This is an old revision of this page, as edited by DorisH (talk | contribs) at 19:45, 16 March 2007 (Undid reversion 115623545 by JohnsonRon (talk), no reasons given on talk). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.
Revision as of 19:45, 16 March 2007 by DorisH (talk | contribs) (Undid reversion 115623545 by JohnsonRon (talk), no reasons given on talk)(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Misplaced Pages's deletion policy.
You may share your thoughts on the matter at this article's entry on the Articles for deletion page.
Please improve the article if possible, but the article must not be blanked, and this notice must not be removed, until the discussion is closed. For more information, particularly on merging or moving the article during the discussion, read the guide to deletion.
Steps to list an article for deletion: {{subst:afd}} • Preloaded debate OR {{subst:afd2|pg=Attachment disorder|cat=|text=}} ~~~~ • {{subst:afd3|pg=Attachment disorder}} log
 | The neutrality of this article is disputed. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please do not remove this message until conditions to do so are met. (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
Attachment disorder is a term based on the psychological theories that
- normal mother-child attachment forms in the first two years of life; and
- if a normal attachment is not formed during the first two to three years, attachment can be induced later.
Attachment disorder is a term that is often seen in the research literature (O'Connor & Zeanah) but which is much broader than the clinical diagnosis of Reactive attachment disorder, which is described in the Diagnostic & Statistical Manual, 4th Edition, Technical Revision, of the American Psychiatric Association.
This theory ( Attachment Theory ) is used, for example, to explain the behavioral difficulties of children who have experienced chronic early maltreatment, such as foster and adopted children.
Attachment therapy is a broad term with no generally agreed-upon meaning, as it covers a wide variety of interventions. As such, some believe the term has lost utility.
Attachment theory was developed by John Bowlby in the 1940s and 1950s, which describes how the attachment relationship develops, why it is crucial to later healthy development, and what are the effects of early maltreatment or other disruptions in this process.
Treatment
There are a variety of prevention programs and treatment approaches for attachment disorder. Attachment theory is the basis for these and other treatment approaches. Several treatments are based on attachment theory including Theraplay and Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy.
Other treatment methods include the Circle of Security Program of Dr. Robert Marvin at the University of Virginia, Developmental, Individual-difference, Relationship-based therapy (DIR or Floor Time) by Stanley Greenspan. (Briere & Scott, 2006).
Dyadic developmental psychotherapy is a treatment approach for the treatment of attachment disorder and reactive attachment disorder. Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy is based on principles derived from Attachment theory and Research; see the work of Bowlby. The treatment meets the standards of the American Professional Society on Child Abuse, The American Academy of Child Psychiatry, American Psychological Association, American Psychiatric Association, National Association of Social Workers, and various other groups' standards for the evaluation and treatment of children and adolescents. This is a non-coercive treatment.
Attachment therapy is a term with little or no agreed upon meaning. It is not a term that is used in generally accepted texts on psychotherapy. Components of "attachment therapy" have been disapproved by a task force of the American Professional Society on Abuse of Children (Chaffin et al.,2006, PMID 16382093). The use of coercive interventions has no basis in theory and is not supported by any reputable professional organization, including The Association for The Treatment and Training in the Attachment of Children, APSAC, APA, NASW, or AMA. The Circle of Security Program, Dyadic developmental psychotherapy, Developmental, Individual-difference, Relationship-based therapy (DIR or Floor Time) by Stanley Greenspan, and Theraplay meet the standards of the American Professional Society on Abuse of Children, as well as various other professional association standards for practice.
See also
- Attachment Therapy
- Stanley Greenspan
- Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
- Complex Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
- emotional dysregulation
References
- Becker-Weidman, A., & Shell, D., (Eds.) (2005) Creating Capacity For Attachment, Wood 'N' Barnes, OK. ISBN 1-885473-72-9
- ^ Becker-Weidman, A., (2006). Treatment for Children with Trauma-Attachment Disorders: Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy, Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal. Vol. 23 #2, April 2006.
- Briere, J., Scott,C.,(2006), Principles of Trauma Therapy: A guide to symptoms, evaluation, and treatment. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Additional Reading and References
- Becker-Weidman, A., & Shell, D., (Eds.) (2005) Creating Capacity For Attachment, Wood 'N' Barnes, OK. ISBN 1-885473-72-9
- Handbook of Infant Mental Health, edited by Charles Zeanah, MD, Guilford Press, 1993, NY.
- Handbook of Attachment: Theory, Research, and Clinical Applications, edited by Jude Cassidy, Ph.D., & Phillip Shaver, Ph.D, Guilford Press, NY (1999).
- Building the Bonds of Attachment, 2nd. Edition by Daniel Hughes, Ph.D., Guilford Press, 2006.
- "Treatment for Children with Trauma-Attachment Disorders: Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy" Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal. 12(6), December 2005.
- Creating Capacity For Attachment, (Eds.) Arthur Becker-Weidman, Ph.D., and Deborah Shell, MA, Wood 'N' Barnes, OK: 2005.ISBN 1-885473-72-9
- O'Connor and Zeanah (2003) "Attachment disorders and assessment approaches Attachment and Human Development 5(3)223-244:Taylor and Francis
- Hughes, Daniel, (1999) Building the Bonds of Attachment, NY: Guilford Press.
- Hughes, D. (2004). An attachment-based treatment of maltreated children and young people. Attachment & Human Development, 3, 263–278.
- Hughes, D. (2003). Psychological intervention for the spectrum of attachment disorders and intrafamilial trauma. Attachment & Human Development, 5, 271–279.
- Holmes, J., The Search for the Secure Base, (2001), Brunner-Routledge, Philadelphia, PA.
- Bowlby, J., A Secure Base, (1988), Basic Boosk, NY.
- Briere, J., and Scott, C., (2006) Principles of Trauma Therapy: A guide to symptoms, evaluation, and treatment. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.