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*] New primary rifle of ] 43.500 ]<nowiki/>s delivered late 2019<ref>{{Cite web|title=3 koldan milli tüfek teslimatı|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/bilim-teknoloji/3-koldan-milli-tufek-teslimati/1625870|access-date=2020-06-15|website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> | |||
===Machine guns=== | ===Machine guns=== |
Revision as of 14:14, 15 June 2020
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Gendarmerie General Command" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
Gendarmerie General Command Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı | |
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Emblem of the Gendarmerie General Command | |
Flag of the Gendarmerie General Command | |
Agency overview | |
Formed | 1956 |
Preceding agencies |
|
Employees | 170,295 sworn members + 80,000 to 90,000 Village guards. 1,475 Armored and utility vehicles 59 Helicopters |
Jurisdictional structure | |
Operations jurisdiction | Turkey |
General nature | |
Operational structure | |
Headquarters | Ankara |
Elected officer responsible |
|
Agency executives |
|
Parent agency | Ministry of the Interior |
Notables | |
Significant operations | |
Website | |
jandarma.gov.tr/ |
The Gendarmerie General Command (Template:Lang-tr) is a service branch of the Turkish Ministry of Interior responsible for the maintenance of the public order in areas that fall outside the jurisdiction of police forces (generally in rural areas), as well as assuring internal security along with carrying out other specific duties assigned to it by certain laws and regulations.
The Commander of the Gendarmerie reports to the Minister of the Interior.
The Gendarmerie has its roots in the Ottoman Empire military law enforcement organization "Subaşı" (later known as the "Zaptiye"). A similar, earlier force called "Şurta" existed during the medieval Seljuq Empire.
History
Ottoman era
Main article: Ottoman GendarmerieAfter the abolition of the Janissary corps of the Ottoman Empire in 1826, military organizations called Asâkir-i Muntazâma-i Mansûre, Asâkir-i Muntazâma-i Hâssa, and, in 1834, Asâkir-i Redîfe were established for security and public order in Anatolia and in some provinces of Rumelia.
Since the term Gendarmerie was noticed only in the Assignment Decrees published in the years following the declaration of Tanzimat in 1839, it is assumed that the Gendarmerie organization was founded after that year, but the exact date of foundation has not yet been determined. Therefore, the date on which the name Asâkir-i Zaptiye Nizâmnâmesi was adopted, June 14 1839, is considered the foundation date of the Turkish Gendarmerie.
After the 1877–1878 Russo-Turkish War, Ottoman prime minister Mehmed Said Pasha decided to bring some officers from Britain and France to establish a modern law enforcement organization. After the Young Turk Revolution in 1908, the Gendarmerie achieved great successes, particularly in Rumelia. In 1909, the Gendarmerie was affiliated with the Ministry of War, and its name was changed to the Gendarmerie General Command (Template:Lang-ota).
Gendarmerie units continued their internal security duties as well as taking part in the conflict at various fronts as a part of the Armed Forces during World War I and the Turkish War of Independence.
Republic of Turkey
20th century
The Gendarmerie organization achieved its current legal status on June 10, 1930. In 1939, the Gendarmerie organization was restructured, having three groups: Fixed Gendarmerie Units, Mobile Gendarmerie Units, and Gendarmerie Training Units and Schools.
In 1956, the Gendarmerie General Command was assigned the duties of protecting borders, coasts and territorial waters, and fighting smuggling, which had been previously carried out by the Gümrük Umum Kumandanlığı, under the Ministry of Customs and Monopoly. In 1957, Gendarmerie Border Units were transformed into brigades, and Gendarmerie Training Brigades were established.
In 1961, Gendarmerie Regional Commands were established. In 1968, the first Gendarmerie Aviation Unit was established in Diyarbakır under the name of Light Helicopter Company Command.
In 1974, Gendarmerie Commando Units and Gendarmerie Aviation Units took part in the Turkish invasion of Cyprus.
In 1988, the duty of protecting the land borders and ensuring their security was assigned to the Land Forces Command, but Gendarmerie General Command still holds the responsibility for some parts of the Iranian and Syrian borders and the whole Iraqi border.
The Gendarmerie Criminal Department was founded in Ankara in 1993 and from 1994, Gendarmerie Regional Criminal Laboratory Superiorities? were founded. Crime Scene Examination Teams, Explosive Material Disposal Units, Fingerprints and Palm Prints Branches and Crime Scene Examination Units were also established.
21st century
In 2016, the Gendarmerie General Command was affiliated to the Ministry of Interior.
In 2018, Gendarmerie Special Operations participated in Operation Olive Branch, part of the Turkish involvement in the Syrian Civil War.
