Bronze (racial classification)

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It has been suggested that this article be merged with mestizo. (Discuss) Proposed since September 2008.

Bronze race (Template:Lang-es) is a term used by early 20th century Latin American writers of the indigenista and americanista schools to refer to the mestizo population that arose in America with the arrival of European (particularly Spanish) colonists and their intermingling with the New World's indigenous Native American peoples.

Mexican poet Amado Nervo wrote "La Raza de Bronce" ("The Bronze Race") as an elegiac poem in honor of former president Benito Juárez in 1902. Bolivian indigenista writer Alcides Arguedas used the term in his 1919 work, La Raza de Bronce, a study of the natives of the Andean altiplano. It was later used by Mexican luminary José Vasconcelos in La Raza Cósmica (1925).

The term was revived in the 1960s by Chicano ethnic group MEChA to refer to Latinos in the United States and the people in Mexico as a unified "race", similar to the black and white races. In this sense it is largely synonymous to the notion of the Chicano nation. The decision to call it a separate "race" may have been influenced by the contemporary negative views of "ethnic" or "nation" based nationalism and positive views of "race" based nationalism. The notion was first enunciated in the Plan Espiritual de Aztlan document.

v t e Chicano and Mexican American topics
Terms	Chicano Mexican American La Raza Cholo Pachuco Pinto Blaxican Xicanx
Pre-Chicano Movement	1917 Bath riots Bisbee Deportation Bracero program Korean War La Matanza Mexican Repatriation Operation Wetback Plan de San Diego Porvenir Massacre Sleepy Lagoon trial Zoot Suit Riots
Chicano Movement	Aztlán Católicos por La Raza Centro de Arte Público Chicanismo Chicana feminism Chicano Blowouts Chicano Moratorium Mission Cultural Center for Latino Arts PCUN Plan Espiritual de Aztlán Plan de Santa Bárbara Farm workers' rights campaign Land grant struggle Colegio César Chávez Los Siete de la Raza Los Seis de Boulder Occupation of Catalina Island
Post-Chicano Movement	Aztlán 1985–1987 Watsonville Cannery strike 1992 Drywall Strike 2019 El Paso shooting Abolish ICE Arizona SB 1070 Castro 2020 DACA Great American Boycott IRCA Justice for Janitors Killing of Adam Toledo Murder of Selena Party crews Proposition 187 Xicanx
Culture	Anti-Mexican sentiment Caló Chicano art Chicano cinema Chicano literature Chicano names Chicano poetry Chicano Park Chicano rock Chicano rap Cinco de Mayo Estrada Courts murals Lowrider Mexican-American cuisine Mexican-American folklore Mexican-American women's fashion Mexican muralism New Mexican cuisine New Mexico music Paño Regional Mexican Skull art Teatro Campesino Tejano music Tex-Mex cuisine Tortilla art Zoot suit
Chicana/o Theory	Barrioization Coyolxauhqui imperative Gringo justice Nepantla New tribalism Rasquachismo Spiritual activism Vergüenza Youth control complex
Supreme Court cases	Botiller v. Dominguez Hernandez v. Texas San Antonio I.S.D. v. Rodriguez Espinoza v. Farah Manufacturing Co. U.S. v. Brignoni-Ponce Plyler v. Doe Medellín v. Texas Flores-Figueroa v. U.S. Leal Garcia v. Texas Mendez v. Westminster Bernal v. Fainter DHS v. Regents of the Univ. of Cal.
By city and region	Arizona Tucson California (Los Angeles • San Francisco • San Diego) California (Californios) Colorado (Denver) Illinois (Chicago) Kansas Maryland (Baltimore) Michigan (Detroit) Nebraska (Omaha) New Mexico (Nuevomexicanos) New York (New York City) Oklahoma Pennsylvania Philadelphia Texas Dallas–Fort Worth Houston Tejanos Utah (Salt Lake Valley)
Lists	Chicano films Chicano poets U.S. communities with Hispanic majority Mexican Americans Writers List of Hispanic and Latino Americans Bibliography List of Mexican-American communities List of Mexican-American political organizations
Category:Chicano Category:American people of Mexican descent

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