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Peter Heylin or Heylyn (29 November 1599 – 8 May 1662) was an English ecclesiastic and author of many polemical, historical, political and theological tracts. He incorporated his political concepts into his geographical books Microcosmus in 1621 and Cosmographie (1657).
Life
Heylyn was born in Burford, Oxfordshire, the son of Henry Heylyn and Elizabeth Clampard. He entered Merchant Taylors' School in March 1612. At 14 he was sent to Hart Hall, Oxford and, matriculated from Magdalen College, Oxford on 19 January 1616, aged 15. He was awarded BA on 17 October 1617 and was elected a fellow in 1618. He lectured on historical geography at Magdalen.
Heylyn was awarded MA on 1 July 1620. In 1620 he presented his lecture to Prince Charles, at Theobalds. He was incorporated at Camridge University in 1621. In 1621 his lectures were published as Microcosmos: a Little Description of the Great World. This would prove to be his most popular work and by 1639, eight editions had been produced.
At college, where he was dubbed 'the perpetual dictator’, Heylin had been an ouspoken controversialist. He subsequently became an outspoken preacher and one of Charles I's clerical followers. He was awarded BD on 13 June 1629. In 1630 he lectured against the Feoffees for Impropriations. He became licenced canon of Westminster in 1631 and rector of Hemingford, Huntingdonshire in the same year. He became rector of Houghton-le-Spring, county Durham in 1632 and rector of Alresford, Hampshire in 1633. Also in 1633 he was licenced to preach and was awarded D.D. on 13 April,1633. He became a chaplain to Charles I. In 1639 he became rector South Warnborough, Hampshire.
He suffered for his loyalty to the king when, under the Commonwealth, he was deprived of his preferments. He subsequently settled at Lacies Court in Abingdon, Berkshire (now Oxfordshire).
At the Restoration, he was made sub-Dean of Westminster, but poor health prevented further advancement.
He married Letitia Highgate and had a large family. His monument is in Westminster Abbey.
Works
He was a prolific writer, and a keen and acrimonious controversialist against the Puritans. Among his works are a History of the Reformation, and a Life of Archbishop William Laud (Cyprianus Anglicanus) (1668). His Greek titles included Κειμηλιαέκκληδιαδτικα (Historical and miscellaneous tracts a 1662 (1681) and Ἡρωολογια Anglorum; or, a help to English history 1641.
He was the writer of the "Cosmographie", an attempt to describe in meticulous detail every aspect of the known world in 1652, the geography, climate, customs, achievements, politics, and belief systems. It appears to have been the first description in print of Australia, and perhaps of California, Terra del Fuego, and other territories in the New World. He objected to the name "America" as it placed undue glory on Amerigo Vespucci, and recommended "Columbana" or "Cabotia" as more indicative of the true discoverers, Columbus and Cabot.
Publications
Heylin's publications include:
- Microcosmus. A little description of the great world 1621 (−1639); enlarged and entitled Cosmographie in four bookes, containing the chorographie and historie of the whole world 1652 (1674)
- The history of St. George of Cappadocia 1631
- The history of the Sabbath 1636
- A coale from the altar 1636
- Antidotum Lincolniense; or an answer to a book entituled, The Holy Table, name and thing 1637
- A brief and moderate answer to the seditious and scandalous Challenge of H. Burton 1637
- Ἡρωολογια Anglorum; or, a help to English history 1641
- The historie of episcopacie 1642
- The undeceiving of the people in the point of tithes 1648
- Extraneus vapulans; or, the observator rescued from the violent but vaine assaults of Hamon L'Estrange, 1656
- A full relation of two journeys: the one, into the mainland of France; the other, into some of the adjacent islands 1656
- Ecclesia vindicata; or, the Church of England justified 1657
- The stumbling-block of disobedience and rebellion cunningly laid by Calvin in the subjects way, discovered, censured and removed 1658
- Examen historicum, or a discovery and examination of the mistakes in some modern histories 1659
- Certamen epistolare; or the letter-combate with Mr. Baxter, etc. 1659
- Historia quinqu-articularis; or a declaration of the judgement of the Western churches, particularly of the church of England, in the five controverted points reproached by the name of Arminianism 1660
- Ecclesia restaurata; or, the history of the reformation of the Church of England 1661
- Aerius redivivus; or, the history of the presbyterians from 1536 to 1647 a 1662 (1670)
- Cyprianus Anglicus; or the history of the life and death of William Laud a 1662 (1668, 1671)
- Κειμηλιαέκκληδιαδτικα Historical and miscellaneous tracts a 1662 (1681)
and the very, very rare:
- Chorography and History of the Whole World (1682) more on this book in links below
External links
- Dr. Peter Heylyn, Royal Berkshire History.
- Heylyn, Peter, Ecclesia Restaurata, God Rules, with Barnard, John, The Life of The Author.
- Daw, Robyn, Digital story about one of her favourite collection items – Cosmographie (4 minutes: Windows Media Player, RealPlayer), AU: State Library of Queensland.
Chorography and History of the Whole World - 1682
References
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Cousin, John William (1910). A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature. London: J. M. Dent & Sons – via Wikisource.
- Robert Mayhew, Geography is twinned with divinity; Geographical Review, Vol 90, No 1, January 2000.
- A register of the scholars admitted into Merchant Taylors' School
- ^ 'Alumni Oxonienses, 1500-1714: Hawten-Hider', Alumni Oxonienses 1500-1714: Abannan-Kyte (1891), pp. 679-705. Date accessed: 15 January 2012
- ^ This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: "Heylyn, Peter". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
- Royce MacGillivray; Restoration Historians and the English Civil War, Springer, 1974, ISBN 90-247-1678-0.
- Oxford English Dictionary Bibliography: Hart-He
- Oxford English Dictionary