| Revision as of 03:29, 12 June 2006 editBeastie Bot (talk | contribs)4,575 edits syntax of status; trend=down; +IUCN reference← Previous edit | Revision as of 06:50, 30 November 2006 edit undoDysmorodrepanis~enwiki (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Pending changes reviewers75,259 editsm systematics, refNext edit → | ||
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| {{Taxobox | {{Taxobox | ||
| | color = pink | | color = pink | ||
| | name = Sanford's Fish |
| name = Sanford's Fish-eagle | ||
| | status = VU | | status = VU | ||
| | trend = down | | trend = down | ||
| Line 7: | Line 7: | ||
| | phylum = ] | | phylum = ] | ||
| | classis = ] | | classis = ] | ||
| | ordo = ] | | ordo = ] | ||
| | familia = ] | | familia = ] | ||
| | genus = '']'' | | genus = '']'' | ||
| | species = '''''H. sanfordi''''' | | species = '''''H. sanfordi''''' | ||
| | binomial = ''Haliaeetus sanfordi'' | | binomial = ''Haliaeetus sanfordi'' | ||
| | binomial_authority = ], 1935 | | binomial_authority = ], ] | ||
| }} | }} | ||
| The '''Sanford's Fish |
The '''Sanford's Fish-eagle''' (''Haliaeetus sanfordi'') sometimes listed as '''Sanford's Sea-eagle''', or '''Solomon Eagle''' is endemic to the ]. The "sea-eagle" temrinollogy is to be preferred, to distinguish the species of ''Haliaetus'' from the closely related ''Ichthyophaga'' true fish eagles. | ||
| ==Description== | ==Description== | ||
| The Sanford's Fish |
The Sanford's Fish-eagle was discovered by and named after Dr. Leonard Sanford, a trustee for the ]. The first description was by Professor Ernst Mayr in 1935. It can reach a length between 64 to 90 cm and a weight between 2.3 to 2.5 kg. The wingspan is between 165 and 185 cm. It is the only large predator on the Solomon Islands and the only ] species which prey in the rainforest. The eagles inhabitated coastal forests in an altitude of about 1350 m asl. | ||
| The plumage is whitish brown to bright brown on the head and the neck. The underparts are tinged from brown to reddish brown and dark brown. The upperparts are coloured from darkish brown to gray black. The eyes are bright brown. | The plumage is whitish brown to bright brown on the head and the neck. The underparts are tinged from brown to reddish brown and dark brown. The upperparts are coloured from darkish brown to gray black. The eyes are bright brown. Uniquely among sea-eagles, this species has an entirely dark tail throughout its life. | ||
| The breeding season is from August to October. The nest consists of two eggs. | The breeding season is from August to October. The nest consists of two eggs. | ||
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| The diet consists of flying foxes, fishes, molluscs, crabs, tortoises, and sea snakes. | The diet consists of flying foxes, fishes, molluscs, crabs, tortoises, and sea snakes. | ||
| It forms a ] with the ]. Like in other sea eagle species pairs, the other ] is white-headed. These two are ]ally very close it seems; their lineages separated not longer ago than 1 ], probably only in the ], a few 100.000 years ago (Wink ''et al.'', 1996<ref> | |||
| ==Miscellanea== | |||
| Note that the author's reservation about the fast rate of molecular evolution have proven well justified; the 2% per 4 million years seem if anything an overestimate. In addition, as the provenance of specimens is not noted, genetic ] due to ]zation cannot be excluded, as the species' ranges touch. This is unlikely due to marked differences in behavior and habitat preferences however.</ref>). | |||
| Both share the dark bill, talons, and eyes with the other ]n sea-eagles. | |||
| This eagle is often illustrated on postage stamps of the Solomon Islands. | This eagle is often illustrated on postage stamps of the Solomon Islands. | ||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| * {{IUCN2006|assessors=BirdLife International|year=2004|id=9651|title=Haliaeetus sanfordi|downloaded=06 May 2006}} Database entry includes justification for why this species is vulnerable | * {{IUCN2006|assessors='''BirdLife International'''|year=2004|id=9651|title=Haliaeetus sanfordi|downloaded=06 May 2006}} Database entry includes justification for why this species is vulnerable | ||
| * '''Wink''', M.; Heidrich, P. & Fentzloff, C. (1996): A mtDNA phylogeny of sea eagles (genus ''Haliaeetus'') based on nucleotide sequences of the cytochrome ''b'' gene. ''Biochemical Systematics and Ecology'' '''24''': 783-791. {{DOI|10.1016/S0305-1978(96)00049-X}} | |||
| ⚫ | ==External links== | ||
| ===Footnotes=== | |||
| <references/> | |||
| ⚫ | ==External links== | ||
| * | * | ||
| ⚫ | {{bird-stub}} | ||
| ⚫ | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | |||
| ⚫ | ] | ||
| ⚫ | {{bird-stub}} | ||
Revision as of 06:50, 30 November 2006
| Sanford's Fish-eagle | |
|---|---|
| Conservation status | |
| Vulnerable | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Falconiformes |
| Family: | Accipitridae |
| Genus: | Haliaeetus |
| Species: | H. sanfordi |
| Binomial name | |
| Haliaeetus sanfordi Mayr, 1935 | |
The Sanford's Fish-eagle (Haliaeetus sanfordi) sometimes listed as Sanford's Sea-eagle, or Solomon Eagle is endemic to the Solomon Islands. The "sea-eagle" temrinollogy is to be preferred, to distinguish the species of Haliaetus from the closely related Ichthyophaga true fish eagles.
Description
The Sanford's Fish-eagle was discovered by and named after Dr. Leonard Sanford, a trustee for the American Museum of Natural History. The first description was by Professor Ernst Mayr in 1935. It can reach a length between 64 to 90 cm and a weight between 2.3 to 2.5 kg. The wingspan is between 165 and 185 cm. It is the only large predator on the Solomon Islands and the only sea eagle species which prey in the rainforest. The eagles inhabitated coastal forests in an altitude of about 1350 m asl.
The plumage is whitish brown to bright brown on the head and the neck. The underparts are tinged from brown to reddish brown and dark brown. The upperparts are coloured from darkish brown to gray black. The eyes are bright brown. Uniquely among sea-eagles, this species has an entirely dark tail throughout its life.
The breeding season is from August to October. The nest consists of two eggs.
The diet consists of flying foxes, fishes, molluscs, crabs, tortoises, and sea snakes.
It forms a superspecies with the White-bellied Sea-eagle. Like in other sea eagle species pairs, the other taxon is white-headed. These two are genetically very close it seems; their lineages separated not longer ago than 1 mya, probably only in the Middle Pleistocene, a few 100.000 years ago (Wink et al., 1996). Both share the dark bill, talons, and eyes with the other Gondwanan sea-eagles.
This eagle is often illustrated on postage stamps of the Solomon Islands.
References
- Template:IUCN2006 Database entry includes justification for why this species is vulnerable
- Wink, M.; Heidrich, P. & Fentzloff, C. (1996): A mtDNA phylogeny of sea eagles (genus Haliaeetus) based on nucleotide sequences of the cytochrome b gene. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 24: 783-791. doi:10.1016/S0305-1978(96)00049-X PDF fulltext
Footnotes
- Note that the author's reservation about the fast rate of molecular evolution have proven well justified; the 2% per 4 million years seem if anything an overestimate. In addition, as the provenance of specimens is not noted, genetic introgression due to hybridzation cannot be excluded, as the species' ranges touch. This is unlikely due to marked differences in behavior and habitat preferences however.
External links
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