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John Foster "Chip" Berlet (born November 22, 1949), is senior analyst at Political Research Associates — a progressive think tank with a staff of eight which specializes in researching the political right and tracking and analyzing right-wing movements and government intelligence abuse. He has published articles in publications ranging from Radical America, Overthrow, and High Times, to the New York Times and Boston Globe. He has appeared live on ABC’s Nightline, NBC’s Today Show, and CBS This Morning. He has been interviewed on scores of other national and local television and radio news programs and talk shows, including NPR’s All Things Considered, Terry Gross’s Fresh Air, David Barsamian’s Alternative Radio, and Amy Goodman's Democracy Now.
Berlet began his activism in the civil rights movement through the Presbyterian Church in the mid-1960s, and later became involved in the antiwar movement. During this period he began using his nickname "Chip" instead of his birth name. In the 1970s Berlet was an editor at the College Press Service collective and later was a magazine editor at the National Student Association, but this was several years after it was exposed as a CIA front, not before, as wrongly claimed by Lyndon LaRouche supporters. Berlet became interested in government intelligence abuse and covert action while researching FBI spying and disruption of the Alternative Press for the Underground Press Syndicate where he served on the board of directors. During the late 1970s Berlet was the Washington, D.C. bureau chief of High Times magazine.
Berlet gained a reputation during the 1970s and 1980s as a researcher into government abuses of civil liberties, and as a critic of intelligence agencies and the FBI. Articles of his appeared in publications such as Covert Action Quarterly, and he, along with Linda Lotz, issued a widely-circulated list of recommended books on government abuses. He was a founder of a national newsletter devoted to training attorneys to litigate against police misconduct and spying abuse, and he worked as a paralegal investigator on several lawsuits aginst the FBI, CIA, Military Intelligence, and local city and state "Red Squads." In the 1980s, Berlet worked with and later edited the Public Eye magazine, now published by Political Research Associates.
During the 1988 Presidential campaign in the United States, Berlet issued a report entitled "Clouds Blur the Rainbow" about the New Alliance Party, which placed Lenora Fulani on the ballot in all 50 states as a third party Presidential candidate that year. The report noted that in 1974, Fred Newman (the psychotherapist who later founded the New Alliance Party) had entered into a alliance with Lyndon LaRouche, which lasted less than a year. Critics, including Berlet and previous New Alliance Party presidential candidate Dennis Serrette, argued that the New Alliance Party was in fact a psychotherapy cult that was more a vehicle for Fred Newman's Social Therapy movement than it was a left-wing third political party, and which continued to incorporate some of LaRouche's ideas.
In 1995 Berlet edited a collection of articles about right-wing political and social movements, which appeared as the book Eyes Right! Challenging the Right Wing Backlash, from South End Press. The book received a Gustavus Myers Center Award for outstanding scholarship on the subject of human rights and intolerance in North America. In 2000 Berlet and co-author Matthew N. Lyons wrote Right-Wing Populism in America: Too Close for Comfort, published by the Guilford Press. This book was also was recognized with a Gustavus Myers award.
Starting in the late 1990s, Berlet began writing a number of articles and book chapters on racist, antisemitic, and fascist social movements; focusing on what he calls the dynamics of conspiracism, demonization, and apocalypticism. He served on the advisory board of the Center for Millennial Studies at Boston University. Berlet continues to write about government intelligence abuse, including an article he co-wrote on domestic political repression in Amnesty Now for Amnesty International, USA. He is on the advisory board of the National Committee Against Repressive Legislation.
While the vast majority of material written by Berlet makes no mention of Lyndon LaRouche, in the 1970s and 1980s, Berlet wrote reports and articles on LaRouche for several magazines and newspapers. These articles claimed LaRouche had a right-wing agenda and was an antisemite and fascist. In 1984, LaRouche filed an unsuccessful civil libel suit against NBC, the Anti-Defamation League, Dennis King, and Berlet. LaRouche lost the case and the jury awarded damages from a counter-suit to NBC News. LaRouche supporters claim that Berlet was a member of a group they call the John Train Salon that allegedly planned a media campaign to discredit LaRouche.
During the 1991 Gulf War Berlet began criticizing other left-wing critics of intelligence agencies as wittingly or unwittingly being channels for conspiracy theories of the extreme right. In articles which appeared in magazines including The Progressive and In These Times, Berlet criticized the Christic Institute, Craig Hulet, Victor Marchetti, L. Fletcher Prouty, Mark Lane, the Oliver Stone film JFK, and the October Surprise theory. This is ironic because the reading list circulated by Berlet in the 1980s contained books by Marchetti and Prouty. PRA published a Berlet report entitled Right Woos Left in 1990 about many of the above theories and his claim that their origins were within a populism of the political right wing, and not genuinely progressive or leftist. His 2000 book Right-Wing Populism in America is based on these theories.
