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A video game console is a standardized computing device tailored for video gaming that requires a monitor or television set as an output. Handheld controllers are commonly used as input devices. Video game consoles may use one or more storage media like hard disk drives, optical discs, and memory cards for content. They weigh between 2 and 9 pounds on average, most are boxlike in shape, and their compact size allows them to be easily used in a variety of locations with an electrical outlet. Each are usually developed by a single business organization. Dedicated consoles can only play built-in games. Gaming consoles in general are also described as "dedicated" in distinction from the more versatile personal computer and other consumer electronics. Sanders Associates engineer Ralph H. Baer along with company employees Bill Harrison and Bill Rusch licensed their television gaming technology to contemporary major TV manufacturer Magnavox. This resulted in Magnavox Odyssey's 1972 release—the first commercially available video game console.

A handheld game console is a lightweight device with a built-in screen, games controls, speakers, and has greater portability than a standard video game console. It is capable of playing multiple games unlike tabletop and handheld electronic game devices. Tabletop and handheld electronic game devices of the 1970s and 1980s are the precursors of handheld game consoles. Mattel introduced the first handheld electronic game with the 1977 release of Auto Race. Later, several companies—including Coleco and Milton Bradley—made their own single-game, lightweight tabletop or handheld electronic game devices. The oldest handheld game console with interchangeable cartridges is the Milton Bradley Microvision in 1979. Nintendo is credited with popularizing the handheld console concept with the Game Boy's release in 1989 and continues to dominate the handheld console market.

PlayStation 2 has over 10,828 software titles, and 1.52 billion units of software were sold worldwide as of December 2010. Nintendo DS has over 2,000 software titles (as of August 2013), and 948.44 million units of software sold worldwide as of September 2016.

Best-selling game consoles

The following tables contain video game consoles and handheld game consoles that have sold at least 1 million units worldwide either through to consumers or inside retail channels. Each console include sales from every iteration unless otherwise noted. Dedicated consoles are marked with an asterisk (*) next to the platform's name, while  †  indicates the current generation consoles on the market. The years correspond to when the home or handheld game console was first released—excluding test markets. Each year links to the corresponding "year in video gaming". Hardware firms labelled  Atari ,  Microsoft ,  Nintendo ,  Sega  or  Sony  have more than two consoles listed; those with a white background do not.

All game consoles

Home game consoles

Handheld game consoles

Best-selling game consoles by firm

Total amount of every console with at least 1 million units sold.

Notes

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2. ^ Cite error: The named reference x360 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
3. 30.75 million sold by Sega worldwide as of March 1996, not including third-party sales. In addition, Tec Toy sold 3 million in Brazil, and Majesco projected it would sell 1.5 million in the United States.
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References

