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The National User Facilities are a set of large-scale scientific facilities maintained by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, whose roles are to provide the scientific community with world leading scientific instruments to enable research. These facilities are generally free to use, and are open to scientists from all over the world, usually through the submission and evaluation of research proposals.
As of 2020, there are 26 such facilities.
Light sources
The light sources are synchrotron facilities that provide users with x-ray light or neutron beam for a variety of experiments. These facilities accommodates tens of beamlines running in parallel. They 2000–5000 users per facility perform experiments each year.
- Advanced Light Source (ALS)
- Advanced Photon Source (APS)
- National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II)
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Light source (SSRL)
- Spallation Neutron Source (SNS)
Super computers
The super computing facilities are made available to the users to perform high intensity calculations. As of November 2019, four of the top ten super computers worldwide were hosted by a national user facility ( Summit, Sierra, Trinity and Lassen.)
- Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF)
- Argonne Leadership Computing Facility (ALCF)
- National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC)
- Energy Sciences Network (ESnet)
High Energy Physics
- Fermilab Accelerator Complex
- Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator System (ATLAS)
- High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR)
- National Spherical Torus Experiment – Upgrade (NSTX-U)
- Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC)
- DIII-D National Fusion Facility (DIII-D)
Material science
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT)
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN)
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL)
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS)
- The Molecular Foundry (TMF)
- Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM)
Biology and environment
Test facilities
- Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF)
- Facility for Advanced Accelerator Experimental Tests (FACET)
- Accelerator Test Facility (ATF)