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| Deputy Prime Minister of Egypt | |
| Incumbent | |
| Assumed office 16 July 2013 | |
| President | Adly Mansour (acting) |
| Prime Minister | Hazem Al Beblawi (interim) |
| Preceded by | Momtaz El-Saeed |
| 44th Minister of Defence | |
| Incumbent | |
| Assumed office 12 August 2012 | |
| President | Mohamed Morsi Adly Mansour (acting) |
| Prime Minister | Hesham Qandil Hazem Al Beblawi (interim) |
| Preceded by | Mohamed Hussein Tantawi |
| Commander-In-Chief of the Armed Forces of Egypt | |
| Incumbent | |
| Assumed office 12 August 2012 | |
| President | Mohamed Morsi Adly Mansour (acting) |
| Prime Minister | Hesham Qandil Hazem Al Beblawi (interim) |
| Preceded by | Mohamed Hussein Tantawi |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Abdel Fattah Saeed Hussein Khalil el-Sisi (1954-11-19) 19 November 1954 (age 70) Cairo |
| Political party | Independent |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Egypt |
| Branch/service | Egyptian Army |
| Years of service | 1977–present |
| Rank |  General |
| Unit | Infantry |
| Commands | Minister of Defense and Military Production Military Intelligence and Reconnaissance Northern Military Region 23rd Mechanized Division (Suez) |
| Battles/wars | |
Abdel Fattah Saeed Hussein Khalil el-Sisi (Template:Lang-ar, ‘Abd al-Fattāḥ Sa‘īd Ḥusayn Khalīl al-Sīsī, IPA: [ʕæbdel.fætˈtæːħ sæˈʕiːd ħeˈseːn xæˈliːl esˈsiːsi]; more commonly known as General Sisi), (born 19 November 1954) is an Egyptian General who has been Commander-in-Chief of the Egyptian Armed Forces, as well as Minister of Defence, since 12 August 2012. As head of the armed forces, he played the leading role in the July 2013 military coup, which ousted President Mohamed Morsi, following protests against Morsi and his government. Al-Sisi was subsequently appointed as First Deputy Prime Minister, while remaining Minister of Defense.
Career
El-Sisi received his commission as a military officer in 1977 serving in the mechanized infantry, specializing in anti-tank warfare and mortar warfare. He became Commander of the Northern Military Region-Alexandria in 2008 and then Director of Military Intelligence and Reconnaissance. El-Sisi was the youngest member of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces of Egypt. On 12 August 2012, Egyptian president Mohamed Morsi took a decision to replace Mohamed Hussein Tantawi, the head of the Egyptian Armed Forces, by el-Sisi, and promoted him to the rank of General. El-Sisi also took the post of Minister of Defense and Military Production in the Qandil Cabinet.
Minister of Defense
Since el-Sisi was appointed as Minister of Defense on 12 August 2012, there have been concerns in Egypt regarding rumors that General el-Sisi is the hand of the Muslim Brotherhood in the army, though el-Sisi has always declared that the Egyptian army stands on the side of Egyptian people. On 28 April 2013, during celebrations for Sinai Liberation Day, el-Sisi said that, "the hand that harms any Egyptian must be cut". This statement was taken by Morsi opponents as a clarification that the Army is in support the people. However, the statement was described by Morsi supporters that el-Sisi was warning Morsi opponents that he would not allow an overthrow of the government. He remained in office under the new government, formed after the coup that deposed Morsi, and led by Hazem Al Beblawi. He was also appointed Deputy Prime Minister of Egypt.
July 2013 Military Coup
Main article: 2013 Egyptian coup d'étatAccording to the Wall Street Journal, General Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi had plotted a military coup against the freely elected president of Egypt, Dr. Mohammed Morsi few months prior to the demonstrations of June 30th 2013. General Al-Sisi, and other military generals, have had frequent secret meetings with opposition leaders and influential figures from the former National Democratic Party (that was dismantled after the fall of the Mubarak regime) to find ways to end the presidency of Dr. Morsy. It's also widely believed that the Movement of 'Tamarrod' was the work of army intelligence and was funded by corrupt businessmen who opposed the Morsi administration for its attempt to collect unpaid taxes by those businessmen during the Mubarak era. In that plot, General Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi sought public discontent as a prerequisite for military intervention to provide an umbrella of legitimacy around the military coup. To drum up public chaos, General Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi aired a 7-day ultimatum on June 23rd for all parties to come to an agreement, knowing that the opposition leaders have already rejected repeated calls by President Morsi to convene and work out differences. On June 30th 2013, mass demonstrations took to the streets of Cairo and other cities expressing various frustrations and making different demands to the Morsi administration. Some groups demanded a government reform, others demanded a new round of presidential elections and others demanded the ouster of president Morsi. These demonstrations were peaceful for the most part and didn't have any causalities. With the public umbrella that these demonstrations have provided, General Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi had issued another 48-hour ultimatum to press President Morsi to "fulfill people's demands". He also threatened to intervene if the dispute was not resolved by then.