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2. ^ Lee, Robin (August 23, 2012). Peitz, Martin; Waldfogel, Joel (eds.). The Oxford Handbook of the Digital Economy. Oxford University Press. p. 84. ISBN 9780195397840. Retrieved December 29, 2013.
3. ^ Shelly, Gary; Misty, Vermaat (February 25, 2010). Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World, Complete. Shelly Cashman. Contributing authors: Quasney, Jeffrey; Sebok, Susan; Freund, Steven. Cengage Learning. p. 24. ISBN 9781439079263.
4. Retro Rogue. "2004 Holiday Gift Guide Review - Atari Flashback Console (Atari)". GameSpy. Retrieved December 30, 2013.
5. Chen, Brian (August 29, 2013). "New Device At Nintendo Is Cheaper, For Youths". The New York Times. p. B1. Retrieved December 30, 2013.
6. Kuchera, Ben (February 28, 2011). "It's unofficial: dedicated gaming devices may be losing out to phones". Ars Technica. Retrieved December 30, 2013.
7. Newman, Jared (November 11, 2013). "PC Game Streaming Is Going to Be Huge". Time. Retrieved December 30, 2013.
8. Edwards, Benj (May 15, 2007). "Videogames Turn 40 Years Old". 1UP.com. p. 4. Retrieved January 15, 2014.
9. University of Maribor (April 24, 2007). "D 4.1 - Standards and technology monitoring report (revised version)" (PDF) (1.7 ed.). Sixth Framework Programme (European Community): 20. Retrieved December 29, 2013. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
10. ^ Steinbock, Dan (June 1, 2005). The Mobile Revolution. Kogan Page. p. 150. ISBN 9780749442965.
11. Loguidice, Bill; Barton, Matt (May 8, 2008). "A History of Gaming Platforms: Mattel Intellivision". Gamasutra. p. 1. Retrieved December 29, 2013.
12. Demaria, Rusel; Wilson, Johnny (December 18, 2003). High Score! The Illustrated History of Video games (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill/Osborne Media. pp. 31–32. ISBN 9780072231724.
13. East, Tom (November 11, 2009). "History Of Nintendo: Game Boy". Official Nintendo Magazine. Archived from the original on November 10, 2014. Retrieved December 29, 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
14. ^ Patsuris, Penelope (June 7, 2004). "Sony PSP Vs. Nintendo DS". Forbes. Retrieved November 4, 2013.
15. Hutsko, Joe (March 25, 2000). "88 Million and Counting; Nintendo Remains King of the Handheld Game Players". The New York Times. p. C1. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
16. "Playstation2 sales reach 150 million units worldwide" (Press release). Sony Computer Entertainment. February 14, 2011. Retrieved May 19, 2014.
17. "Nintendo Offers Unrivaled Value and Variety This Holiday Season with Lower Wii U Price, Zelda Wii U Bundle and New Nintendo 2DS Portable" (Press release). Nintendo. August 28, 2013. Retrieved May 19, 2014.
18. ^ "Historical Data: Consolidated Sales Transition by Region" (PDF). Nintendo. October 26, 2016. Retrieved October 26, 2016.
19. Reimer, Jeremy (October 10, 2005). "The evolution of gaming: computers, consoles, and arcade". Ars Technica. Retrieved May 10, 2014.
20. "PlayStation Cumulative Production Shipments of Hardware". Sony Computer Entertainment. Archived from the original on May 24, 2011. Retrieved October 31, 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
21. "PlayStation®4 (PS4™) Sells Through 6.2 Million Units Worldwide During The 2016 Holiday Season" (Press release). Sony Interactive Entertainment. January 4, 2016. Retrieved January 7, 2016.
22. ^ "Yearly market report". Famitsu Weekly (in Japanese) (392): 8. June 21, 1996.
23. ^ Ernkvist, Mirko (August 21, 2012). Zackariasson, Peter; Wilson, Timothy (eds.). The Video Game Industry: Formation, Present State, and Future. Routledge. p. 158. ISBN 9781136258244. Retrieved December 5, 2015.
24. Théo Azevedo (July 30, 2012). "Vinte anos depois, Master System e Mega Drive vendem 150 mil unidades por ano no Brasil" (in Portuguese). UOL. Retrieved October 18, 2012. Base instalada: 5 milhões de Master System; 3 milhões de Mega Drive
25. Sponsel, Sebastian (November 16, 2015). "Interview: Stefano Arnhold (Tectoy)". Sega-16. Retrieved November 21, 2015.
26. "Sega farms out Genesis". Consumer Electronics. March 2, 1998. Archived from the original on July 9, 2012.
27. "AtGames to Launch Atari Flashback 4 to Celebrate Atari's 40th Anniversary!" (Press release). PR Newswire. November 12, 2012. Archived from the original on November 27, 2012. Retrieved April 11, 2014. {{cite press release}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
28. "Gamers Catch Their Breath as Xbox 360 and Xbox Live Reinvent Next-Generation Gaming". Xbox.com. May 10, 2006. Archived from the original on July 9, 2007. Retrieved September 5, 2007. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
29. Phillips, Tom (April 11, 2012). "SNES celebrates 20th birthday in UK". Eurogamer. Archived from the original on April 13, 2012. Retrieved April 2, 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
30. "Sega Corporation Annual Report 2001" (PDF). Sega Corporation. August 1, 2001. p. 14. Retrieved November 2, 2015. A total of 3.39 million hardware units and 23.87 million software units were sold worldwide during fiscal 2001, for respective totals of 8.20 million units and 51.63 million units since Dreamcast was first brought to market.
31. "Revisions to Annual Results Forecasts" (PDF). Sega Corporation. October 23, 2001. p. 4. Retrieved November 2, 2015. Regarding sales of Dreamcast hardware from inventory resulting from the withdrawal from Dreamcast production the Company exceeded initial targets with domestic sales of 130,000 units and U.S. sales of 530,000 units for the first half. Consequently, at the end of the half, Dreamcast inventories totaled 40,000 units domestically and 230,000 units for the United States, and we anticipate being able to sell all remaining units by the holiday season as initially planned.
32. "Sega Corporation Annual Report 2002" (PDF). Sega Corporation. July 1, 2002. p. 6. Retrieved November 2, 2015. The year ended March 31, 2002 was a turning point for Sega. We exited the hardware business, ceasing production of Dreamcast and selling through the remaining inventory.
33. Cite error: The named reference sheff 27 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
34. "Intellivision: Intelligent Television". GameSpy. Archived from the original on October 23, 2013. Retrieved October 31, 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
35. "Top 25 Video Game Consoles of All Time (Magnavox Odyssey 2)". IGN. Archived from the original on September 8, 2009. Retrieved October 31, 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
36. Schrage, Michael (May 22, 1984). "Atari Introduces Game In Attempt for Survival". The Washington Post: C3. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved July 29, 2009. The company has stopped producing its 5200 SuperSystem games player, more than 1 million of which were sold. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |subscription= ignored (|url-access= suggested) (help)
37. Androvich, Mark (February 19, 2008). "N-gage's Second Coming". Gamesindustry.biz. Archived from the original on May 5, 2008. Retrieved May 16, 2014. We had 700,000 active users and we had 3 million N-Gage devices out there. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

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WonderSwan Famitsu sources

Release year sources

Bibliography

• Forster, Winnie (2011). Game Machines: The encyclopedia of consoles, handhelds & home computers 1972 - 2012 (2nd ed.). Enati Media. ISBN 9780987830500. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Sheff, David; Eddy, Andy (April 15, 1999). Game Over: Press Start to Continue - The Maturing of Mario. Cyberactive Media Group/GamePress. ISBN 9780966961706. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)

• Lists of video game consoles
• Lists of bestsellers
• Handheld game consoles
• Video game console sales