Misplaced Pages

Jabba the Hutt

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Wafflewombat (talk | contribs) at 23:41, 10 July 2024 (Revised image caption, other small edits). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Revision as of 23:41, 10 July 2024 by Wafflewombat (talk | contribs) (Revised image caption, other small edits)(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff) Character in Star Wars "Jabba's Palace" redirects here. For the card game expansion set, see Star Wars Customizable Card Game.

Fictional character
Jabba the Hutt
Star Wars character
Jabba the Hutt 
First appearanceReturn of the Jedi (1983)
Created byGeorge Lucas
Voiced by
Performed byDavid Barclay
Toby Philpott
Mike Edmonds
In-universe information
SpeciesHutt
GenderMale
OccupationCrime lord
AffiliationGrand Hutt Council 
Crymorah Syndicate 
Family
  • Ziro (uncle)
  • Gorga (nephew)
ChildrenRotta (son)
HomeworldNal Hutta

Jabba the Hutt is a fictional character in the Star Wars franchise. He is a large, slug-like crime lord of the Hutt species. Jabba first appeared in the 1983 film Return of the Jedi, in which he is portrayed by a one-ton puppet operated by several puppeteers. In 1997, he appeared in the Special Edition of the original Star Wars film, which had been retitled Star Wars: Episode IV—A New Hope. Jabba made his third film appearance in the 1999 prequel film The Phantom Menace. He is voiced by Larry Ward in Return of the Jedi and by Scott Schumann in A New Hope and The Phantom Menace.

Jabba lives in a palace on the desert planet Tatooine. He places a bounty on the smuggler Han Solo, and sends bounty hunters to capture him. After Darth Vader freezes Solo in carbonite, the bounty hunter Boba Fett delivers the frozen Solo to Jabba, who puts him on display in his palace. A group of Solo's friends attempt to rescue him, but Jabba captures them; he enslaves Princess Leia and decrees that Luke Skywalker and Chewbacca will be fed to a Sarlacc. Luke orchestrates an escape, and during the chaos Leia strangles Jabba to death.

Concept, creation, and portrayal

Star Wars (A New Hope)

George Lucas wrote and directed Star Wars, which was released in 1977. Jabba was originally supposed to appear in a scene with Han Solo, but the scene was cut after being filmed. The sequence involved Solo discussing a payment he owes Jabba, and was meant to give Solo the motivation to transport dangerous passengers for a high fare. It was also meant to explain why Solo was imprisoned in the following film, The Empire Strikes Back. Lucas cut the scene due to budget and time constraints, and because he felt it did not enhance the film's plot.

In a 1985 interview, Lucas said he originally imagined Jabba as a furry creature that resembled a Wookiee. By the time he completed the Star Wars screenplay, Jabba had evolved into a fat, slug-like creature with a gaping mouth and eyes on extended feelers. When filming Jabba's scene, Declan Mulholland served as a stand-in for the crime lord. Lucas planned to replace Mulholland in post-production with an animated creature.

Lucas completed the scene for the 1997 Special Edition release of A New Hope, replacing Mulholland with a computer-generated version of Jabba. He also replaced the English dialogue with Huttese, a fictional language created by the film's sound designer Ben Burtt. The scene consisted of five shots and took over a year to complete. Joseph Letteri, the visual effects supervisor for the Special Edition, said his goal was to make Jabba look as realistic as a flesh-and-blood character. The scene was refined for the 2004 DVD release, with improvements to Jabba's appearance made possible by advancements in CGI.

Harrison Ford as Han Solo (left) and Jabba's stand-in actor Declan MulhollandA digital version of Jabba replaced Mulholland in the 1997 Special Edition of
A New Hope

At one point during the scene, Ford walks behind Mulholland. This became a problem when adding the CGI Jabba, since his tail would be in the way. The solution was to have Solo step on Jabba's tail, causing him to yelp in pain. In the 2004 DVD release, Jabba reacts more strongly, winding up as if to punch Solo. In this version, shadows of Solo can be seen on Jabba's body to make the CGI more convincing.

