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In 1971 the instruction 'if no religion, write none' was introduced.
Atheism, agnosticism, deism, skepticism, freethought, secular humanism or general secularism in Australia form the second largest religious grouping in Australia.
The 2006 census indicated 18.7% or 3,706,555 people self-described as having "no religion" - a rise of three percentage points since the 2001 census. It saw the largest population increase of 800,557 people. Answering the Census question on religious affiliation was optional and a further 2.4 million (11.9%) did not state their religion (or inadequately described it). Thus approximately 30% of Australians did not state a religious affiliation in the 2006 census.
Demographics
According to a 2006 census analysed by the Australian Bureau of Statistics, 18.8% of people are part of the "No Religion" category. This category includes just 4 named sub-categories, namely agnosticism, atheism, Humanism and rationalism. A 5th sub-category is "No Religion, nfd" (nfd=no further definition).
The breakdown of the census data between 2001-2006 provides:
| 2006 | 2001 | % change (relative) |
% change (absolute) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | |||
| - Roman Catholic | 5,126,884 | 25.8 | 5,001,624 | 26.6 | -0.8 | +2.5 |
| - Anglican | 3,718,241 | 18.7 | 3,881,162 | 20.7 | -2.0 | -4.2 |
| - Uniting Church in Australia | 1,135,417 | 5.7 | 1,248,674 | 6.7 | -1.0 | -9.1 |
| - Presbyterian and Reformed | 596,672 | 3.0 | 637,530 | 3.4 | -0.4 | -6.4 |
| - Orthodox | 544,161 | 2.7 | 529,444 | 2.8 | -0.1 | +2.8 |
| - Baptist | 316,744 | 1.6 | 309,205 | 1.6 | 0 | +2.4 |
| - Lutheran | 251,107 | 1.3 | 250,365 | 1.3 | 0 | +0.3 |
| - Pentecostal | 219,687 | 1.1 | 194,592 | 1.0 | +0.1 | +12.9 |
| - Other Protestant | 736,012 | 3.7 | 675,422 | 3.6 | +0.1 | +9.0 |
| - Oriental Orthodox | 40,904 | 0.2 | 36,324 | 0.2 | 0 | +12.6 |
| Total Christian | 12,685,829 | 63.9 | 12,764,342 | 68.0 | -4.1 | -0.6 |
| - Buddhist | 418,749 | 2.1 | 357,813 | 1.9 | +0.2 | +17.0 |
| - Muslim | 340,394 | 1.7 | 281,578 | 1.5 | +0.2 | +20.9 |
| - Hindu | 148,130 | 0.7 | 95,473 | 0.5 | +0.2 | +55.2 |
| - Jewish | 88,832 | 0.4 | 83,993 | 0.4 | 0 | +5.8 |
| - Other Religions | 242,847 | 1.2 | 92,369 | 0.5 | +0.7 | +162.9 |
| - No Religions | 3,706,550 | 18.7 | 2,905,993 | 15.5 | +3.2 | +27.5 |
| - Not stated/inadequately described | 2,223,957 | 11.2 | 2,187,688 | 11.7 | -0.5 | +1.7 |
| Total Population | 19,855,288 | 100.0 | 18,769,249 | 100.0 | 0 | +5.8 |
History
Prior to European settlement, the Aboriginal Australians followed a variety of religions involving the worship of spirits of nature.
European settlement brought with it the predominantly Christian religions in the 1800s.
Since the 1901 census, the "No Religion" percentage of the population has grown from 0.4% of the population to just over a quarter of the population. It should be noted that this question has been emphasised as optional since 1933. In 1971 a further clarification was made instructing "If no religion, write none" which saw "a seven-fold increase" in the figures from previous years for those declaring lack of religious beliefs.
| Census year | No religion % |
Not stated/ inadequately described % |
% of all persons who either stated they had no religion, or did not adequately respond to the question to enable classification of their religion | Total Christian % |
Religions other than Christianity % |
Total population counted '000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 0.4 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 96.1 | 1.4 | 3 773.8 |
| 1911 | 0.4 | 2.9 | 3.3 | 95.9 | 0.8 | 4 455.0 |
| 1921 | 0.5 | 1.9 | 2.4 | 96.9 | 0.7 | 5 435.7 |
| 1933 | 0.2 | 12.9 | 13.1 | 86.4 | 0.4 | 6 629.8 |
| 1947 | 0.3 | 11.1 | 11.4 | 88.0 | 0.5 | 7 579.4 |
| 1954 | 0.3 | 9.7 | 10.0 | 89.4 | 0.6 | 8 986.5 |
| 1961 | 0.4 | 10.7 | 11.1 | 88.3 | 0.7 | 10 508.2 |
| 1966 | 0.8 | 10.3 | 11.1 | 88.2 | 0.7 | 11 599.5 |
| 1971 | 6.7 | 6.2 | 12.9 | 86.2 | 0.8 | 12 755.6 |
| 1976 | 8.3 | 11.4 | 19.7 | 78.6 | 1.0 | 13 548.4 |
| 1981 | 10.8 | 11.4 | 22.2 | 76.4 | 1.4 | 14 576.3 |
| 1986 | 12.7 | 12.4 | 25.1 | 73.0 | 2.0 | 15 602.2 |
| 1991 | 12.9 | 10.5 | 23.4 | 74.0 | 2.6 | 16 850.3 |
| 1996 | 16.6 | 9.0 | 25.6 | 70.9 | 3.5 | 17 752.8 |
| 2001 | 15.5 | 11.7 | 27.2 | 68.0 | 4.9 | 18 769.2 |
| 2006 | 18.7 | 11.9 | 30.8 | 63.9 | 5.6 | 19 855.3 |
- Data for table from Australian Bureau of Statistics
- Notes:
- 1901, 1911, 1921 figures for "Not stated/ inadequately described" included responses that were 'object to state'.
- A question on religious affiliation has been asked in every Census taken in Australia, but the voluntary nature of this question has only been specifically stated since 1933.
- In 1971 the instruction 'if no religion, write none' was introduced. In that census there was a seven-fold increase from the previous Census year in the proportion of persons stating they had no religion.
See also
- Agnosticism
- Australia
- Atheism
- Irreligion
- Rationalist Society of Australia
- Religion in Australia
- Religious skepticism
- secular humanism
- The Secular Party of Australia
References
- ^ "Cultural diversity". 1301.0 - Year Book Australia, 2008. Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2008-02-07. Retrieved 2008-07-15.
- Schliebs, Mark (2007-07-26). "Census figures show more Australians have no religion"". News.com.au.
- "3416.0 - Perspectives on Migrants, 2007: Birthplace and Religion". Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2008-02-25. Retrieved 2008-08-15.
- Census Table 2006 - 20680-Religious Affiliation (full classification list) by Sex - Australia
- ABS - 1301.0 - Year Book Australia, 2006 - Religious Affiliation