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For the Southern Chinese self-defence technique of the Hakka people, see Southern Praying Mantis (martial art).

Inspired by the aggressiveness of the eponymous insect, Wang Lang created the Northern Praying Mantis style (Chinese: 螳螂拳; pinyin: tánglángquán; lit. 'praying mantis fist') of Chinese martial arts, sometimes called Shandong Praying Mantis after its province of origin. Shaolin records document that Wang Lang was one of the 18 masters gathered by the Shaolin Abbot Fu Ju, which dates him and Northern Praying Mantis to the beginning of the Northern Song Dynasty (960–1127).

Though small and feeble, the mantis is capable of using its forelegs to subdue animals larger than itself. In combat, the Northern Praying Mantis style mimicks the movements of its namesake insect, particularly the use of the hands in the shape of the "praying mantis hook" (螳螂勾; pinyin: tángláng gōu). Northern Praying Mantis is especially famous for its speed and continuous attacks. Another prominent feature of the style is its complex footwork, borrowed from Monkey Kung Fu.

Styles

Widespread styles

There are several styles of Northern Praying Mantis, the most famous of which are:

Seven Star Praying Mantis Boxing 七星螳螂拳

pinyin: qī xīng tángláng quán

This style is widespread in Shandong Province and surrounding areas. Luó Guāngyù (羅光玉) is also famous for having passed down this style to Hong Kong and other parts of South China, where it is still practiced today. Seven Star is known as the 'hardest' of the Praying Mantis styles.

Tàijí/Plum Blossom/Tàijí Plum Blossom Praying Mantis Boxing 太極/梅花/太極梅花螳螂拳

pinyin: tàijí/méihuā/tàijíméihuā tángláng quán

This style is widespread in Shandong Province and surrounding areas. The most famous branch of this style is Tàijí Plum Blossom Praying Mantis as passed down by Hǎo Liányù (郝蓮玉) and his many sons. This style is well-known for its large, two-handed sword, and for being somewhat 'softer' than Seven Star Praying Mantis.

Six Harmony Praying Mantis Boxing 六合螳螂拳

pinyin: liù hé tángláng quán

Known as the 'softest' or most 'internal' of the Praying Mantis styles, Six Harmony Praying Mantis was passed down by Dīng Zǐchéng (丁子成), whose students taught in Shandong Province as well as Taiwan. Six Harmony Praying Mantis has a very different curriculum, with unique routines not found in other Praying Mantis styles.

Rare styles

Other, less widespread styles include:

Eight Step Praying Mantis Boxing 八步螳螂拳

pinyin: bā bù tángláng quán

This style was created by Féng Huányì (馮環義) and passed down by his disciple Wèi Xiàotáng (衛笑堂) in Taiwan. A Praying Mantis style that includes features of other styles, like Baguazhang and Xingyiquan.

Shiny Board Praying Mantis Boxing 光板螳螂拳

pinyin: guāng bǎn tángláng quán

Rare style of Praying Mantis.

Long Fist Praying Mantis Boxing 長拳螳螂拳

pinyin: cháng quán tángláng quán

Rare style of Praying Mantis. Influenced strongly by Chángquán (literally "long fist").

Throwing Hand Praying Mantis Boxing 摔手螳螂拳

pinyin: shuāi shǒu tángláng quán

This style was passed down by Wáng Sōngtíng (王松亭) in Shandong Province.

Secret Gate Praying Mantis Boxing 秘門螳螂拳

pinyin: mì mén tángláng quán

This style was passed down by Zhāng Dékuí (張德奎) in Taiwan.

Seeking Leg Praying Mantis Boxing 探腿螳螂拳

pinyin: tàn tuǐ tángláng quán

This rare style was passed down by Pui Chan, who immigrated to the United States.

Schools

There are many schools of Northern Praying Mantis. In Taiwan, there are the students and grandstudents of Eight Step Praying Mantis master Wèi Xiàotáng, Secret Gate master Zhāng Dékuí, Six Harmony master Zhang Xiangsan, and Wang Songting, who is linked to multiple styles, including Long Fist Praying Mantis, Plum Blossom Praying Mantis, Tàijí Praying Mantis, and Throwing Hand Praying Mantis as well as Tàijíquán. In the Mainland Chinese capital of Beijing, there are the students of Tàijí Praying Mantis and Six Harmony Praying Mantis master Ma Hanqing. In Shandong, there are the students and grandstudents of Tàijí Plum Blossom Praying Mantis master Hao Bin, Seven Star Praying Mantis master Lin Jingshan and countless others in this province, the homeland of Northern Praying Mantis. One of the successors of Seven Star Praying Mantis master Luó Guāngyù was Chiu Chi-Man, who passed the art on to his nephew Chiu Leun and to his student Lee Kam-Wing, whose successors include John Cheng of the United States and Latouille Fabien of France, as well as Seven Star Praying Mantis teachers in Germany and Italy.

References

• Ilya Profatilov. "History of Praying Mantis Kungfu."

External links

• Praying Mantis Kungfu
• The Mantis Cave
• Wah Lum Tam Tui Northern Praying Mantis Kung Fu
• Praying Mantis Kung Fu - Peng Bu

• Chinese martial arts