According to Lucas, viewers were disappointed with the digital Jabba's appearance, complaining that the character did not look realistic. Lucas dismisses this, stating that whether a character is ultimately portrayed as a puppet or as CGI, it will always be "fake" since the character is ultimately not real. He says he sees no difference between a puppet made of latex and one generated by a computer. According to Paul Blake, who portrayed the bounty hunter Greedo in A New Hope, his own character's scene was created in response to Lucas having to cut the Jabba scene.

Episode VI: Return of the Jedi

Concept art of Jabba the Hutt for Return of the Jedi

Lucas based the CGI on the character as he originally appeared in Return of the Jedi. In this film, Jabba the Hutt is an immense, slug-like creature designed by Lucas' Industrial Light & Magic Creature Shop. Design consultant Ralph McQuarrie claimed, "In my sketches Jabba was huge, agile, sort of an apelike figure. But then the design went into another direction, and Jabba became more like a worm." According to the 1985 documentary From Star Wars to Jedi, Lucas rejected initial designs of the character. One made Jabba appear too human—almost like a Fu Manchu character—while a second made him look too snail-like. Lucas finally settled on a design that was a hybrid of the two, drawing for further inspiration on an O'Galop cartoon figure flanking an early depiction of the Michelin Man. Return of the Jedi costume designer Nilo Rodis-Jamero commented,

My vision of Jabba was literally Orson Welles when he was older. I saw him as a very refined man. Most of the villains we like are very smart people. But Phil Tippett kept imagining him as some kind of slug, almost like in Alice in Wonderland. At one time he sculpted a creature that looked like a slug that's smoking. I kept thinking I must be really off, but eventually that's where it led up to."

Production and design

Jabba was designed by the visual effects artist Phil Tippett, who was inspired by the anatomy of several animal species. Jabba's body structure and reproductive processes were based on annelid worms, which are hermaphroditic, hairless worms with no skeleton. Jabba's head was modeled after that of a snake, complete with bulbous, slit-pupilled eyes and a mouth that opens wide enough to swallow large prey. His skin was given a moist, amphibian quality.

In Return of the Jedi, Jabba is portrayed by a one-ton puppet that took three months and half a million dollars to construct. Stuart Freeborn designed the puppet, while John Coppinger sculpted its latex, clay, and foam pieces. The puppet had its own makeup artist and required three puppeteers to operate, making it one of the largest ever used in a motion picture. The puppeteers included David Barclay, Toby Philpott, and Mike Edmonds, who were members of Jim Henson's Muppet group. Barclay operated the right arm and mouth, while Philpott controlled the left arm, head, and tongue. Edmonds was responsible for the movement of Jabba's tail. The character's eyes and face were operated by radio control. Lucas voiced displeasure at the puppet's appearance and immobility, complaining that it had to be moved around the set to film different scenes. In the audio commentary on the Special Edition DVD of Return of the Jedi, Lucas asserted that, if the technology had been available in 1983, Jabba would have been a computer-generated character.

Jabba's voice was provided by Larry Ward, who was uncredited in the film. A heavy, booming quality was given to Ward's voice by pitching it an octave lower than normal and processing it through a subharmonic generator. A soundtrack of wet, slimy sound effects was recorded to accompany the movement of Jabba's limbs and mouth. The film's composer, John Williams, arranged a musical theme for Jabba that is played on a tuba. Williams later turned the theme into a symphonic piece which he performed with the Boston Pops Orchestra. The musicologist Gerald Sloan said the Jabba theme "blends the monstrous and the lyrical." According to the film historian Laurent Bouzereau, Jabba's strangulation by Leia was inspired by a scene from The Godfather (1972), in which the obese character Luca Brasi is garroted by an assassin.

Other portrayals

Jabba is voiced by Scott Schumann in post-1997 editions of Star Wars and in The Phantom Menace. In the radio dramatizations of the original trilogy, Jabba is voiced by Ed Asner.

Characterization

Jabba has been described as an exemplar of lust, greed, and gluttony. His criminal operations include slavery, gunrunning, spice-smuggling and extortion. He amuses himself by torturing, humiliating and killing both his enemies and his own subordinates. He surrounds himself with scantily-clad slave girls of various species, often chained to his dais. Jabba's appetite is insatiable, and he sometimes threatens to eat his underlings.

