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Condensation reaction

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A condensation reaction (a.k.a. dehydration synthesis)is a class of organic addition reaction that typically proceeds in a step-wise fashion to produce the addition product, usually in equilibrium, and a water molecule (hence named condensation). The reaction may otherwise involve the functional groups of the molecule, and formation of a small molecule such as ammonia, ethanol, or acetic acid instead of water. It is a versatile class of reactions that can occur in acidic or basic conditions or in the presence of a catalyst. This class of reactions is a vital part of life as it is essential to the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids and the biosynthesis of fatty acids.

Idealized scheme showing condensation of two amino acids to give a peptide bond.

Many variations of condensation reactions exist, common examples include the aldol condensation, Claisen condensation, Knoevenagel condensation, and the Dieckman condensation (intramolecular Claisen condensation).

See also

References

  1. oktatási hivatal, OKTATÁSI ÉS KULTURÁLIS MINISZTÉRIUM (2008). BIOLÓGIA ANGOL NYELVEN EMELT SZINTŰ ÍRÁSBELI VIZSGA (PDF). Hungary: OKTATÁSI ÉS KULTURÁLIS MINISZTÉRIUM. pp. 3 / 20 I. The importance of some inorganic molecules in the living world 10. {{cite book}}: line feed character in |first= at position 23 (help); line feed character in |publisher= at position 23 (help); line feed character in |title= at position 9 (help)
  2. Fakirov, S. (2019-02-01). "Condensation Polymers: Their Chemical Peculiarities Offer Great Opportunities". Progress in Polymer Science. 89: 1–18. doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2018.09.003. ISSN 0079-6700.
  3. "Condensation Reaction". IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology (Gold Book). IUPAC. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
  4. Voet, Donald; Voet, Judith; Pratt, Chriss (2008). Fundamentals of Biochemistry. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 88. ISBN 978-0470-12930-2.
  5. Bruckner, Reinhard (2002). Advanced Organic Chemistry (First ed.). San Diego, California: Harcourt Academic Press. pp. 414–427. ISBN 0-12-138110-2.
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