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• Apartheid is an Afrikaans word coined to describe South Africa's white minority rule governent's policies of racial segregation from 1948 until the early 1990s.

Some use this phrase to describe, by analogy, various situations of alleged institutional racism beyond South Africa's borders, but such usage is usually a matter of bitter dispute, as in the following cases:

• Israeli apartheid is a controversial phrase used by some critics of Israel's policies towards the Palestinians.
  • The apartheid wall is a similarly controversial term used by the same critics to describe the Israeli West Bank barrier, currently under construction.

• Global apartheid is the view that rich democratic Western nations are acting in much the same way as white South Africa, by exploiting or ignoring the plight of people in developing countries.

• Gender apartheid is used to describe the legal, social and political situation of women in many Muslim countries such as Iran, Saudi Arabia and Afghanistan under the Taliban.

• Sexual apartheid is a term used to describe legal discrimination against sexual minorities in areas such as marriage law, age of consent, adoption laws and other legislation.

• Disambiguation pages