In Return of the Jedi, Solo calls Jabba a "slimy piece of worm-ridden filth". The authors Martha and Tom Veitch called his body a "miasmic mass" that seems to release "a greasy discharge, sending fresh waves of rotten stench" into the air. Arthur Knight of The Hollywood Reporter called Jabba a "truly frightening ... walrus-shaped grotesque." The science fiction writer Jeanne Cavelos wrote that he deserves an award for "most disgusting alien". The film critic Roger Ebert described Jabba as loathsome and evil.

Appearances

Films

Although he was mentioned in previous films, Jabba was first seen in Return of the Jedi (1983), the third film of the original trilogy. The beginning of the film features the attempts of Princess Leia, Chewbacca and Luke Skywalker to rescue Han Solo, who was imprisoned in carbonite in The Empire Strikes Back (1980). Jabba has put the hibernating Solo on display in his throne room as a decoration. Leia is able to free Han from the carbonite, but she is caught and enslaved by Jabba, who forces her to wear a metal bikini. Luke arrives to bargain for Solo's life, but Jabba rejects his offer and attempts to feed him to a rancor. After Luke kills the monster, Jabba decrees that he, Solo and Chewbacca will be fed to a Sarlacc, a deadly ground-dwelling beast. Luke orchestrates an escape with the help of R2-D2, and defeats Jabba's thugs. During the chaos, Leia strangles Jabba to death with the chain used to enslave her. As Luke and his friends depart, Jabba's sail barge explodes.

Jabba appears in the Special Edition of Star Wars, which was released in 1997 to commemorate the film's 20th anniversary. After killing the bounty hunter Greedo, Solo meets with Jabba, who demands that Solo compensate him for lost cargo. Solo pledges to make the payment, and Jabba threatens to place a large bounty on him if he does not follow through. Jabba also appears briefly in the 1999 prequel film The Phantom Menace. He launches a podrace at Mos Espa, then falls asleep and misses the conclusion of the race.

The Clone Wars

Jabba figures into the plot of the animated film Star Wars: The Clone Wars, wherein his son Rotta is captured by Separatists, where it is later revealed that Ziro, Jabba's uncle, took part in the kidnapping as part of his plan to take full control of the Hutt Clan. Jedi Knight Anakin Skywalker (voiced by Matt Lanter) and his Padawan Ahsoka Tano (voiced by Ashley Eckstein) return him to Jabba in exchange for the safe passage of Republic ships through his territory. This is backed up by Padme exposing Ziro's crimes to Jabba, who vows to ensure that Ziro will be punished severely.

Jabba subsequently appeared in a handful of episodes of The Clone Wars series, starting in the third season. In the episode "Sphere of Influence", wherein Jabba is faced by Chairman Papanoida, whose daughters were kidnapped by Greedo, Jabba allows a sample of Greedo's blood to be taken to prove him the kidnapper. In the episode "Evil Plans", Jabba hires the bounty hunter Cad Bane (voiced by Corey Burton) to bring him plans for the Senate building. When Bane returns successful, Jabba and the Hutt Council send Bane to free Ziro from prison. Jabba next makes a short appearance in the episode "Hunt for Ziro" in which he is seen laughing at his uncle's death at the hand of Sy Snootles (voiced by Nika Futterman), and pays her for delivering Ziro's holo-diary. In the fifth seasons episode "Eminence", Jabba and the Hutt Council are approached by Shadow Collective leaders Darth Maul (voiced by Sam Witwer), Savage Opress (voiced by Clancy Brown), and Pre Vizsla (voiced by Jon Favreau); when disappointed by these, Jabba sends bounty hunters Embo (voiced by Dave Filoni), Dengar (voiced by Simon Pegg), Sugi (voiced by Anna Graves), and Latts Razzi (voiced by Clare Grant) to capture them. After a battle, the Shadow Collective confront Jabba at his palace on Tatooine, where Jabba agrees to an alliance.