The Gendarmerie General Command currently has a total of 3,600 units, including 3,056 Internal Security Units, 218 Commando Units, 162 Prison Units, 160 Protection Units and four Aviation Units.
Duties
The duties of the gendarmerie according to the Law No. 2803 on the Organization, Duties and Powers of the Gendarmerie; It is categorized under four main titles as judicial, military, civil and other duties.
Judicial duties
- Revealing crime and criminals,
- Catch of the criminals,
- Transferring evidence of crime to judicial authorities,
- To conduct a preparatory investigation on the instructions of the public prosecutor,
- To send convicts and prisoners from penal institutions to the courthouse.
Civil duties
- To ensure that the services for general safety and security are carried out in accordance with the relevant legislation,
- To carry out the services of informing the public about how to protect the society from public order crime, directing children and young people to crime and taking precautionary measures,
- To evaluate the information and statistics about public order crimes, to conduct or have an analysis of the crime and to determine the methods of combating crime to prevent public order crimes by evaluating them,
- Carrying out activities to prevent crime,
- Preventing, pursuing and investigating smuggling,
- External protection of penal institutions and detention centers.
Military duties
- To perform military services provided by law
Other duties
- These are duties other than judicial, military and civil duties, such as facility and personal protection and transport security, which must be carried out in accordance with laws and regulations, orders and decisions.
Structure
Commands
Gendarmerie General Command Headquarters (Ankara)
- Gendarmerie Security Corps Command (Van, Turkey)
- Gendarmerie Training Command (Ankara, İncek, Gölbaşı)
- 1. Gendarmerie Training Battalion Command (Aydın)
- 2. Gendarmerie Training Battalion Command (Bilecik)
- 3. Gendarmerie Training Battalion Command (Ezine, Çanakkale)
- 5. Gendarmerie Training Regiment Command (Gölköy, Kastamonu)
- 6. Gendarmerie Commando Training Regiment Command (Kırkağaç, Manisa)
- 7. Gendarmerie Commando Training Regiment Command (Yenifoça, İzmir)
- Gendarmerie Combat Training Battalion Command (Seferihisar, İzmir)
- Gendarmerie Transport Battalion Command (Söğüt, Bilecik)
- 10. Gendarmerie Training Regiment Command (Bornova, Izmir)
- 116. Gendarmerie Private Training Regiment Command (Çanakkale)
- 121. Gendarmerie Training Regiment Command (Serinyol, Antakya)
- 125. Gendarmerie Training Regiment Command (Safranbolu, Karabük)
- Işıklar Gendarmerie NCO High School (Bursa) ( was established in 1845 as "Mekteb-i Fünun-u İdadi"')
- Gendarmerie Horse and Dog Training Center Command (Nevşehir) (JAKEM)
- Gendarmerie Logistics Command (Güvercinlik, Ankara)
- Gendarmerie Aviation Command (Güvercinlik, Ankara)
- Gendarmerie UAV Command (Elazığ)
- Gendarmerie Special Public Security Command (JÖAK)
- Gendarmerie Special Operations (JÖH)
- Gendarmerie Search and Rescue Battalion Command (JAK)
- Gendarmerie Underwater Search and Rescue Teams (SAK)
- Gendarmerie Public Security Boat Commands (Security and public order services at inland waters are carried out by the Gendarmerie Public Order Boat Commands.)
- Military Police (Askeri İnzibat, AS.İZ)
- Village guards
- Prison Gendarmerie Division Commands (There are garrison stations appointed in every prison)
- The Gendarmerie Band Command
Criminal units
- Provincial Gendarmerie Commands in 81 provinces & in 388 districts.
- The Crime Scene Investigation Teams (CSIT) ( Working under the Provincial and District Gendarmerie Commands systematically examine the crime scene by means of technical and scientific methods; properly gather physical evidences; pack and send them to forensic laboratories.)
- Explosive Ordnance Disposal Teams ( which have been established in tourism regions, regions with a concentration of terror incidents and big cities, dispose of explosive ordnances.)
- Crime scene investigation units
- Anti-Smuggling and Organized Crime Department (ASOCD)
Other units
- Gendarmerie Traffic Teams
- The Gendarmerie Motorcycled Public Order Teams (Round-the-clock at the highways established by the protocols in the responsibility areas of the Gendarmerie General Command.)
- Gendarmerie Dog Teams
- Gendarmerie Environmental Protection Teams ( Environmental Protection Teams have been established in order to protect environment, ecological balance and natural life, to protect living species and areas protected by national legislation and international conventions and to prevent environmental pollution.)
- The Gendarmerie Mounted Units (Used in performing patrolling services at resort areas, forestlands, recreation spots and museums (Topkapı Palace), and in performing preventive law enforcement services.
