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Draft article Erwin Félix Lewy Bertaut, born on 9 February 1913 in Leobschütz (Poland, then Germany) and died on 6 November 2003 in Grenoble, France, was a French scientist renowned internationally for his work in the fields of neutron scattering and crystallography.

Born Erwin Lewy in Silesia (then in Germany), he trained as a lawyer. As his family was Jewish, when the Nazis came to power he left Germany for France, becoming a French citizen in 1936 and starting a scientific career as a chemical engineer. At the start of the Second World War, he joined the French army and, following the defeat of 1940, his military commander gave him the papers of a deceased soldier and a new identity: Félix Bertaut. His family, whom he had brought to Bordeaux, were arrested and disappeared into the camps in Germany. He then went to Paris and Grenoble to work with Louis Néel, where he learned about solid state chemistry and X-ray diffraction and became a crystallographer and a physicist of magnetism. He also became a pioneer in neutron diffraction and, with Louis Néel, played a leading role in the creation of the European research institute I.L.L. (Institut Laue-Langevin). He was a man of great culture and the impact of his scientific studies meant that he held positions of responsibility in the main international crystallography and physics organisations. He was a member of the French Academy of Sciences.

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