Star Wars Legends

See also: Star Wars in other media

Following the acquisition of Lucasfilm by The Walt Disney Company in 2012, most of the licensed Star Wars novels and comics produced between 1977 and 2014 were rebranded as Star Wars Legends and declared non-canon to the franchise. The Legends works comprise a separate narrative universe.

The first released appearances of Jabba the Hutt in any visual capacity were in Marvel Comics' adaptation of A New Hope. In Six Against the Galaxy (1977) by Roy Thomas, What Ever Happened to Jabba the Hut? (1979) and In Mortal Combat (1980), both by Archie Goodwin, Jabba the Hutt, originally spelled Hut, appeared as a tall humanoid with a walrus-like face, a topknot, and a bright uniform. The official "Jabba" was not yet established as he had yet to be seen.

Jabba as he appears in Marvel Comics' adaptation of the first Star Wars film

While awaiting the sequel to Star Wars, Marvel kept the monthly comic going with their own stories. One of which includes Jabba tracking Han Solo and Chewbacca down to an old hideaway they use for smuggling. However, circumstances force Jabba to lift the bounty on Solo and Chewbacca, enabling them to return to Tatooine for an adventure with Luke Skywalker. In the course of another adventure, Solo kills the space pirate Crimson Jack and busts up his operation, which Jabba bankrolled. Jabba thus renews the reward for Solo's head. Solo later kills a bounty hunter who tells him why he is hunted once more. He and Chewbacca return to the Rebels, where in The Empire Strikes Back Solo mentions an incident with a "bounty hunter we ran into on Ord Mantell".

The Marvel artists based this Jabba on a character later named Mosep Binneed, an alien visible only briefly in the Mos Eisley Cantina scene of A New Hope. The 1977 mass-market paperback novelization of Lucas's Star Wars script describes Jabba as a "great mobile tub of muscle and suet topped by a shaggy scarred skull", but gives no further detail as to the character's physical appearance or species.

Zorba the Hutt's Revenge (1992), a young-adult novel by Paul and Hollace Davids, identifies Jabba's father as another powerful crime lord named Zorba and reveals that Jabba was born 596 years before the events of A New Hope, making him around 600 years old at the time of his death in Return of the Jedi. Four comics exploring Jabba's backstory were written by Jim Woodring and released by Dark Horse Comics in 1995–96; these were collected as Jabba the Hutt: The Art of the Deal in 1998. Ann C. Crispin's novel The Hutt Gambit (1997) explains how Jabba and Han Solo become business associates and portrays the events that lead to a bounty being placed on Han's head.

Tales from Jabba's Palace (1996), a collection of short stories edited by Kevin J. Anderson, pieces together the lives of Jabba the Hutt's various minions in his palace and their relationship to him during the last days of his life. These stories reveal that very few of the Hutt's servants are loyal to him, with many plans underway among their ranks to attempt his assassination. When Jabba the Hutt is killed in Return of the Jedi, his surviving former courtiers join forces with his rivals on Tatooine and his family on the Hutt homeworld Nal Hutta make claims to his palace, fortune, and criminal empire. Timothy Zahn's novel Heir to the Empire (1991) reveals that a smuggler named Talon Karrde eventually replaces Jabba as the "big fish in the pond" and moves the headquarters of the Hutt's criminal empire off of Tatooine.

Reception

The Telegraph said that Jabba is one of the "most memorable Star Wars creatures". Jabba ranked #5 on the Forbes Fictional 15 list of wealthiest fictional characters in 2008. Business Insider's Travis Clark said, "Like Stormtroopers or Darth Vader, some villains just come to mind when you think of Star Wars. Jabba is another one of them." Rolling Stone said that Jabba is "without a doubt the finest Star Wars portrait of the id" and that you have to "admire his dedication of being his true, absolutely horrendous self". The Denver Post applauded the special effects team on Return of the Jedi for making Jabba look like a "horrid creature".

The computer-generated Jabba in the re-release of A New Hope has been contrasted with the puppet version in Return of the Jedi. After the Hutt Twins' first appearance in The Book of Boba Fett, Matt Singer of ScreenCrush wrote that no Hutt should ever be CG, as it does not appear realistic. TheWrap's Phil Owen said that the CG Jabba looked "incredibly horrible". Matt Goldberg of Collider said, "The CGI Jabba the Hutt looked awful."