A few critics of Berlet consider his actions during that period to have been unfair and disruptive on the left, especially because of the resulting pressure on media outlets such as Pacifica Radio to drop such popular guests as Craig Hulet, Dave Emory, and John Judge, and to reduce coverage of conspiracy-related programs on the JFK assassination, October Surprise, and Iran-Contra scandal. Yet there are many supporters of Berlet and his efforts to raise questions about the relationships among "conspiracism," apocalyptic dualism, and bigotry, including reporters and staffers on several Pacifica radio stations, authors Sara Diamond, David Corn, Holly Sklar, G. William Domhoff, Norman Solomon, and Janet Biehl; as well as Irwin Knoll, the late publisher of the Progressive Magazine. In 2004, the Pacifica network featured a speech by and interview with Berlet as part of a national fundraising drive for the Pacifica archives, demonstrating that despite being controversial, Berlet's work has both supporters and detractors.
While in 1991 Berlet mostly limited his criticisms of left-right alliances to those willing to work with groups which could be characterized as anti-Semitic, neo-Nazi, or fascist, such as Liberty Lobby and the Populist Party, Berlet has also been critical of those willing to work with Antiwar.com and with industrialist Roger Milliken, both of whom are conservative but neither of whom are fascist. Berlet says they promote "xenophobia." Berlet has also been critical of Ralph Nader, Alexander Cockburn, and Ramsey Clark, who work with populists of the right on common issues of concern, such as anti-globalization and antiwar activism; but who seldom raise questions about the racism, sexism, or homophobia of their right-wing coalition partners. Berlet argues that progressives in such coalitions need to maintain a position of principled criticism and not sweep issues of bigotry under the rug.
Berlet's critics, such as Mark Evans, are suspicious of Berlet's role. Evans charged that Berlet's "...sudden prominence and cachet on the progressive political scene portends a dangerous tendency which might aptly be called Neo-Mugwump or left-wing McCarthyism." Another critic of Berlet is Laird Wilcox, who specializes in researching extremist political movements and who archives a collection of extremist materials at the University of Kansas library. Wilcox notes that Berlet himself has a history of activity on the extreme left, including being a co-founder of the Chicago Friends of Albania. PRA is one of four groups profiled in the report The Watchdogs by Laird Wilcox, who notes: "The watchdog 'second string' which includes the Center For Democratic Renewal and Political Research Associates, are noted for their radical political agenda and extensive 'links and ties' to extremist groups of the far left. These four organizations are closely studied in this detailed investigative report, which reveals a little-known side that they would prefer kept from the public."
Another critic is Daniel Brandt, who is, like Berlet, a former activist in the New Left groups of the late 1960s, and is now best known for the NameBase software and website. Among Brandt's criticisms: "He isn't critical of conspiracy thinking on the basis of the evidence, but waits until the theorist can be shown to have incorrect political associations. Berlet doesn't fit anywhere on our spectrum; he's running his own show."
However, in Berlet's study Right Woos Left, Berlet offers a different perspective: "Dan Brandt, whose Namebase research database software remains a very useful research tool, originally attempted to keep my criticisms of his defense of Fletcher Prouty in perspective. He later began openly praising Spotlight, claiming he could find no anti-Jewish bias in its pages, and denouncing me as part of an alleged PC thought police movement on the left." The Prouty criticism by Berlet was sparked when the late Prouty had his book on intelligence policy, The Secret Team, republished by the Institute for Historical Review, a group primarily devoted to denying the commonly understood facts about the Nazi genocide of Jews and others.
External links
- The Public Eye, the website of Political Research Associates (PRA)
- More background on LaRouche by critics (from the PRA website)
- Official PRA website background on Berlet (pro-Berlet)
- Berlet on conspiracism, apocalyptic dualism, and bigotry, (from the New Internationalist website)
- Berlet report Right Woos Left (from the PRA website)
- The Sucker Punch of Right/Left Coalitions (from the PRA website)
- Right-Wing Populism (from the PRA website)
- NameBase.org citation on the Quinde Affidavit
- The John Train Salon (LaRouche's criticism of Berlet's work)
- Ramparts article on the National Student Association
- Laird Wilcox's website (researcher on extremist movements; critical of Berlet)
- NameBase (Daniel Brandt's research on government abuse and the right wing; critical of Berlet)
- What's Become of the White Left, by Dan Friedman (New Alliance Party criticism of Berlet)
- Scrutinizing the Scrutinizers, by Lenora Fulani (more NAP criticism of Berlet)
- Finding Our Way Out of Oklahoma, by Adam Parfrey (critical of Berlet)
- The Truth Matters: Berlet's Papal Bull is Back, by Ace Hayes (critical of Berlet)
- Oilempire.us site on Berlet (critical of Berlet)