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English Standard Version
File:Apocrypha.JPG
Full nameEnglish Standard Version
AbbreviationESV
Complete Bible
published
2001 (revisions in 2007 and 2011); Apocrypha 2009
Derived fromRSV—1971 Revision
Textual basisOT:
Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia with Septuagint influence.
Deutero./Apoc.: Göttingen Septuagint, Rahlf's Septuagint and Stuttgart Vulgate.
NT: 83% correspondence to Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece 27th edition.
Translation typeFormal Equivalence
Reading level10.0
Version revision2007, 2011
PublisherCrossway Bibles
CopyrightCopyright © 2001 by Crossway Bibles, a ministry of the Good News Publishers of Wheaton, IL; Apocrypha Copyright © 2009 by Oxford University Press.
Genesis 1:1–3 In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth. The earth was without form and void, and darkness was over the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God was hovering over the face of the waters. And God said, "Let there be light," and there was light. John 3:16 For God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life.

The English Standard Version (ESV) is a formal English translation of the Christian Bible . It is a revision of the 1971 edition of the Revised Standard Version. The translators' stated purpose was to follow an "essentially literal" translation philosophy.

History

Work on this translation was prompted, in the early 1990s, by what Dr. Lane T. Dennis stated was a need for a new literal translation by scholars and pastors. A translation committee was formed, and sought and received permission from the National Council of Churches to use the 1971 edition of the RSV as the English textual basis for the ESV. About 6% was revised in the ESV.

Translation philosophy

The stated intent of the translators was to follow an "essentially literal" translation philosophy while taking into account differences of grammar, syntax, and idiom between current literary English and the original languages. Accuracy was improved and the Old Testament text was updated to correct non-christian interpretations.

Revisions

The ESV underwent a minor revision in 2007. The publisher did not identify the updated text as a revised edition. The update changed about 500 words by focusing on grammar, consistency and clarity. The most notable change was "wounded for our transgressions" to "pierced for our transgressions." This edition was issued in April 2011. The 2007 edition has been gradually phased out.

Apocrypha

The publisher cites the fact that the ESV "has been growing in popularity among students in biblical studies, mainline Christian scholars, clergy, and Evangelical Christians of all denominations." An edition of the ESV with the Biblical apocrypha included was developed by Oxford University Press and published in January, 2009. The publisher's hope for this new edition which includes the Apocrypha is that it will be used widely in seminaries and divinity schools where these books are used as a part of academic study.

The books of the Protestant apocrypha are called the deuterocanonical books or anagignoskomena by Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox denominations. They are not to be confused with writings called "apocrypha" by the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches, such as 1 Enoch, 4 Esdras, the Martyrdom and Ascension of Isaiah. The ESV version is a revision of the Revised Standard Version 1977 Expanded Edition. The team translating the Apocrypha includes Bernard A. Taylor, David A. deSilva, and Dan McCartney, under the editorship of David Aiken. In the edition including these books, they are printed and arranged in the order of the RSV and NRSV Common Bibles.

The Oxford translating team relied on the Göttingen Septuagint for all of the Apocrypha except 4 Maccabees (relying there on Rahlf's Septuagint) and 2 Esdras (the Ancient Greek of which has not survived), which used the German Bible Society's 1983 edition Vulgate.

Use

The ESV has been used as the text of a number of study Bibles, including the Scofield Study Bible III (an update and revision of the classic dispensational premillennialist Scofield Reference Bible), the Reformation Study Bible, the ESV Study Bible, the MacArthur Study Bible and The Lutheran Study Bible.

The Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod adopted the ESV as the official text used in its official hymnal Lutheran Service Book, released in August 2006.

Criticism

Mark L. Strauss, in a paper presented at the 2008 annual meeting of the Evangelical Theological Society has criticized the ESV for using dated language and stated it is unsuited for mainstream use. He has defended gender-inclusive language in translation and claims the ESV uses similar gender-inclusive language. Strauss has also speculated that criticism against competing Bible translations to the ESV is contrived for marketing purposes. ESV translator Wayne Grudem has responded that while on occasion the ESV translates person or one where previous translations used man, it keeps gender-specific language and does not go as far as other translations. The ESV web site makes a similar statement. ESV translator William D. Mounce has called these arguments against the ESV ad hominem.

Notes

  1. Clontz (2008, Preface) harvtxt error: no target: CITEREFClontz2008 (help) ranks the English Standard Version in sixth place in a comparison of twenty-one translations, at 83% correspondence to the Nestle-Aland 27th ed.
  2. Rose Publishing 2006 harvnb error: no target: CITEREFRose_Publishing2006 (help)
  3. Brown II, Philip. "Translation Comparison Charts". Retrieved 2/24/2014. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  4. Stec 2004, p. 421
  5. Decker, Rodney (2004), "The English Standard Version: A Review Article" (PDF), The Journal of Ministry & Theology, 8 (2): 5–31
  6. Crossway Staff 2006
  7. ^ Strauss 2008
  8. Crossway Bibles 2011, p. VII
  9. Marlowe, Michael. "English Standard Version". Retrieved 2/24/2014. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  10. ^ Dennis 2011
  11. Butterfield, Glen (2013). Bible Unity. WestBowPress. p. 42. ISBN 9781490805498.
  12. ^ Oxford University Press 2009, p. 1177 harvnb error: no target: CITEREFOxford_University_Press2009 (help)
  13. Oxford University Press 2012 harvnb error: no target: CITEREFOxford_University_Press2012 (help)
  14. Oxford University Press (2 March 2006), The Scofield Study Bible: English Standard Version, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-527877-4, retrieved 7 December 2012
  15. Sproul, R C, ed. (1 July 2008), Reformation Study Bible (ESV), P & R Publishing Company, ISBN 978-1-59638-136-0, retrieved 7 December 2012
  16. ESV Study Bible, HarperCollins Publishers Limited, 14 April 2011, ISBN 978-0-00-743766-5, retrieved 7 December 2012
  17. Crossway Bibles (10 August 2010), The Macarthur Study Bible: English Standard Version, Good News Publisher, ISBN 978-1-4335-0400-6, retrieved 7 December 2012
  18. Concordia Publishing House (31 October 2009), The Lutheran Study Bible: English Standard Version, Concordia Publishing House, ISBN 978-0-7586-1760-6, retrieved 7 December 2012
  19. Concordia Publishing House (1 January 2005), Lutheran Service Book, Concordia Publishing House, pp. Copyright Page, ISBN 978-0-7586-1218-2, retrieved 7 December 2012
  20. Mounce 2011

References

External links

English-language translations of the Bible
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