Gallery
- Gendarmerie officer with an MP5 at Topkapı Palace in Istanbul
- Gendarmerie private
- Gendarmerie's Ford Transit and a trooper
- Traffic gendarmerie's Renault Megane
- Gendarmerie interceptor
- Jandarma Barracks in Sivas built in 1908
- Gendarmerie museum
- BTR-80 in the gendarmerie inventory
- Gendarme Scool emblem
- Sergeant gendarme rank
- Logo of Işıklar Gendarmerie NCO High School
- Gendarmerie Search and Rescue Battalion Command teams during Soma mine disaster
- Işıklar Gendarmerie NCO High School
- Gendarmerie Search and Rescue Battalion Command logo Gendarmerie Search and Rescue Battalion Command logo
The Gendarmerie Museum
The Gendarmerie Museum is established in order to reflect the developments in periodical order beginning with the foundation of the Gendarmerie organization; to exhibit its activities, heroic deeds, services in the history; to protect all kinds of military cultural assets related to the Gendarmerie by collecting them and to transfer them to the future generations. The Gendarmerie Museum in the Beytepe Lieutenant General İsmail SELEN Quarters in Ankara and is open to public.
Equipment
Handguns
Shotguns
Submachine guns
Assault and battle rifles
- AKM
- HK G3
- HK G41
- HK33A4
- M16A1
- MKEK MPT-76
- Kale KCR-556 New primary rifle of Gendarmerie 43.500 Rifles delivered late 2019
Machine guns
Sniper rifles
Rocket and grenade launchers
Mortars
Vehicles
Model | Image | Origin | Type | Variant | Number | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Armored personnel carriers | ||||||
Sisu Nasu | Finland | Tracked All-Terrain Vehicle | NA-140 BT | 47 | ||
Kirpi | Turkey | MRAP | Kirpi 4x4 | 200 | Based on the Israeli Hatehof Navigator. | |
Cobra | Turkey | MRAP | Cobra I | 200 | Its suspension / wheel base is based on the American HMMWV which led some to mistakenly claim that Turkey actually uses the HMMWV as one of its utility vehicles. | |
Otokar Akrep | Turkey | MRAP | unknown | Turkish Land Forces as new models enter the equipment slowly giving the old equipment to the gendarmerie. | ||
Cadillac Gage Commando | United States | Armored Personnel Carrier | V-150S | 124 | Lacking a dedicated vehicle for its reconnaissance battalions, Turkey ordered 124 LAV-150 vehicles in 1992 from the Cadillac Corporation. | |
Otokar ZPT | Turkey | Armored Car | 250 | After the cancellation of Akrep, Otokar started to produce cheaper alternative for the law enforcement agencies and the army. ZPT is based on Shorland S-55. | ||
BTR-60 | Soviet Union/ Germany | Armored Personnel Carrier | BTR-60PB | 323 | Bought from ex-GDR stockpile after German unification. All modernized. | |
Condor | Germany | Armored Personnel Carrier | Condor 1 | 25 | ||
Dragoon | United States | Armored Personnel Carrier | Dragoon 300 | 60 | ||
Concealed Armored D-Max | Turkey | Armored Car | Pick-Up | x | 4+1 passenger capacity | |
Helicopters | ||||||
UH-60 Black Hawk | United States/ Turkey | Utility helicopter | S-70A | 27 | Avionics upgraded by Aselsan.T-70 variant in use. 30 more on order | |
UH-1 Huey | United States/ Turkey | Utility helicopter | AB-205 | 13 | Avionics upgraded by Aselsan. | |
TAI/AgustaWestland T129 ATAK | Turkey | Attack helicopter | T129 | 6 | 12 more on order. Produced by TAI. | |
Mil Mi-17 | Russia/ Turkey | Utility helicopter | Mi-17 IVA | 18 | Avionics upgraded by Aselsan. | |
Unmanned Aircraft Vehicles | ||||||
TAI Anka | Turkey | UAV | ANKA B | 2 | Elazig Gendarmerie UAV command | |
Bayraktar Tactical | Turkey | UAV | TB2 | 12 | ||
Bayraktar Mini UAV | Turkey | UAV | C | unknown |
Insignia
NATO code | OF-10 | OF-9 | OF-8 | OF-7 | OF-6 | OF-5 | OF-4 | OF-3 | OF-2 | OF-1 | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Turkish Land Forces |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mareşal | Orgeneral | Korgeneral | Tümgeneral | Tuğgeneral | Albay | Yarbay | Binbaşı | Yüzbaşı | Üsteğmen | Teğmen | Asteğmen |
NATO code | OR-9 | OR-8 | OR-7 | OR-6 | OR-5 | OR-4 | OR-3 | OR-2 | OR-1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Turkish Land Forces |
No insignia | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Astsubay kıdemli başçavuş | Astsubay başçavuş | Astsubay kıdemli üstçavuş | Astsubay üstçavuş | Astsubay kıdemli çavuş | Astsubay çavuş | Astsubay astçavuş | Uzman çavuş | Çavuş | Uzman onbaşı | Onbaşı | Er |
- OF3, OF2, & OR2 translate to "Head of 1000", "Head of 100", and "Head of 10" respectively.
