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| Turkish Provisional GovernmentTürkiye | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1920–1923 | |||||||||
Flag | |||||||||
| Anthem: İstiklâl Marşı Independence March | |||||||||
| Status | Provisional government | ||||||||
| Capital | Ankara | ||||||||
| Common languages | Turkish | ||||||||
| Government | Provisional Government | ||||||||
| President of the National Assembly | |||||||||
| Legislature | Grand National Assembly of Turkey | ||||||||
| Establishment | 03 May 1920 | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
| • Establishment of the GNAT | 23 April 1920 | ||||||||
| • Ankara Government established | 3 May 1920 | ||||||||
| • Abolishment of the Sultanate | 1 November 1922 | ||||||||
| • Istanbul Government renders offices | 5 November 1922 | ||||||||
| • Republic proclaimed | 29 October 1923 | ||||||||
| Population | |||||||||
| • | 6−7 million | ||||||||
| Currency | Lira | ||||||||
| ISO 3166 code | TR | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of |  Turkey | ||||||||
The Turkish Provisional Government, commonly termed Ankara Hükümeti (engl.: Ankara Government) in today's Turkey, was the temporary government of Ankara during the Turkish War of Independence (1919-1923). Even though in Istanbul there was still a nominal government of the Ottoman Empire, once the Grand National Assembly was established, on April 23, 1920, without rejecting at first, the legitimacy of the Sultanate, the new parliament formed its own government within the GNA. The Ministers were called "Vekil" (Acting) instead of the conventional "Nazır", to keep the appearance, as the reason utilised for forming a government was the fact that the real capital, Istanbul was under occupation. President of the GNA (the Grand National Assembly of Turkey since 8 February 1921) and later of the Republic of Turkey, was Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Once the Armistice of Mudanya was signed, replacing the Armistice of Mundros (signed by the Empire in 1918, at the end of the 1st World War) and ending the Turkish War of Liberation, the GNA abolished the Sultanate which was accused of collaborating with the Allies during the occupation of Turkey. The Treaty of Lausanne was signed on 24 July 1923, between the representatives of the Allies and of Ankara, thus officially recognizing the government of Ankara. On 29 October, the Republic of Turkey was proclaimed by the Grand National National Assembly of Turkey.
See also
- Turkish National Movement
- Turkish War of Independence
- Grand National Assembly of Turkey
- Abolition of the Ottoman Sultanate
References
- Belgelerle Türk tarihi dergisi, Edition 18, Menteş Kitabevi, 1986, page 72. Template:Tr
- Esra Yakut: Şeyhülislâmlık: yenileşme döneminde devlet ve din, Kitap Yayinevi Ltd., 2005, ISBN 9789758704941, page 198,199. Template:Tr
- Pars Tuğlacı: Çağdaş Türkiye, Cem Yayınevi, 1987, page 358. Template:Tr
- Hakan Alan, Avni Alan: Istanbul Şehir Rehberi, ASBOOK, 2007, ISBN 9750114701, page 12. Template:Tr
- Yahya Kemal: Eğil Dağlar, Kubbealti Publishing, 1966, ISBN 9757618519, pages 13, 92-93, 138, 155, 170, 188, 204-205, 232, 302, 338. Template:Tr
- William Hale: Turkish Foreign Policy, 1774-2000, Routledge, 2012, ISBN 0415599865, pages 36, 37, 38, 50, 265.
- Kemal Kirişci, Gareth M. Winrow: The Kurdish Question and Turkey: An Example of a Trans-State Ethnic Conflict, Routledge, 1997, ISBN 0714647462, pages 71-75, 77-79, 80, 82-84.