and Alcanar. In Barcelona it will go through several main streets, such as avinguda Diagonal, plaça de Sant Jaume and Eixample. .
References
- ^ Ara (ed.). http://www.ara.cat/politica/Cadena_humana-ANC-Catalunya_0_940706169.html.
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- Assemblea Nacional de Catalunya (ed.). http://via.assemblea.cat/via-catalana.html.
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See also
External links
- Template:Oficial
- Mapa del recorregut official web site