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The Military Order of Maria Theresa (Militär-Maria-Theresien-Orden in German) was founded on June 18 1757, the day of the Battle of Kolin, by the Empress Maria Theresa to reward especially meritorious and valorous acts by commissioned officer.
Originally, the medal had two classes: the Knight's Cross and the Grand Cross. On October 15, 1765, Emperor Joseph II, added the Commander's Cross and the Knight Cross 2nd class.
A prospective awardee was considered only in regards to their military service record; their ethnicity, rank, and birth were irrelevant. Widows of Order winners were entitled to half of their spouse's pension during the remainder of their life.
The last meeting of the medal chapter took place in 1931. The medal has been awarded a total of 1241 times.
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