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'''Luwati''' (Al-Lawatia (Arabic: اللواتية, sing. Lawati), also known as Khoja, Khojki, Lawatiyya, Lawatiya, or Hyderabadi) is an ] spoken by 5,000 to 10,000 people known as the Lawatiya (also called the Khojas or Hyderabadis) in the country of ].{{cn|date=November 2019}} In total it has been estimated there are 20,000 to 30,000 Lawatiya people.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Valeri|first=M|date=|title=Identity Politics and Nation-Building under Sultan Qaboos|url=|journal=Sectarian Politics in the Persian Golf|volume=179|pages=}}</ref> Despite the various names, the Lawatiya refer to the language as Khojki.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Al Jahdhami|first=S|date=|title=Minority Languages in Oman|url=|journal=Journal of the Association for Anglo-American Studies|volume=4|pages=105–112}}</ref> It is considered an endangered language because a portion of the Lawatiya do not speak Luwati, and it is not continuously passed down to younger generations.<ref name=":0" /> |
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'''Luwati''' (Al-Lawatia (Arabic: اللواتية, sing. Lawati), also known as Khoja, Khojki, Lawatiyya, Lawatiya, or Hyderabadi) is an ] spoken by 5,000 to 10,000 people known as the Lawatiya (also called the Khojas or Hyderabadis) in the country of ].{{cn|date=November 2019}} In total it has been estimated there are 20,000 to 30,000 Lawatiya people.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Valeri|first=M|title=Identity Politics and Nation-Building under Sultan Qaboos|journal=Sectarian Politics in the Persian Golf|volume=179}}</ref> Despite the various names, the Lawatiya refer to the language as Khojki.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Al Jahdhami|first=S|title=Minority Languages in Oman|journal=Journal of the Association for Anglo-American Studies|volume=4|pages=105–112}}</ref> It is considered an endangered language because a portion of the Lawatiya do not speak Luwati, and it is not continuously passed down to younger generations.<ref name=":0" /> |
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== Classifications == |
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== Classifications == |
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The Luwati language is superficially similar to ], but retains sounds found in other ] and ] but that have been lost from Kutchi.{{cn|date=November 2019}} Luwati also bares similarities with other languages such as ], Kachichi, ], ] and ].<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Asani|first=A|date=|title=The Khojkī Script: A Legacy of Ismaili Islam in the Indo-Pakistan Subcontinent|url=|journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society|volume=3|pages=439–449}}</ref> As with other languages located in Oman, Luwati is influenced by the Omani dialect of Arabic. |
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The Luwati language is superficially similar to ], but retains sounds found in other ] and ] but that have been lost from Kutchi.{{cn|date=November 2019}} Luwati also bares similarities with other languages such as ], Kachichi, ], ] and ].<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Asani|first=A|title=The Khojkī Script: A Legacy of Ismaili Islam in the Indo-Pakistan Subcontinent|journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society|volume=3|pages=439–449}}</ref> As with other languages located in Oman, Luwati is influenced by the Omani dialect of Arabic. |
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== History == |
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== History == |
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Originating from the Pakistani province of ],<ref name=":1" /> the Luwati language has had a presence in ] for nearly four centuries.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Valeri|first=M|date=|title=High Visibility, Low Profile: The Shiʿa in Oman under Sultan Qaboos|url=|journal=International Journal of Middle East Studies|volume=42|pages=251–268}}</ref> The language and people were first mentioned historically by the Omani historian Ibn Ruzayq. The Lawatiya appeared to have settled in Oman in waves of immigration from Sindh between 1780 and 1880 bringing the language with them.<ref name=":2" /> |
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Originating from the Pakistani province of ],<ref name=":1" /> the Luwati language has had a presence in ] for nearly four centuries.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Valeri|first=M|title=High Visibility, Low Profile: The Shiʿa in Oman under Sultan Qaboos|journal=International Journal of Middle East Studies|volume=42|pages=251–268}}</ref> The language and people were first mentioned historically by the Omani historian Ibn Ruzayq. The Lawatiya appeared to have settled in Oman in waves of immigration from Sindh between 1780 and 1880 bringing the language with them.<ref name=":2" /> |
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== Geographic distribution == |
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== Geographic distribution == |
