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USCGC Crawford

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History
United States
NameUSCGC Crawford
NamesakeWilliam H. Crawford,
OperatorU.S. Coast Guard
BuilderAmerican Brown Boveri Electric Corporation, Camden, New Jersey
Cost$63,163 USD
Launched27 January 1927
Commissioned21 February 1927
Decommissioned15 August 1947
FateDonated to Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution 28 November 1955.
General characteristics
Class and typeActive-class patrol boat
Displacement232 tons (trial)
Length125 ft (38 m)
Beam23 ft 6 in (7.16 m)
Draft7 ft 6 in (2.29 m)
Installed powerAfter 1938 re-engining: 1,200 brake horsepower (0.9 megawatt)
Propulsionlist error: <br /> list (help)
As built: Two 6-cylinder 300 brake horsepower diesel engines
After 1938 re-engining: Two Cooper-Bessemer EN-8 600 brake horsepower diesel engines
Two 800 brake horsepower General Motors diesel engines
Speedlist error: <br /> list (help)
As built: 10 knots
In 1945: 12 knots (maximum); 7 knots (economical)
RangeIn 1945: 2,900 nautical miles (5,370 kilometers) at 10 knots; 4,000 nautical miles (7,400 kilometers) at 7 knots
Complementlist error: <br /> list (help)
20 (3 officers, 17 enlisted men) (1930)
46 (5 officers, 41 men) (1945)
Sensors and
processing systems
list error: <br /> list (help)
Sonar (1945) QCO-1
Detection radar (1960) SPS-23
Armamentlist error: <br /> list (help)
In 1927: 1 x 3-inch (76.2-millimeter) 23-caliber gun
In 1941: 2 x depth charge tracks
In 1945: 1 x 3-inch (76.2-mm) 23-caliber gun , 2 x single 20-mm 80-caliber gun mounts, 2 x depth charge tracks, 2 x Mousetraps1 x 3-inch (76.2-mm) 23-caliber gun1 x 3-inch (76.2-mm) 23-caliber gun
In 1960: 1 x single 40-mm 60-caliber antiaircraft gun mount
NotesSold 8 March 1963

USCGC Crawford (WSC-134), was a 125 ft (38 m) United States Coast Guard Active-class patrol boat in commission from 1927 to 1947. She was named for William H. Crawford, (1772–1834) who was appointed in 1816 as Secretary of the Treasury by President James Madison and he continued under President James Monroe through 1825. Crawford was the seventh vessel commissioned by the U.S. Revenue Cutter Service and the Coast Guard named after the former secretary. She served during the Rum Patrol and World War II performing defense, law enforcement, ice patrol, and search and rescue missions.

Construction and commissioning

Crawford was built by American Brown Boveri Electric Corporation at Camden, New Jersey and she was commissioned as USCGC Crawford (WSC-145) on 21 February 1927. She was the seventh of the Active-class patrol boats to be commissioned, which were designed for trailing the "mother ships" that supported the smuggling boats of "rum-runners" during Prohibition. The Active-class ships were also referred to unofficially as the "Buck & a Quarter" class in reference to their 125 ft (38 m) length.

Patrol duties during the Depression

Crawford had been designed specifically for prohibition enforcement service, and assumed Rum Patrol duty with a home-port of Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan and later two Harbors, Minnesota. Her routine consisted of picketing liquor laden "mother ships" and preventing them from offloading prohibited cargo to smaller contact boats that were used to deliver liquor to shore. With the end of prohibition, she assumed a more traditional role of a Coast Guard cutter, that of search and rescue, law enforcement, merchant vessel inspection, and defense training. In 1937, Crawford was assigned the home-port of Buffalo, New York. Crawford was transferred later to patrol duties out of Philadelphia, Pensylvania.

World War II service

On 1 November 1940 Crawfordwas transferred to U.S. Navy control out of San Juan, Puerto Rico, where she performed wartime anti-submarine patrols and convoy escort duty.

Post-war service

Crawford was reassigned duties out of the Tenth Coast Guard District in June 1945 was released from Navy service on 1 January 1946. Crawford was decommissioned on 15 August 1947 and was donated to Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution 28 November 1955.

See also

Rum Patrol

Notes

Footnotes
  1. The repeal of Prohibition was accomplished with the ratification of the Twenty-first Amendment on 5 December 1933.
Citations
  1. ^ "Crawford, 1927", Cutters, Craft & U.S. Coast Guard-Manned Army & Navy Vessels, U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office
  2. ^ Scheina (1982), pp 44–49
  3. ^ Canney, pp 57–61
  4. Scheina (1990), pp 57–60
  5. Johnson, p 88
  6. Johnson, p 80
  7. Canney, p xiii
  8. Scheina (1982), p 47
  9. Scheina (1982), p 44
Websites cited
References cited
  • Canney, Donald L. (1995). U.S. Coast Guard and Revenue Cutters, 1790–1935. Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland. ISBN 978-1-55750-101-1.
  • Johnson, Robert Irwin (1987). Guardians of the Sea, History of the United States Coast Guard, 1915 to the Present. Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland. ISBN 978-0-87021-720-3.
  • Scheina, Robert L. (1982). U.S. Coast Guard Cutters & Craft of World War II. Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland. ISBN 978-0-87021-717-3.
  • Scheina, Robert L. (1990). U.S. Coast Guard Cutters & Craft, 1946–1990. Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland. ISBN 978-0-87021-719-7.
Active-class patrol boats
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