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| {{short description|Demonetised unit of currency that was worth one two-hundredth of a pound sterling}} | {{short description|Demonetised unit of currency that was worth one two-hundredth of a pound sterling}} | ||
| {{about|the British decimal coin|the British soap actress|Jill Halfpenny}} | |||
| {{for|the pre-decimal halfpenny coin|Halfpenny (British pre-decimal coin)}} | {{for|the pre-decimal halfpenny coin|Halfpenny (British pre-decimal coin)}} | ||
| {{ref improve|date=December 2015}} | {{ref improve|date=December 2015}} | ||
| {{Infobox Coin |
{{Infobox Coin | ||
| | Country = United Kingdom |
| Country = United Kingdom | ||
| | Denomination = Halfpenny | | Denomination = Halfpenny | ||
| | Value = 0.005 | | Value = 0.005 | ||
| | Unit = ] | | Unit = ] | ||
| | Mass = 1.78 |
| Mass = 1.78 | ||
| | Diameter = 17.14 | | Diameter = 17.14 | ||
| | Thickness = 1 | | Thickness = 1 | ||
| | Edge = plain | | Edge = plain | ||
| | Composition = ] |
| Composition = ] | ||
| | Years of Minting = 1971–1984 |
| Years of Minting = 1971–1984 | ||
| | Catalog Number = | | Catalog Number = | ||
| | Obverse = File:British_halfpenny_coin_1971_obverse.png | | Obverse = File:British_halfpenny_coin_1971_obverse.png | ||
| | Obverse Design = ] |
| Obverse Design = ] | ||
| | Obverse Designer = ] |
| Obverse Designer = ] | ||
| | Obverse Design Date = 1971 |
| Obverse Design Date = 1971 | ||
| | Reverse = File:British_halfpenny_coin_1971_reverse.png | | Reverse = File:British_halfpenny_coin_1971_reverse.png | ||
| | Reverse Design = ] | | Reverse Design = ] | ||
| | Reverse Designer = ] |
| Reverse Designer = ] | ||
| | Reverse Design Date = 1971 |
| Reverse Design Date = 1971 | ||
| |}} | |}} | ||
| The ] decimal '''halfpenny''' ('''{{sfrac|1|2}}p''') coin was introduced in February 1971, at the time of ], and was worth one two-hundredth of a pound sterling. It was ignored in banking transactions, which were carried out in units of 1p. | The ] decimal '''halfpenny''' ('''{{sfrac|1|2}}p''') coin was introduced in February 1971, at the time of ], and was worth one two-hundredth of a pound sterling. It was ignored in banking transactions, which were carried out in units of 1p. | ||
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| ==Proposed quarter penny coin== | ==Proposed quarter penny coin== | ||
| A decimal quarter-penny coin (to be struck in ]) was also proposed (which would have allowed the pre-decimal ] to continue to circulate with a value of {{sfrac|1|1|4}} new pence), but was never produced.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tclayton.demon.co.uk/dec.html|title=The Change to Decimal Coinage|author=Tony Clayton|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080329024627/http://www.tclayton.demon.co.uk/dec.html|archive-date=2008-03-29|access-date=2008-04-13}}</ref> | A decimal quarter-penny coin (to be struck in ]) was also proposed (which would have allowed the pre-decimal ] to continue to circulate with a value of {{sfrac|1|1|4}} new pence), but was never produced.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tclayton.demon.co.uk/dec.html|title=The Change to Decimal Coinage|author=Tony Clayton|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080329024627/http://www.tclayton.demon.co.uk/dec.html|archive-date=2008-03-29|access-date=2008-04-13}}</ref> | ||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Revision as of 05:34, 30 March 2020
Demonetised unit of currency that was worth one two-hundredth of a pound sterling For the pre-decimal halfpenny coin, see Halfpenny (British pre-decimal coin). | This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Halfpenny" British decimal coin – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (December 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
| United Kingdom | |
| Value | 0.005 pound sterling |
|---|---|
| Mass | 1.78 g |
| Diameter | 17.14 mm |
| Thickness | 1 mm |
| Edge | plain |
| Composition | bronze |
| Years of minting | 1971–1984 |
| Obverse | |
 | |
| Design | Queen Elizabeth II |
| Designer | Arnold Machin |
| Design date | 1971 |
| Reverse | |
 | |
| Design | St Edward's Crown |
| Designer | Christopher Ironside |
| Design date | 1971 |
The British decimal halfpenny (1/2p) coin was introduced in February 1971, at the time of decimalisation, and was worth one two-hundredth of a pound sterling. It was ignored in banking transactions, which were carried out in units of 1p.
