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	The Functional Medicine model evolved from the insights and perspectives of a small group of influential thought leaders who realized the importance of an individualized approach to disease causes based on the evolving research in nutritional science, genomics, and epigenetics. These thought leaders found ways to apply these new advances in the clinic to address root causes using low-risk interventions that modify molecular and cellular systems to reverse these drivers of diseaseTreatments, practices, and concepts will generally be those not supported by ].<ref name=sampson1>{{cite web \|last= Sampson \|first= Wallace \|authorlink= Wallace Sampson \|title= Functional Medicine – New Kid on the Block \|url= http://www.sciencebasedmedicine.org/?p=271 \|work= ] \|date= October 30, 2008 \|accessdate= }}</ref>		The Functional Medicine model evolved from the insights and perspectives of a small group of influential thought leaders who realized the importance of an individualized approach to disease causes based on the evolving research in nutritional science, genomics, and epigenetics. These thought leaders found ways to apply these new advances in the clinic to address root causes using low-risk interventions that modify molecular and cellular systems to reverse these drivers of diseaseTreatments, practices, and concepts will generally be those not supported by ].<ref name=sampson1>{{cite web \|last= Sampson \|first= Wallace \|authorlink= Wallace Sampson \|title= Functional Medicine – New Kid on the Block \|url= http://www.sciencebasedmedicine.org/?p=271 \|work= ] \|date= October 30, 2008 \|accessdate= }}</ref>

	== Institute for Functional Medicine ==
	{{Infobox organization
	\| name = Institute for Functional Medicine
	\| image =
	\| founded_date = 1991
	\| focus = "To serve the highest expression of individual health through the widespread adoption of functional medicine as the standard of care."<ref>{{cite web \|title= Our Mission \|date= December 2014 \|url= https://www.functionalmedicine.org/AboutFM/Mission/}}</ref>
	\| method = Education, Research, Collaboration
	\| founder = Jeffrey Bland, PhD
	\| key_people = ], Chairman
	\| homepage =
	}}
	Functional medicine was invented by chemist Jeffrey Bland.<ref>{{cite journal \|vauthors=Leyton E \|title=Functional medicine \|journal=Can Fam Physician \|volume=52 \|issue=12 \|pages=1540 \|year=2006 \|pmid=17279230 \|pmc=1783750 \|doi= \|url=}}</ref> He and Susan Bland founded the ''Institute for Functional Medicine'' in 1991 as a division of HealthComm.<ref name= "qw"/><ref>{{cite web \|title= Founders \|url= https://www.functionalmedicine.org/AboutFM/History/Founders \|date= n.d. \|website= www.functionalmedicine.org \|publisher= Institute for Functional Medicine \|accessdate= November 10, 2014}}</ref> That year, the U.S. ] said that Jeffrey Bland's corporations HealthComm and Nu-Day Enterprises had falsely advanced claims that their products could alter metabolism and induce weight loss.<ref name=qw>{{cite web \|title= Some Notes on Jeffrey Bland and Metagenics \|accessdate= June 16, 2014 \|date= September 11, 2013 \|url= http://www.quackwatch.org/04ConsumerEducation/bland.html \|last= Barrett \|first= Stephen \|authorlink= Stephen Barrett \|work= ]}}</ref> The FTC found that Bland and his companies violated that consent order in 1995 by making more exaggerated claims. The UltraClear dietary program was said to provide relief from gastrointestinal problems, inflammatory and immunologic problems, fatigue, ], mercury exposure, kidney disorders, and ]. The companies were forced to pay a $45,000 ].<ref name=qw/>

	The opening of centers for functional medicine at the ] and at ] has been described by Gorski as an "unfortunate" example of pseudoscientific ] infiltrating medical academia.<ref name=quackademic/>

	== Reception ==		== Reception ==

Revision as of 16:19, 15 June 2020

Alternative medicine and pseudoscience

Alternative medicine
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Functional Medicine is a systems biology–based approach that focuses on identifying and addressing the root cause of disease. Each symptom or differential diagnosis may be one of many contributing to an individual’s illness. A diagnosis can be the result of more than one cause. For example, depression can be caused by many different factors, including inflammation. Likewise, a cause such as inflammation may lead to a number of different diagnoses, including depression. The precise manifestation of each cause depends on the individual’s genes, environment, and lifestyle, and only treatments that address the right cause will have lasting benefit beyond symptom suppression.

The Functional Medicine model evolved from the insights and perspectives of a small group of influential thought leaders who realized the importance of an individualized approach to disease causes based on the evolving research in nutritional science, genomics, and epigenetics. These thought leaders found ways to apply these new advances in the clinic to address root causes using low-risk interventions that modify molecular and cellular systems to reverse these drivers of diseaseTreatments, practices, and concepts will generally be those not supported by medical evidence.

Reception

In 2014, the American Academy of Family Physicians withdrew granting of course credits for functional medicine courses, having identified some of its treatments as "harmful and dangerous" In 2018, it partly lifted the ban, but only to allow teaching an overview of functional medicine, not to teach its practice.

References

Sampson, Wallace (October 30, 2008). "Functional Medicine – New Kid on the Block". Science-Based Medicine.
Bellamy J (26 October 2017). "AAFP: Functional Medicine lacks supporting evidence; includes 'harmful' and 'dangerous' treatments". Science-Based-Medicine.
Bellamy J (27 October 2018). "AAFP should publish research behind finding that functional medicine lacks evidence, contains harmful and dangerous practices". Science-Based-Medicine.

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