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Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)
Part of the Kurdish–Turkish conflict
Date Main combat phase: 28 May 2019 – 14 June 2020 Location Iraq, Kurdistan Region Result The Turkish Army sets up three new bases deep in Hakurk region & establishes a dozen observation points. HPG members leaving their positions & took refuge PJAK camps in Iran (Makü Dambat region) Start of new operation Operation Claw-Eagle Iraq Territorial changes Turkish Armed Forces seized strategic hills, mountains, crossing points, highland villages in Hakurk, Metina and Zap regions. New bases established at crossing roads.
Belligerents
Turkey	Kurdistan Workers' Party
Commanders and leaders
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Hulusi Akar Yaşar Güler	Unknown
Units involved
Turkish Armed Forces Turkish Air Force Turkish Land Forces Gendarmerie General Command Village guards	KCK HPG Free Women's Units YDG-H YPS YBŞ Marxist–Leninist Communist Party (Turkey) HBDH TAK BÖG PJAK HRK
Casualties and losses
17 killed	417 killed or captured (per Turkey)

Operation Claw (Template:Lang-tr) is an ongoing cross-border military operation by the Turkish Armed Forces into northern Iraq against the Kurdistan Workers' Party. Turkish troops fired artillery shells and launched air attacks in the morning of 28 May 2019, followed by a border crossing by the Turkish Army and Gendarmerie Special Public Security Command. On May 30, 2019, the first Turkish losses were recorded: one specialist sergeant and one second lieutenant were killed in action. On 31 May 2019, F16 jets of the 181st Squadron "Leopard" hit PKK targets in northern Iraq. In late June, press sources reported that the Turkish military combat-tested the Bora ballistic missile during Operation Claw in Northern Iraq. In July, the ground operation slowed and only airstrikes were carried out in the Avasin-Basyan, Zap, Metina, Haftanin and Hakurk regions. 182nd Squadron "Accipiter", 181st Squadron "Leopard" and 14th UAV Systems Base Command participated in the operation. On 13 July, Turkey launched counter-terror Operation Claw-2 in N.Iraq On 24 August, Operation Claw 3 was launched in northern Iraq. On 3 September 2019, a senior PKK leader was killed in Northern Iraq. Nedim Karakulak codenamed Kawa Garzan was in charge of the PKK's logistical support around the Qandil and Hakurk regions.

Operation timeline

This section is in list format but may read better as prose. You can help by converting this section, if appropriate. Editing help is available. (November 2019)

2019

Operation Claw 1

May

• 12 May: A failed PKK ambush resulted in the deaths of two militants bringing the PKK death toll to 45. Weapons and head cameras were seized.
• 28 May: Turkey launches counter-terror operation in northern Iraq.
• 29 May: Turkish Defense Ministry states that 15 militants killed or captured in northern Iraq's Hakurk area since operation.
• 30 May: The PKK suffers four more casualties in northern Iraq. The first Turkish losses were recorded: one specialist sergeant and one second lieutenant killed in action.
• 31 May: Turkish jets hit PKK targets in northern Iraq.

June

• 1 June: Three PKK militants killed or captured in northern Iraq.
• 2 June: PKK suffers another five casualties in northern Iraq.
• 3 June: At least six PKK militants killed or captured in the Zap region of northern Iraq.
• 4 June – 9 June: Turkish defense ministry states a total of 43 militants have been killed or captured in 'Operation Claw' since 28 May. underwater defence explosive ordnance disposal unit of TAF operates in the area.
• 6 June: Minister of Defense Hulusi Akar states: "We will not leave the region until the last terrorist is neutralized."
• 10 June: A total of 74 shelters caves and 53 mines used by PKK militants in the Hakurk region were destroyed, according to the ministry.
• 26 June: The Bayraktar Tactical UAS and TAI Anka operates in northern Iraq, constantly launching airstrikes on PKK militants.
• 28 June: The ministry states a total of 112 militants have been killed or captured in northern Iraq during the last month.
• Late June 2019: Press sources report that the Turkish military combat-tested the Bora ballistic missile during Operation Claw in Northern Iraq.

July

In July, the ground operation slowed and only airstrikes were carried out in northern Iraq. 182nd Squadron "Accipiter", 181st Squadron "Leopard" and 14th UAV Systems Base Command participate in operations.

