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NKo (ߒߞߏ) is a standardized unified koiné form of several Manding languages written in the NKo alphabet. It is used in Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso and some other West African countries, primarily, but not exclusively, in written form, whereas in speech the different varieties of Manding are used: Maninka, Bambara, Dyula and others.

It is a literary register with a prescriptive grammar known as ߞߊ߲ߜߍ (kángbɛ, kán-gbɛ "language-manner") codified by Solomana Kante, with the màninkamóri variety, spoken in Kante's native Kankan region, serving as the mediating compromise dialect.

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Notes

1. Sometimes spelled "N'Ko", "N'ko" or "Nko".

References

1. Donaldson, Coleman (January 2017). "Donaldson, Coleman (2017) Clear Language: Script, Register and the N'ko Movement of Manding-Speaking West Africa. Doctoral Dissertation, Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania". pp. 1–303. Archived from the original on 2019-02-21. Retrieved 2019-02-21.
2. Donaldson, Coleman (January 2017). "Donaldson, Coleman (2017) "Orthography, Standardization and Register: The Case of Manding." In Standardizing Minority Languages: Competing Ideologies of Authority and Authenticity in the Global Periphery, edited by Pia Lane, James Costa, and Haley De Korne, 175–199. Routledge Critical Studies in Multilingualism. New York, NY: Routledge". Gse Graduate Student Research (2). Archived from the original on 2020-06-01. Retrieved 2019-02-21.
3. Donaldson, Coleman (2019-03-01). "Linguistic and Civic Refinement in the N'ko Movement of Manding-Speaking West Africa". Signs and Society. 7 (2): 156–185, 181. doi:10.1086/702554. ISSN 2326-4489. S2CID 181625415.
4. "N'Ko Language Tutorial: Introduction". Archived from the original on 2021-06-10. Retrieved 2018-12-01.

External links

• N'Ko–English–French–Arabic dictionary at kanjamadi.org

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