Notes

  1. Return of the Jedi (1983)
  2. Return of the Jedi
  3. Star Wars Special Edition
    The Phantom Menace
  4. Return of the Jedi radio drama
  5. The Phantom Menace (video game)
    Star Wars: Demolition
    Star Wars: Galactic Battlegrounds
    Star Wars: Bounty Hunter
  6. Star Wars: The Force Unleashed
  7. Lego Star Wars: The Yoda Chronicles
  8. The Clone Wars film and television series
    Disney Infinity 3.0
    Lego Star Wars: The Freemaker Adventures
    Lego Star Wars: The Skywalker Saga
  9. Attributed to multiple references:

References

Citations

  1. ^ Beecroft & Hidalgo 2016, p. 105.
  2. George Lucas interview, Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope, Special Edition (VHS, 20th Century Fox, 1997).
  3. George Lucas commentary, Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope, Special Edition, dir. George Lucas, (DVD, 20th Century Fox, 2004).
  4. ^ "Jabba the Hutt, Behind the Scenes". StarWars.com. Star Wars Databank. Archived from the original on May 1, 2008. Retrieved July 3, 2006.
  5. Joseph Letteri interview, Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope, Special Edition (VHS, 20th Century Fox, 1997).
  6. "A New Hope: Special Edition – What has changed?". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on February 29, 2008. Retrieved October 3, 2016.
  7. "Star Wars: The Changes — Part One" at DVDActic.com Archived December 23, 2010, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved July 3, 2006.
  8. ^ George Lucas commentary, Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi, Special Edition, dir. Richard Marquand (DVD, 20th Century Fox, 2004).
  9. Carbone, Gina (November 17, 2019). "Greedo Actor Is Confused By 'Maclunkey,' And Star Wars In General". CinemaBlend. Archived from the original on November 17, 2019. Retrieved November 17, 2019.
  10. Ralph McQuarrie, quoted in Laurent Bouzereau, Star Wars: The Annotated Screenplays (New York: Del Rey, 1997), p. 239, ISBN 0-345-40981-7.
  11. ^ From Star Wars to Jedi: The Making of a Saga, narrated by Mark Hamill (1985; VHS, CBS Fox Video, 1992).
  12. Nilo Rodis-Jamero, quoted in Bouzereau, Annotated Screenplays, p. 239.
  13. "Biography of Phil Tippett". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on July 8, 2006. Retrieved July 3, 2006.
  14. Sansweet, Stephen J. (1998). "Hutt". Star Wars Encyclopedia. New York: Del Rey. p. 134. ISBN 0-345-40227-8.
  15. Holman, Tomlinson (2002). Sound for Film and Television. Burlington, Massachusetts: Focal Press. p. 11. ISBN 0-240-80453-8.
  16. Ben Burtt commentary, Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi, Special Edition, dir. Richard Marquand (DVD, 20th Century Fox, 2004).
  17. "Review of Return of the Jedi soundtrack". Filmtracks.com. Archived from the original on June 16, 2006. Retrieved July 3, 2006.
  18. Sloan, Gerald (June 27, 2000). "Evening The Score: UA Professor Explores Tuba Music In Film". Daily Digest. University of Arkansas. Archived from the original on December 26, 2008. Retrieved July 3, 2006.
  19. Bourezeau, Laurent (1997). Star Wars: The Annotated Screenplays. Ballantine Books. p. 259. ISBN 978-0345409812.
  20. Holman, Tomlinson (June 20, 2014). Surround Sound: Up and Running – 2nd Edition. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781136115899. Retrieved April 12, 2021.
  21. Ryan, Mike (April 2, 2015). "That Time John Lithgow Played Yoda And Ed Asner Played Jabba The Hutt For A 'Star Wars' Radio Broadcast". Uproxx. Retrieved February 2, 2022.