See also
- List of General Commanders of the Gendarmerie of Turkey
- Constabulary
- Gendarmerie
- Military equipment of Turkey
Notes
References
- "Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı". Jandarma.gov.tr. Archived from the original on 20 November 2015. Retrieved 27 November 2015.
- "TSK Mevcut Personel Sayısını Açıkladı". Aktif Haber. 2 January 2014. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 27 November 2015.
- "THE SHORT HISTORY OF THE GENDARMERIE GENERAL COMMAND". Jandarma.tsk.tr. Archived from the original on June 25, 2012. Retrieved July 25, 2013.
- "Tarihçe". jandarma.gov.tr. Retrieved 2020-02-08.
- "JANDARMA TEŞKİLAT, GÖREV VE YETKİLERİ KANUNU" (PDF). mevzuat.gov.tr.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "Turkish police, gendarmerie forces join Afrin operation". aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2020-02-08.
- "Rescue teams find bodies of two missing hikers - Turkey News". Hürriyet Daily News. Retrieved 2020-02-08.
- "The SAK team dives for waste this time National News". National News (in Turkish). 2019-10-31. Retrieved 2020-02-08.
- "Turkish gendarmerie band welcomes arrival of winter with 'Game of Thrones' tribute". Hürriyet Daily News. Retrieved 2020-02-08.
- "photo of csi unit".
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "A ton of marijuana found afloat off Ayvalık coast - Turkey News". Hürriyet Daily News. Retrieved 2020-02-08.
- "Jandarma Çevre Koruma Timleri". jandarma.gov.tr. Retrieved 2020-02-08.
- Netherl, Royal; Marechaussee, s. "Turkish Gendarmerie". FIEP | International Association of Gendarmeries and Police Forces with Military Statues. Retrieved 2020-02-08.
- "T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı". jandarma.gov.tr. Retrieved 2020-02-08.
- ^ "Jandarma Komutanligi". Turkish Gendarmerie. Archived from the original on 2014-12-14. Retrieved 2013-10-22.
- "'Hayata Dönüş' ilk kez gün ışığına çıktı". Radikal.com.tr. 7 July 2009. Archived from the original on 6 October 2015. Retrieved 27 November 2015.
- "3 koldan milli tüfek teslimatı". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2020-06-15.
- Archived September 12, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2016-09-07. Retrieved 2016-06-05.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - "Otokar Cobra is a true all-terrain fighting machine". Fox News. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 20 September 2015.
- "LAV-150". The actual source is by Army Guide _http://www.army-guide.com/eng/product3942.html_ but its been black listed for an unknown reason. Archived from the original on 4 February 2016. Retrieved 29 January 2016.
{{cite web}}
: External link in
(help)|work=
- ^ Pike, John. "Jandarma". GlobalSecurity.org. Archived from the original on 2009-09-03. Retrieved 2015-12-01.
- Ron, Harold E. Stassen Chair of International Affairs James; Staff, Human Rights Watch Arms Project; Ron, James; Watch (Organization), Human Rights (1995). Weapons Transfers and Violations of the Laws of War in Turkey. Human Rights Watch. ISBN 978-1-56432-161-9.
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2019-03-28. Retrieved 2018-11-08.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - Kunt, Rasim Anıl (2017). "Elazığ Jandarma İHA Birlik K.lığında hizmet veren ANKA İHA'lar.En sağda SARPER SAR/ISAR/GMTI ve ASELFLIR 300T ile ANKA-B dikkat çekiyor.pic.twitter.com/5q5fzXbHPM". @rasimanilkunt (in Turkish). Retrieved 2020-02-08.
- "Elazığ İnsansız Hava Aracı Anka Görevine Başladı-2 - Dailymotion Video". Dailymotion. Retrieved 2020-02-08.
- ^ "Kara Kuvvetleri Komutanlığı Rütbe ve İşaretleri". Official army (in Turkish). Retrieved 1 March 2021.
External links
Law enforcement in Turkey | ||
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National | ||
Local | ||
Intelligence | ||
Government | ||
Customs | ||
Military |
European Gendarmerie Force | |
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Members | |
Partners and observers |