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The Winterhilfswerk (WHW) was an annual drive by the Nationalsozialistische Volkswohlfahrt (the National Socialist People’s Welfare Organization) to help finance charitable work. Its slogan was "None shall starve nor freeze". It ran from 1933-1945 during the months of October through March, and was designed to provide food , clothing, coal, and other items to less fortunate Germans during the inclement months.
The Hitlerjugend and Bund Deutscher Mädel (boys' and girls' associations, respectively) were extremely active in collecting for this charity. Certain weekends were assigned to all of the different Nazi associations, each with their own special Abzeichen to pass out in exchange for a phennig or two. These highly collectible items were made of many different materials , such as wood, glass, paper, terra cotta, metal , and plastic. Over 8000 different pieces were produced by wars end, and some of the rarer ones sell for quite a lot of money today.
The " Can Ratllers " as they became know as , were relentless in there pursuit of making sure every good German citizen gave their share to the WHW. In fact those who "forgot" to give had their names put in the paper to remind them of their neglect. Neighbors , and even family members were encouraged to whisper the names of shirkers to their block leaders so that they could persuade them to do their duty. A paper Monatsturplaketten (monthly plackard) was issued to place on your door or in your window to show others that you had given, and also to keep the roaming bands of charity workers at bay. Still many folks did'nt mind giving more than once, as it was for a good cause, and also afforded them the chance to complete whatever set or series was being issued that week, or just to get more of the same ones to turn into jewelry, share with others, and even decorate their Tannenbaum with at Weinachts.
Donors were often given small souvenir gratitude gifts of negligible value, somewhat similar to the way modern charities mail out address labels and holiday cards. A typical such gift was a very small propaganda booklet, reminiscent of Victorian-era miniature books; about 0.8" wide x 1.5" tall.
More generous donors would receive concomitantly better gifts, such as lapel pins on a wide variety of themes. Some depicting occupational types or geographic areas of the Reich, others animals, birds and insects, nursery rhyme and fairy tale characters, or notable persons from German history (including of course Adolf Hitler himself). They were made from a variety of materials. Each individual miniature book, badge, badge set or toy set was only available for two or three days of a particular collection drive. So the populace would be encouraged to donate the following week and thereby collect the latest in the series. There could also be very annoying consequences; nagging by the appropriate official if your local Blockleiter saw that you were not wearing the current, appropriate pin by about Tuesday of the week.
When he visited Germany in 1939 as a reporter for the North American Newspaper Alliance Dr. Lothrop Stoddard wrote:
"...Once a fortnight, every city, town, and village in the Reich seethes with brown-shirted Storm Troopers carrying red-painted canisters. These are the Winter-Help collection-boxes. The Brown-Shirts go everywhere. You cannot sit in a restaurant or beer-hall but what, sooner or later, a pair of them will work through the place, rattling their canisters ostentatiously in the faces of customers. And I never saw a German formally refuse to drop in his mite, even though the contribution might have been less than the equivalent of one American cent.
"During these periodic money-raising campaigns, all sorts of dodges are employed. On busy street-corners comedians, singers, musicians, sailors, gather a crowd by some amusing skit, at the close of which the Brown-Shirts collect. People buy tiny badges to show they have contributed—badges good only for that particular campaign. One time they may be an artificial flower; next time a miniature dagger, and so forth. The Winter-Help campaign series reaches its climax shortly before Christmas in the so-called Day of National Solidarity. On that notable occasion the Big Guns of the Nazi Party sally forth with their collection-boxes to do their bit."
Taken as a whole , the WHW program was a brilliant propaganda coup for Hitler and the Nazis. Not only did it serve to break down all the class barriers of society, it also helped solidify Hitlers bond to the people. Indeed most of the early slogans called for citizens to join Hitler in the struggle to protect the Mutter und Kind, the family, and to help him provide freedom and bread to every German haus.
This seemingly noble cause helped put the entire country in a state of constant alert , so that when the Fuhrer said something else was a threat, the people readily believed him, and took up whatever cause he asked them to. The WHW was part of the foundation Hitler needed to set the country in motion for war, and was a good training ground for teaching citizens how to give, sacrifice, and pitch in without hesitation to the cause of National Socialism .
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