  22. Pomerance, Murray (2004). Schneider, Steven Jay (ed.). "Hitchcock and the Dramaturgy of Screen Violence". New Hollywood Violence. Manchester, England: Manchester University Press: 47. ISBN 0-7190-6723-5.
  23. "Character: Jabba the Hutt". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on March 25, 2008. Retrieved July 3, 2006.
  24. Kahn, James (May 12, 1983). Return of the Jedi: Star Wars: Episode VI. Random House Worlds. ISBN 978-0-345-30767-5.
  25. Tyers, Kathy (1996). "A Time to Mourn, A Time to Dance: Oola's Tale". In Anderson, Kevin J. (ed.). Tales from Jabba's Palace. p. 80.
  26. Windham, Ryder (1996). "This Crumb for Hire". A Decade of Dark Horse #2. Dark Horse Comics.
  27. Friesner, Esther M. (1996). "That's Entertainment: The Tale of Salacious Crumb". In Anderson, Kevin J. (ed.). Tales from Jabba's Palace. pp. 60–79.
  28. Veitch, Tom; Veitch, Martha (1996). "A Hunter's Fate: Greedo's Tale". In Anderson, Kevin J. (ed.). Tales from the Mos Eisley Cantina. New York City: Bantam Spectra. pp. 49–53. ISBN 0-553-56468-4.
  29. Knight, Arthur (November 28, 2014). "'Star Wars: Return of the Jedi': THR's 1983 Review". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved March 2, 2022.
  30. Cavelos, Jeanne (1999). Just Because It Goes 'Ho Ho Ho' Doesn't Mean It's Santa: The Science of Star Wars: An Astrophysicist's Independent Examination of Space Travel, Aliens, Planets, and Robots as Portrayed in the Star Wars Films and Books. New York City: St. Martin's Press. p. 57. ISBN 0-312-20958-4.
  31. Ebert, Roger (May 25, 1983). "Return of the Jedi review". Chicago Sun-Times. Chicago: Sun-Times Media Group. Archived from the original on February 3, 2013. Retrieved July 3, 2006.
  32. Richard Marquand (director) (2005) . Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi (DVD). Los Angeles, California: 20th Century Fox.
  33. "Star Wars: Databank | Mos Espa Grand Arena". web.archive.org. March 3, 2008. Retrieved July 5, 2024.
  34. Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace, dir. George Lucas (DVD, 20th Century Fox, 1999), disc 1.
  35. ^ Roy, Jennifer (December 20, 2022). "Will Star Wars: The Book of Boba Fett Feature Jabba the Hutt's Family?". ComicBook.com. Retrieved February 2, 2022.
  36. Blauvelt, Christian (October 1, 2010). "'Star Wars: The Clone Wars' recap: Greedo shot first!". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved February 2, 2022.
  37. McEwan, Cameron (October 4, 2010). "Star Wars: The Clone Wars season 3 episode 4 review: Sphere Of Influence". Den of Geek. Retrieved February 2, 2022.
  38. McEwan, Cameron (November 15, 2010). "Star Wars: The Clone Wars season 3 episode 8 review: Evil Plans". Den of Geek. Retrieved February 2, 2022.
  39. Goldman, Eric (May 4, 2012). "Star Wars: The Clone Wars - "Evil Plans" Review". IGN. Retrieved February 2, 2022.
  40. Goldman, Eric (May 4, 2012). "Star Wars: The Clone Wars - "Hunt for Ziro" Review". IGN. Retrieved February 2, 2022.
  41. "SHADOWS OF THE SITH". StarWars.com. Retrieved February 2, 2022.
  42. Goldman, Eric (January 19, 2013). "Star Wars: The Clone Wars - "Eminence" Review". IGN. Retrieved February 2, 2022.
  43. McMilian, Graeme (April 25, 2014). "Lucasfilm Unveils New Plans for Star Wars Expanded Universe". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on April 29, 2016. Retrieved May 26, 2016.
  44. "The Legendary Star Wars Expanded Universe Turns a New Page". StarWars.com. April 25, 2014. Archived from the original on September 10, 2016. Retrieved May 26, 2016.