Operation Claw 2

• 13 July: Turkey launches counter-terror Operation Claw-2 in northern Iraq.
• 18 July: One TAF soldier was killed and six were wounded.
• 19 July: The Defense Ministry states that militants suffered 34 casualties in airstrikes conducted between 17–19 July.
• 23 July: Halifan Hill and Zilok Hill captured in Hakurk region North Iraq.
• 30 July: National Intelligence Organization announces Hacı Kurhan and his assistant were shot down in the Amedi/Pirozana region in organized operation. He was one of the leaders of Kurdistan Freedom Hawks TAK.

August

In the beginning of August, airstrikes were carried out in northern Iraq.

• 3 August: Senior PKK member, Nedim Karakulak codenamed Kawa Garzan, who was in charge of the PKK's logistical support around Qandil and Hakurk region killed in northern Iraq.
• 4 August: Shiwah Valley, including the Misloke and Malla İbrahim villages captured.
• 5 August: Gorasher Mountain captured, a large part of the Olmuş Valley under the control of Turkish Armed Forces.
• 10 August: A total of 80 militants killed or captured since the launch of the Claw-2 offensive.
• 14 August: TAF ATAK helicopters hit PKK targets in the village of Birkim.
• 15 August: Turkish fighter jets kill a total of 13 PKK targets in northern Iraq according to the Defense Ministry said.
• 19 August: TAF ATAK helicopters hit PKK targets in the Hakurk region.

Operation Claw 3

• 25 August: Three Turkish soldiers killed in PKK ambush; seven soldiers also heavily injured.
• 26 August: Total of 15 PKK militants killed in Operation Claw 3.
• 27 August: Operation of Claw-3 aim to destroy six camps in northern Iraq.
• 28 August: The Peshmerga forces forbade access to the villages of Kasrok, Mergashish, Darashish and Behnuna in the Haftanin region due to the Paw-3 operation.

September

• 11 September: During an air operation against a building in the Kandil/Bawlah region, KCK Executive Member "Pelşin Tolhildan" (code-named Gülüzar Tural) and women's structuring KJK's Executive Council Member "Jiyan Garzan" (code-named Saliha Kaytar) were killed.
• 12 September: TAF troops were deployed to the top of Karachal mountain to establish a new base via helicopters.
• 13 September: TAF units take Hales Mountain in Haftanin.
• 14 September: Operation Claw-3 continues in northern Iraq.
• 17 September: New bases established in the "Dayla (lelikan) region".
• 18 September: A total of 417 PKK militants killed or captured in northern Iraq over past four months according to the Defense Ministry.
• 23 September: Two TAF personnel killed in a roadside bomb explosion in northern Iraq.

October

• 6 October: TAF fighter jets organized an air operation in Gara / Hezanke region.
• 7 October: Air operations carried out by Turkish Armed Forces fighters in Iraq/Fishabur region (border crossing Syria-Iraq area).
• 12 October: Organized air operations against PKK targets in the Haftanin region.
• 15 October: TAF fighter planes hit PKK targets in Kandil/Barawa region.
• 16 October: TAF warplanes organized air operations in Gara region of northern Iraq.
• 18 October: Two HPG militants were killed after an operation carried out by Bayraktar Tactical UAS.
• 28 October: A TAF soldier died of a heart attack after being transported by helicopter to Turkey.

November

• 20 November: Ten PKK militants were killed or wounded during an air attack in Haftanin area.

December

• 13 December: Two fighter jets and artillery units affiliated to the Turkish Armed Forces hit the slopes of Kani Dezan and Seri Ziraran.

2020

January

• 02 January: 2 TAF soldiers killed in clashes with PKK terrorists in Hakurk region.
• 07 January: 2 PKK members killed in Gara region, according to Ministry of National Defense.
• 08 January: Esme Erat, codenamed Delal Nurhak, a senior militant in the YPG/PKK’s female branch, the PAJK, and her driver, codenamed Zilan Kobani, were killed in an operation late last September in northern Iraq's Qandil region.
• 13 January: 2 village guards and a soldier died during in counter-terror operations, says Turkish Defense Ministry
• 17 January: A Turkish soldier, who was injured while preventing a PKK attack, succumbed to his wounds, Turkey’s Defense Ministry.
• 21 January: Turkey arrests suspect over killing of Turkish diplomat Osman Kose

February

• 29 February: PKK members killed in Metina, Gara regions were plotting attack, according to Turkish Defense Ministry.