On 2 July 2013 President Morsi responded to the demonstrators demands by airing a road map that included reform steps for the government.
On 3 July 2013, On orders from General Al-Sisi, Egypt's armed forces halted the democratic process, abducted the legitimate president, Dr. Mohammed Morsi from the Presidential palace in Cairo and surrounded the national TV & Radio building in "Maspiro, Cairo" with tanks and armed vehicles in preparation for a televised broadcast by General Al-Sisi in which he offered the same exact road map announced by Dr. Morsi just one day before, in addition to announcing the ouster of President Morsi himself and suspending the constitution that 64% of Egyptians have approved few months earlier in the year. General Al-Sisi had also installed Adly Mansour as the interim head of state in place of the legitimate president Dr. Morsi, and ordered the arrest of many members of the Muslim Brotherhood on charges of "inciting violence and disturbing general security and peace" The announcement was met by an acceptance from Tahrir protesters and condemnation from pro-Morsi supporters all over Egypt. Many Islamist movements, such as the Muslim Brotherhood, El Wasat Party and Gamaa Islamiyya, rejected what they called a military coup as "illegitimate" and "anti-democratic".
The new Prime Minister Hazem Al Beblawi decided to split the Ministry of Defense and Military Production into two ministries. El-Sisi retained the defense portfolio, while Air Marshall Reda Hafez received the military production portfolio. Beblawi also named el-Sisi as First Deputy Prime Minister of Egypt. He was sworn in on 16 July 2013.
El-Sisi as a new dictator and villain
Right after the coup announcement on July 3rd, General Al-Sisi started a massive crackdown mission on pro-Morsi media channels and forced a biased and racist propaganda message on Egyptian national TV. At the same time, massive demonstrations of supporters of Dr. Morsi and his legitimacy as the freely elected president took to the streets and started gathering in Raba'a Al-Adaweya Square and Nahdha Square in Cairo, and a number of other large squares across the country demanding the release of Dr. Morsi and the return of Egypt's democratic process.
Call for anti-mass demonstrations
Shaken by the massive public support for President Morsi and his legitimacy, on July 24th, General Al-Sisi called his supporters to take gather in Tahrir Square to grant him personally a “mandate” to crackdown on what he referred to as “terrorism”, a movement thought by many as a dangerous call that could have led to street fights and a civil war between citizens of the same nation Again, general Al-Sisi sought a public umbrella to provide him with the necessary legitimacy to crackdown on pro-Morsi demonstrators gathered peacefully in Raba'a Al-Adaweya and Nahdha Squares in Cairo.
On Friday July 26, 2013, some Egyptians have responded to Al-Sisi's request for support. A few hours after, the first horrific massacre was conducted by elements from the Egyptian Army forces against demonstrators camped at the National Guard Headquarter near Al-Manassa resulting in killing tens of peaceful demonstrators and wounding hundreds. The military blamed it on "armed individuals who attacked a military post in the area" while demonstrators and witnesses said that the shootings were unprovoked.
On August 14th 2013, on commands from General Al-Sisi, Egypt's armed forces joint by Police forces and thugs in civilian outfits conducted a massive operation to dismantle two large sit-ins of anti-coup demonstrators with lethal force resulting in the worst massacre to date in Egyptian history. Counts from the regional hospital in the Raba'a square indicated the killing of thousand of Egyptians by bullets mostly in the head, chest and abdomen areas. The armed forces also ignited fire in demonstrators' tints and charred bodies of wounded individuals in the regional hospital. The massive killings have stirred International condemnations around the world. Robert Fisk describes General al-Sisi as at a loss, who will go in history in infamy. Lee Smith concludes that "Egypt’s New Leader Is Unfit to Rule". Al-Sisi's recent decision-making suggests a character that is deeply flawed, rash and dangerous. which was explained by the Government that Police went on to use dispersing the sit in on 14 August 2013, with the least possible damage, to set Egypt ablaze which is documented in s file published by the State Information Services as hundreds of civilians and police fell as victims, in addition to those from the Muslim Brotherhood side saying that Muslim Brotherhood supporters imposed blockade for 46 days against the people in Al Nahda and Rabaa al-Adawiya squares under the name of sit-in where tens of protests took to the street daily hindered the lives of the Egyptians, caused unrest and the fall of many victims and injured and the damage in public and private properties.
