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{{short description|Malay classical musical ensemble and dance}} |
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{{short description|Malay musical instrument and dance}} |
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{{Infobox Instrument |
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{{Infobox Instrument |
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|name= Malay gamelan |
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|name= Malay gamelan |
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|names= ''Gamelan Melayu'' |
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|names= ''Gamelan melayu'' |
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|image= SUKTRA Gamelan Musicians.jpg |
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|image= SUKTRA Gamelan Musicians.jpg |
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|image_size = 270px |
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|image_size = 270px |
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|caption= A Malay gamelan performance in Malaysia |
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|caption= A Malay gamelan performance |
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|developed= ]<ref>{{cite web |title=The Malay Gamelan |url=http://themalaygamelan.jigsy.com/ |website=themalaygamelan |accessdate=11 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The History of Gamelan's Origin |url=http://gamelannerds.yolasite.com/history.php |accessdate=11 November 2020}}</ref> |
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|developed= ] (present-day ])<ref>{{cite web |title=The Malay Gamelan |url=http://themalaygamelan.jigsy.com/ |website=themalaygamelan |accessdate=11 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The History of Gamelan's Origin |url=http://gamelannerds.yolasite.com/history.php |accessdate=11 November 2020}}</ref> |
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{{Music of Indonesia}} |
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{{Infobox music genre |
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The '''Malay gamelan''' (]/]: '''''gamelan Melayu'''''; ]: '''ݢاميلن ملايو''') which exists today in ] (particularly in ], ] and ]) and ] (particularly in ], ] and ]) is basically from royal passed down through heritage. The Malay gamelan has developed an identity that is distinct from the ], ] and ] ]. |
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| name = Gamelan ensemble |
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| stylistic_origins = ] |
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| cultural_origins = ]<ref>{{cite web |title=The History of Gamelan's Origin |url=http://gamelannerds.yolasite.com/history.php |accessdate=11 November 2020}}</ref> |
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| instruments = ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ] |
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{{Music of Malaysia}} |
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The '''Malay gamelan''' (]: '''''gamelan Melayu'''''; ]: '''ݢاميلن ملايو''') which exists today only in ] (particularly in ], ] and ]) is basically from royal passed down through heritage. The Malay gamelan has developed an identity that is distinct from the ], ] and ] ]. According to the ''Kamus Dewan'', gamelan is a set of musical instruments derived from several types of hammered instruments, such as ''saron'', ''bonang'', ''gambang'', ''gong'' and others.<ref name="DBP-Gamelan">{{Cite web|url=https://prpm.dbp.gov.my/Cari1?keyword=gamelan|title=Carian Umum - Gamelan|website=prpm.dbp.gov.my|lang=ms|access-date=2020-11-11}}</ref> |
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== History == |
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== History == |
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Gamelan is one of the classical Malay musical ensembles. This classical Malay music was first performed at the ] palace in ] in the 17th century. In 1811, it was first performed in public in the royal town of ], ], accompanied by the classical ''Joget Pahang'' during the wedding ceremony of ], the son of ] who ruled ], with Wan Esah, the younger sister of ] from Pahang. In ], Malay gamelan and ''Joget Pahang'' was maintained with royal patronage. Malay gamelan was then introduced in ] after Tengku Mariam, a princess of Pahang, married ], the prince of ] from Terengganu. By 1913, the Malay Gamelan tradition completely disappeared in Indonesia from the abolition of the ], but flourished in Pahang, and then in Terengganu. In Terengganu, the name ''Joget Gamelan'' is used to replace the name ''Joget Pahang'', which was commonly used in Pahang at that time.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sanggar Seni Gamelan|url=https://www.sanggarseni.my/gamelan |accessdate=11 November 2020}}</ref> While in Terengganu, the current form of Malay gamelan and ''Joget Gamelan'' took formed.<ref>https://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/20248/1/Joget%20Gamelan%20Terengganu%20dari%20aspek%20penceritaan...(24%20pages).pdf</ref> The Malay gamelan was first brought to ] in 1969 in a public performance. Since then, it has become a part of the Malaysian arts and cultural heritage.<ref>http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/6465/1/yiing_siing.pdf</ref> |