March

• 4 March: In a Twitter post, the ministry announced that four terrorists in Avasin and five in Hakurk regions were killed in an air-backed operation.
• 9 March: Halide Tari KCK senior was killed in a joint operation conducted by Turkish intelligence (MIT) and armed forces (TAF)
• 13 March: Warplanes from the Turkish Armed Forces hit the Bradost region of Sidekan. Sidekan District Director İhsan Çelebi said that on March 13, at around 16:00, Turkish fighter planes hit the countryside of Khalifa and Geli Reş villages after flying for an hour in the region.
• 14 March: Air-backed anti-terror operations carried out in Metina region, says National Defense Ministry
• 26 March: Air strike carried out after two Turkish soldiers martyred, two others injured, TAF neutralizes 8 YPG/PKK terrorists in Iraq.
• 27 March: Turkish artillery intermittently shot PKK positions in the rural areas of the village of Lelkan, high sections of the village of Helifan and Hakurk skirts.

April

• 3 April: 111 militants neutralized, 67 others surrendered to security forces this month, according to Turkish security sources
• 15 April: Galya Bekir, also known as "Berivan Sarya", a top leader of the PKK/KCK, who was the Makhmur Front Officer, was killed by the operation of the National Intelligence Agency. His death was announced by the Turkish authorities on 14 May 2020.
• 16 April: A TAF soldier died Turkey's defense minister posts message of condolence on Twitter
• 16 April: Iraqi Foreign Ministry summons Turkish envoy
• 17 April: The National Defense Ministry said on Twitter on Friday that security forces busted and destroyed PKK shelters during anti-terror operations in Cukurca, Hakkari, southeastern Turkey, and northern Iraq's Haftanin region. In operations, security forces destroyed three binoculars, including two night vision ones, two grenades, five detonators, two 60 mm mortar ammunition and 287 bullets, three RPG-7 rocket launcher ammunitions, four RPG-7 propelling cartridges, two solar panels and life essentials found in shelters and caves in the area.
• 24 April: Air anti-terror operation carried out in Gara region, says Defense Ministry

May

• 4 May: Warplanes affiliated with the Turkish Armed Forces hit PKK positions around the village of Sinine in the Bradost region.
• 25 May: Turkish security forces have so far “neutralized” a total of 1,458 terrorists in cross-border operations since the beginning of this year, said defense minister Hulusi Akar.
• 27 May: Turkey 'neutralizes' 10 PKK terrorists in northern Iraq

June

• 3 June: Turkey destroys PKK's 3 cave shelters in N. Iraq
• 14 June: The Turkish Defense Ministry says that military jets successfully targeted PKK militants in Sinjar and Qandil, Iraq, among other places. The ministry claimed it was in response to increased militant attacks on Turkish bases. Start of new operation Operation Claw-Eagle Iraq.

See also

• Operation Peace Spring
• Operation Claw-Eagle Iraq

References

1. Martin van Bruinessen, "Zaza, Alevi and Dersimi as Deliberately Embraced Ethnic Identities" in '"Aslını İnkar Eden Haramzadedir!" The Debate on the Ethnic Identity of The Kurdish Alevis' in Krisztina Kehl-Bodrogi, Barbara Kellner-Heinkele, Anke Otter-Beaujean, Syncretistic Religious Communities in the Near East: Collected Papers of the International Symposium "Alevism in Turkey and Comparable Sycretistic Religious Communities in the Near East in the Past and Present" Berlin, 14-17 April 1995, BRILL, 1997, ISBN 9789004108615, p. 13.
2. Martin van Bruinessen, "Zaza, Alevi and Dersimi as Deliberately Embraced Ethnic Identities" in '"Aslını İnkar Eden Haramzadedir!" The Debate on the Ethnic Identity of The Kurdish Alevis', p. 14.
3. 2 killed (30 May 2019), 1 killed (19 July 2019), 3 killed (25 Aug. 2019), 2 killed (23 Sep. 2019), 1 died (28 Oct. 2019), 1 killed (2 Dec. 2019), 2 killed (2 Jan. 2020), 2 killed (14 Jan. 2020), 2 killed (25 March 2020), 1 killed (15 April 2020), total of 17 reported killed
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• Cross-border operations of Turkey into Iraq
• Kurdish–Turkish conflict (2015–present)
• 2019 in Turkey
• 2019 in Iraq
• Conflicts in 2019