In August 3, 2013 Al-Sisi gave his first interview since the overthrow of President Mohammad Morsi talking to The Washington Post he criticized the U.S. response, accusing the Obama administration of disregarding the Egyptian popular will and of providing insufficient support amid threats of a civil war saying
“You left the Egyptians. You turned your back on the Egyptians, and they won’t forget that,”
On 6 October war anniversary, the Egyptian armed forces have only allowed supporters of General Al-Sisi to enter Tahrir Square to celebrate the 40's anniversary of the October war and conducted a personal search to ensure that no anti-coup demonstrators would get in. General Al-Sisi celebrated the occasion with a number of actors and singers while his forces had shot and killed some 56 anti-coup demonstrators in various squares in Cairo.
6 October war anniversary
In October 6, 2013 and during 6 October war anniversary celebration, General Al-Sisi invited the Emirati, Iraqi, Bahraini, Moroccan and Jordanian defense ministers to celebrate with Egypt, and during his speech he said in a warning way that the Egyptian people “will never forget who stood with them or against them”.. Al-Sisi described 6 October as “a day to celebrate for all Arabs”, hoping for the “unification of Arabs”. He also thanked “Egypt's Arab brothers, who stood by its side.” Al-Sisi commented on the relationship between the Egyptian army and Egyptian people, saying that it is hard to break. Al-Sisi said: “We would die before you would feel pain”. He also compared the Egyptian army to the Pyramid, saying that “it cannot be broken”.
See also
References
- Associated Press. Hosted2.ap.org. Retrieved on 2013-08-15.
- "Abdel Fattah al Sisi: New commander of the armed forces". Egypt Independent. Retrieved 7 October 2012.
- "Morsy assumes power: Sacks Tantawi and Anan, reverses constitutional decree and reshuffles SCAF". Daily News Egypt. 12 August 2012. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
- "Al-Sisi : The hand that harm any egyptian must be cut".
- "Profile: General Abdel Fattah Al Sisi". Al Jazeera. 3 July 2013. Retrieved 3 July 2013.
- "Egypt Orders Mass Arrests Of Muslim Brotherhood Members". Al Jazeera. 3 July 2013. Retrieved 3 July 2013.
- "Cabinet ministers sworn in". Daily News Egypt. 16 July 2013. Retrieved 17 July 2013.
- "Showdown in Cairo: Egyptian general demands permission to take on the 'terrorists'". The Independent. 24 July 2013. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
- "Egyptian General Calls for Mass Protests". New York Times. 24 July 2013. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
- "Army chief's rally call finds backing in Egypt press". BBC. 25 July 2013. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
- Fisk, Robert (August 8, 2013). "In Egypt General al-Sisi is at a loss – but a massacre on Eid would bring too much infamy". The Independent.
- Lee Smith, Lee Smith (Aug. 20, 2013). "Viewpoint: Egypt's New Leader Is Unfit to Rule Read more: Lee Smith: Why General Abdul Fattah al-Sisi Is Unfit to Rule Egypt | TIME.com http://ideas.time.com/2013/08/20/viewpoint-egypts-new-leader-is-unfit-to-rule". Time Magazine.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help); External link in|title= - State Information Services (15 August 2013). August 2013 "Sit in Dispersal". State Information Services. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
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External links
- Egyptian State Information Service CV
- Egyptian Armed Forces Commander-in-chief CV
- El-Sisi is the new commander-in-chief of the Egyptian armed forces
- Curriculum Vitae of the General el-Sisi Template:Ar icon
- Al-Sisi's Official Facebook Page
| Military offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded byMohamed Hussein Tantawi | Commander-in-Chief of the Egyptian Armed Forces 2012–present |
Incumbent |
| Political offices | ||
| Preceded byMohamed Hussein Tantawi | Minister of Defence 2012–present |
Incumbent |
| Preceded byMohamed Morsi | Supreme Commander of the Egyptian Armed Forces 2013–present |
Incumbent |
| Qandil Cabinet | |
|---|---|
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