The decimal halfpenny had the same value as 1.2 pre-decimal pence, and was introduced to enable the prices of some low-value items to be more accurately translated to the new decimal currency. The possibility of setting prices including an odd half penny also made it more practical to retain the pre-decimal sixpence in circulation (with a value of 2+1/2 new pence) alongside the new decimal coinage.
The halfpenny coin's obverse featured the profile of Queen Elizabeth II; the reverse featured an image of St Edward's Crown. It was minted in bronze (like the 1p and 2p coins). It was the smallest decimal coin in both size and value. The size was in proportion to the 1p and 2p coins. It soon became Britain's least favourite coin. The Treasury had continued to argue that the halfpenny was important in the fight against inflation (preventing prices from being rounded up). The coin was demonetised and withdrawn from circulation in December 1984.
Design
The reverse of the coin, designed by Christopher Ironside, was a representation of St Edward's Crown, with the numeral "1/2" below the crown, and either NEW PENNY (1971–1981) or HALF PENNY (1982–1984) above the crown.
Only one design of obverse was used on the halfpenny coin. The inscription around the portrait on the obverse was ELIZABETH II D.G.REG.F.D. 19xx, where 19xx was the year of minting. Both sides of the coin are encircled by dots, a common feature on coins, known as beading.
As on all decimal coins produced before 1984, the portrait of Queen Elizabeth II by Arnold Machin appeared on the obverse; in this portrait the Queen wears the 'Girls of Great Britain and Ireland' Tiara.
Status
The half penny coin was legal tender for amounts not exceeding 20 pence. However, legal tender in the UK has a very narrow meaning, that is unlikely to affect everyday transactions. Legal tender means that a debtor can not be successfully sued for non-payment of a debt if he has offered unconditionally to pay in legal tender. The defendant in such a case would be able to raise a defence of tender before claim.
A shopkeeper, for example, was not under any obligation to accept half penny coins for payment; conversely they have the discretion to accept payment in just half penny coins if they so wished.
Mintages
Annual number of coins released into general circulation (excludes proof sets)
- 1971 ~ 1,394,188,251
- 1972 ~ In proof sets only
- 1973 ~ 365,680,000
- 1974 ~ 365,448,000
- 1975 ~ 197,600,000
- 1976 ~ 412,172,000
- 1977 ~ 66,368,000
- 1978 ~ 59,532,000
- 1979 ~ 219,132,000
- 1980 ~ 202,788,000
- 1981 ~ 46,748,000
- 1982 ~ 190,752,000
- 1983 ~ 7,600,000
- 1984 ~ In proof sets and 'uncirculated' sets only
Proposed quarter penny coin
A decimal quarter-penny coin (to be struck in aluminium) was also proposed (which would have allowed the pre-decimal threepence to continue to circulate with a value of 1+1/4 new pence), but was never produced.
See also
References
- ^ 1984: Halfpenny coin to meet its maker, BBC News
- Clayton, Tony. "Decimal Coins of the UK - Halfpenny". Retrieved 2006-05-24.
- "1p Coin". British Royal Mint. Archived from the original on 2006-04-27. Retrieved 2006-05-23.
- "Coinage Act 1971: Section 2", legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives, 1971 c. 24 (s. 2)
- "What are the legal tender amounts acceptable for UK coins? | The Royal Mint". www.royalmint.com. Retrieved 2019-05-05.
- November 2015, Masood Ahmed. "Defence of tender before claim". Law Society Gazette. Retrieved 2019-05-05.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - "What is legal tender?". www.bankofengland.co.uk. Retrieved 2019-05-05.
- Michael, Michael (2013). Standard Catalog of World Coins - 1901-2000. Krause Publications. pp. 990. ISBN 1440229627.
- "Mintage Figures: United Kingdom Decimal Coins issued into general circulation up to 31 December 2012". www.royalmintmuseum.org.uk. pp. 2–3. Retrieved 2019-06-29.
- Tony Clayton. "The Change to Decimal Coinage". Archived from the original on 2008-03-29. Retrieved 2008-04-13.
External links
- British Halfpenny pictures
- CoinWiki - Decimal Half Pennies
- Coin Type: Half Penny, United Kingdom - Online Coin Club