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Joget Gamelan is one of the classical Malay dance. This classic dance was first performed at the Palace in the ] in the 17th century. It was first performed in public in Pekan, Pahang in 1811 in the wedding ceremony of Tengku Hussain, the son of Sultan Abdul Rahman who ruled Lingga, with Wan Esah, the younger sister of Bendahara Ali from Pahang. It was first introduced in Terengganu after Tengku Mariam, a princess in Pahang, married Tengku Sulaiman, the prince to Tengku Zainal Abidin from Terengganu. In 1913, the Malay Gamelan tradition disappeared from the abolition of the Riau-Lingga Sultanate and later moved to Pahang, and until it spread to Terengganu.<ref>https://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/20248/1/Joget%20Gamelan%20Terengganu%20dari%20aspek%20penceritaan...(24%20pages).pdf</ref> The Malay gamelan was first brought to ] in 1969 in a public performance. Since then, it has become a part of the Malaysian arts and cultural heritage. |
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In ], where the musical ensemble is believed to be originated, only four ]s that can be found, and currently stored in Museum Linggam Cahaya, Komplek Istana Damnah. According to the manager of the Museum, the four bonangs were found by the villagers of ] and were buried in the ground and then handed over to the Museum. Even though Malay gamelan has long disappeared in Indonesia, due to the sense of responsibility as a nationalist citizen and the jealousy of its development in Malaysia, interest in reviving the Malay Gamelan has gotten stronger in Indonesia.<ref>{{cite web |title=Menabuh Gamelan Melayu |url=https://kebudayaan.kemdikbud.go.id/bpnbkepri/menabuh-gamelan-melayu/ |accessdate=11 November 2020}}</ref> |
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==Instruments== |
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==Instruments== |
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Based on the classical royal gamelan set discovered in 1966 at Istana Kolam, Terengganu, a set of Terengganu Malay gamelan consists of these basic instruments:<ref>https://www.hmetro.com.my/nuansa/2019/04/440348/memartabatkan-gamelan</ref> |
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Based on the ancient royal gamelan set discovered in 1966 at Istana Kolam, Terengganu, a set of Terengganu Malay gamelan consists of seven basic instruments:<ref>https://www.hmetro.com.my/nuansa/2019/04/440348/memartabatkan-gamelan</ref> |
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# ''Keromong'', also known as '']'' (a set of 10 small kettle gongs) |
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# ''Keromong'', also known as '']'' (a set of 10 small kettle gongs) |
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# '']'', (a wooden xylophone) |
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# ''Gambang'' (a wooden xylophone) |
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# '']'', (another set of metallophones, slightly smaller than ''saron kecil'') |
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# '']'' (another set of metallophones, slightly smaller than ''saron kecil'') |
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# '']'', also known as ''saron barung'' (a set of metallophones) |
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# ''Saron kecil'', also known as ''saron barung'' (a set of metallophones) |
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# '']'', also known as ''saron demung'' (another set of metallophones, slightly bigger than ''saron kecil'') |
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# ''Saron besar'', also known as ''saron demung'' (another set of metallophones, slightly bigger than ''saron kecil'') |
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# '']'', (a set of 5 large kettle gongs) |
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# '']'' (a set of 5 large kettle gongs) |
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# A pair of hanging ], (which are ''gong kecil'' and ''gong besar'') |
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# A pair of hanging ], which are ''gong kecil'' and ''gong besar'' |
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# '']'', (a barrel drum) |
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# '']'' (a barrel drum) |
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One instrument was added later into Malay gamelan: |
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# '']'', (similar to ''saron'' but larger) |
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== Joget Gamelan == |
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== Joget Gamelan == |
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{{Infobox dance |
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{{Infobox dance |
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| name = Joget Gamelan or Joget Pahang |
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| name = Joget Gamelan |
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{{Dance drama of Southeast Asia}} |
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{{Dance drama of Southeast Asia}} |
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According to Tengku Mariam, this dance repository originally consisted of 77 types of ]. But today there are only 33 types left as a result of the absence of dance instructors. Among the 33 types of dances that remain are such as ''Timang Burung'', ''Ayak-ayak'', ''Lambang Sari'', ''Ketam Renjung'', ''Geliung'', ''Lantai Lima'', ''Kending Gajah'', ''Togok Rompin'', ''Kunang-kunang Mabuk'', ''Galuk Merajuk'', ''Silatin'', ''Lolo'' and ''Monab''. |
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The classical Malay ''Joget Gamelan'' always tells a hidden story. The classical Malay song of ''Timang Burung'' tells the story of ], a romantic Javanese tale of ''Raden Galuh Chendera Kirana'' and ''Raden Inu Karpati''. According to Tengku Mariam, this dance repository originally consisted of 77 types of ] songs and 60 types of dances. This classical dance is performed exclusively by female dancers and can be staged internally or openly. ] elements can be seen in terms of the art of dance. In aesthetics, this dance is very beautiful and is a form of dance that is the richest in terms of its type in the most traditional ]. |
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This dance performed exclusively by female dancers can be staged internally or openly. ] elements can be seen in terms of the art of dance. In aesthetics, this dance is very beautiful and is a form of dance that is the richest in terms of its type in the most traditional ]. |
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Besides Panji stories, Malay gamelan songs are also inspired by the classical Malay '']''. Among popular songs and dances are such as ''Topeng'', ''Timang Burung'', ''Ayak-ayak'', ''Perang Manggong'', ''Perang Besar'', ''Nongga'', ''Kunang-kunang Mabuk'', ''Gambuh Menyanyi'', ''Lambang Sari'', ''Ulit Seri Rama'', ''Togok'', ''Kilas Dayung'' , ''Seri Rama Balik'', ''Kendung Gajah Mati'', ''Tongkang Masuk'', ''Ketawang'', ''Gambuh (Turun Gambang)'', ''Ketam Renjong'' and ''Perang Seri Rama''<ref>http://www.jkkn.gov.my/ms/gema-warisan-gamelan-melayu</ref> |
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== See also == |
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== See also == |
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{{Portal|Music|Malaysia}} |
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{{Portal|Music|Indonesia|Malaysia}} |
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{{Gamelan}} |
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{{Gamelan}} |
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{{Indonesian musical instruments}} |
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{{Traditional musical instruments of Malaysia}} |
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{{Traditional musical instruments of Malaysia}} |
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Joget Gamelan is one of the classical Malay dance. This classic dance was first performed at the Palace in the Riau-Lingga in the 17th century. It was first performed in public in Pekan, Pahang in 1811 in the wedding ceremony of Tengku Hussain, the son of Sultan Abdul Rahman who ruled Lingga, with Wan Esah, the younger sister of Bendahara Ali from Pahang. It was first introduced in Terengganu after Tengku Mariam, a princess in Pahang, married Tengku Sulaiman, the prince to Tengku Zainal Abidin from Terengganu. In 1913, the Malay Gamelan tradition disappeared from the abolition of the Riau-Lingga Sultanate and later moved to Pahang, and until it spread to Terengganu. The Malay gamelan was first brought to Kuala Lumpur in 1969 in a public performance. Since then, it has become a part of the Malaysian arts and cultural heritage.
Based on the ancient royal gamelan set discovered in 1966 at Istana Kolam, Terengganu, a set of Terengganu Malay gamelan consists of seven basic instruments:
According to Tengku Mariam, this dance repository originally consisted of 77 types of gamelan. But today there are only 33 types left as a result of the absence of dance instructors. Among the 33 types of dances that remain are such as Timang Burung, Ayak-ayak, Lambang Sari, Ketam Renjung, Geliung, Lantai Lima, Kending Gajah, Togok Rompin, Kunang-kunang Mabuk, Galuk Merajuk, Silatin, Lolo and Monab.
This dance performed exclusively by female dancers can be staged internally or openly. Javanese elements can be seen in terms of the art of dance. In aesthetics, this dance is very beautiful and is a form of dance that is the richest in terms of its type in the most traditional Malay dance.
A Malay gamelan performance
Various hanging Gongs (gong ageng, gong suwukan, kempul) of Gamelan in Indonesia
Dancers performing a Joget Gamelan dance.svg)