  45. "Disney and Random House announce relaunch of Star Wars Adult Fiction line". StarWars.com. April 25, 2014. Archived from the original on May 14, 2016. Retrieved May 26, 2016.
  46. Dinsdale, Ryan (May 4, 2023). "The Star Wars Canon: The Definitive Guide". IGN. Retrieved May 31, 2024.
  47. Mcguire, Liam (October 6, 2021). "Star Wars: Marvel Accidentally Made Jabba The Hutt A Different Creature". Screen Rant. Retrieved February 2, 2022.
  48. ^ Roy Thomas (w). "Six Against the Galaxy" Marvel Star Wars, no. 2 (August 1977). Marvel.
  49. ^ Archie Goodwin (w). "In Mortal Combat" Marvel Star Wars, no. 37 (July 1980). Marvel..
  50. Lucas, George (1977). Star Wars: From the Adventures of Luke Skywalker (paperback ed.). New York: Del Rey. p. 107. ISBN 0-345-26079-1.
  51. Davids, Paul; Davids, Hollace (1992). Zorba the Hutt's Revenge. New York City: Bantam Spectra. ISBN 0-553-15889-9.
  52. Jim Woodring (w). Jabba the Hutt: The Art of the Deal (1998). Dark Horse Comics, ISBN 1-56971-310-3.
  53. Von Busack, Richard (August 6, 1998). "Jabba the Hutt slimes his way through a new graphic novel". metroactive.com. Metroactive Books. Archived from the original on December 31, 2007. Retrieved March 6, 2019.
  54. Crispin, Anne C. (1997). The Hutt Gambit. New York City: Bantam Spectra. ISBN 0-553-57416-7.
  55. Anderson, Kevin J., ed. (1996). Tales from Jabba's Palace. New York City: Bantam Spectra. ISBN 0-553-56815-9.
  56. Zahn, Timothy (1991). Heir to the Empire. New York City: Bantam Spectra. p. 27. ISBN 0-553-29612-4.
  57. "Jabba the Hutt | May the fourth: 67 Star Wars characters, ranked from worst to best". The Telegraph. May 4, 2021. Retrieved March 2, 2022.
  58. Noer, Michal (December 18, 2008). "In Pictures: The Forbes Fictional 15". Forbes. Retrieved February 2, 2022.
  59. Clark, Travis (May 23, 2018). "The 30 most important 'Star Wars' movie villains, ranked from worst to best". Business Insider. Retrieved February 5, 2022.
  60. Hoffman, Jordan; Fischer, Russ; Tobias, Scott; Ehrlich, David; Murray, Noel; Grierson, Tim; Collins, Sean (May 4, 2020). "50 Best 'Star Wars' Characters of All Time". Rolling Stone. Retrieved February 5, 2022.
  61. ""Return of the Jedi" original Star Wars movie review – 1983". The Denver Post. May 25, 1983. Retrieved March 2, 2021.
  62. Singer, Matt (January 6, 2022). "'Star Wars' Hutts Should Never, Ever Be CGI". ScreenCrush. Retrieved March 2, 2022.
  63. Owen, Phil (August 23, 2021). "13 Movies That Had Absolutely Aweful CGI (Photos)". TheWrap. Retrieved March 2, 2022.
  64. Goldberg, Matt (February 10, 2012). "Editorial: It's Time to Make Peace with STAR WARS". Collider. Retrieved March 2, 2022.

Works cited

Further reading

External links

Star Wars original trilogy
Films
Theatrical
Television
Characters
Novelizations
Related novels
Soundtracks
Video games
Episode IV
Episode V
Episode VI
Other
Star Wars prequel trilogy
Films
Live-action
Animated
Series
Characters
Novelizations
Soundtracks
Video games
Episode I
Episode II
Episode III
Clone Wars
Other
Other
Star Wars: The Clone Wars
Media
Characters
Original
Returning
Related
Fictional universe of Star Wars
Concepts
Characters
Films
Television
series
Video games
Other
Legends
Books
Video games
Lists
Groups
Organizations
Republican factions
Imperialist factions
Independent factions
Planets
and moons
Creatures
Sapient species
Other creatures
Technology
Weapons
Terrestrial vehicles
Starfighters
Spacecraft
Games
Portals: Categories: