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The following is a list of massacres that occurred in Turkey (numbers may be approximate, as estimates vary greatly):
| Name | Date | Location | Deaths | Responsible Party | Victims | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zilan massacre | July 1930 | Van Province | 4,500-15,000 | Turkish security forces | Sunni Kurds | 5,000 women, children, and elderly people were reportedly killed | |
| Suppression of the Dersim rebellion | Summer 1937-Spring 1938 | Tunceli Province | 7,594-13,806 | Turkish security forces | Alevi Zazas | The killings have been condemned by some as an ethnocide or genocide | |
| Istanbul pogrom | 6–7 September 1955 | Istanbul | 13-30 | Turkish government | primarily Greeks, as well as Armenians | The killings are identified as genocidal by Alfred-Maurice de Zayas. Many of the minorities, mostly Greek Christians, forced to leave Turkey. Several churches are demolished by explosives. | |
| Taksim Square massacre | May 1, 1977 | Taksim Square in Istanbul | 34-42 | Unknown | Leftist demonstrators | ||
| Beyazıt massacre | March 16, 1978 | Istanbul | 7 university students killed, 41 injured , | Grey Wolves, Turkish Police, Deep State | Leftist university students | Cemil Sönmez, Baki Ekiz, Hatice Özen, Abdullah Şimşek, Murat Kurt, Hamdi Akıl and Turan Ören were killed and 41 others were injured by a bomb that was followed by gunfire March 16, 1978. | |
| Bahçelievler massacre | October 9, 1978 | Bahçelievler, Ankara | 7 | Neo-fascists | Leftist students | ||
| Maraş massacre | December 19–26, 1978 | Kahramanmaraş Province | 109 | Grey Wolves | Alevi Turks and Kurds | ||
| Çorum massacre | May–July, 1980 | Çorum Province | 57 | Grey Wolves | Alevi Turks | ||
| Pınarcık massacre | June 20, 1987 | Pınarcık in Mardin Province | 30 | PKK (alleged) The Turkish army (alleged) |
Kurdish civilians | ||
| Sivas massacre
(aka Madımak massacre) |
July 2, 1993 | Sivas, Turkey | 37 | Salafists | Alevi intellectuals | ||
| Başbağlar massacre | July 5, 1993 | Başbağlar, near Erzincan | 33 | Turkish army/PKK (disputed) | Turkish civilians | ||
| Yavi massacre | October 25, 1993 | Yavi, Çat, Erzurum Province | 38 | PKK | Turkish civilians | ||
| Kuskonar massacre | March 23, 1994 | Kuskonar, Sirnak | 38 | Turkish forces | Civilians of Kurdish origin | The government bombed and killed residents of villages who refused to join the government forces. The government spread pictures of dead children in newspapers and blamed the PKK. Turkey was condemned for carrying out the massacre of Kurdish civilians in the ECHR. | |
| Gazi Quarter massacre | March 15, 1995 | Istanbul and Ankara | 23 | Anonymous | Alevi Turks | More than 400 injured | |
| Mardin engagement ceremony massacre | May 4, 2009 | Bilge, Mardin | 44 | Village guards | Civilians of Kurdish origin | Reuters said it was "one of the worst attacks involving civilians in Turkey's modern history", declaring that the scale of the attack had shocked the nation. | |
| Roboski airstrike | December 28, 2011 | Uludere, Sirnak | 34 | Turkish forces | Civilians of Kurdish origin | Warplanes killed villagers who had been involved in smuggling gasoline and cigarettes in the area, during an operation meant to target Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) rebels. The government gave no information about the facts. | |
| 2016 Atatürk Airport attack | June 28, 2016 | Atatürk Airport, Istanbul | 45 | Unknown | Civilians | ||
| 2015 Suruc Attack/Bombing, Suruc, Urfa | July 20, 2015 | Urfa, Urfa | 33 killed, 104 were reported injured. | ISIS | Civilians students | ||
| 2015 Ankara Attack/Bombing, Ankara | October 10, 2015 | Ankara | 109 civilians killed, 500+ were reported injured. | ISIS | Kurdish HDP party election rally for general assambly elections for turkey's Great assembly | ||
| December 2016 Istanbul bombings | December 10, 2016 | Istanbul | 45 | Unknown | Police forces & civilians | ||
| 2017 Istanbul nightclub attack | January 1, 2017 | Istanbul | 39 | Unknown | Civilians |
References
- Ahmet Kahraman, ibid, pp. 207-208. Template:Tr icon
- "Dersim massacre monument to open next month". Today's Zaman. 24 October 2012. Retrieved June 6, 2013.
- The Suppression of the Dersim Rebellion in Turkey (1937-38) Excerpts from: Martin van Bruinessen, "Genocide in Kurdistan? The suppression of the Dersim rebellion in Turkey (1937-38) and the chemical war against the Iraqi Kurds (1988)", in: George J. Andreopoulos (ed), Conceptual and historical dimensions of genocide. University of Pennsylvania Press, 1994, pp. 141-170.
- İsmail Besikçi, Tunceli Kanunu (1935) ve Dersim Jenosidi, Belge Yayınları, 1990.
- Λιμπιτσιούνη, Ανθή Γ. "Το πλέγμα των ελληνοτουρκικών σχέσεων και η ελληνική μειονότητα στην Τουρκία, οι Έλληνες της Κωνσταντινούπολης της Ίμβρου και της Τενέδου" (PDF). University of Thessaloniki. p. 29.
- Mills, Amy (2010). Streets of memory : landscape, tolerance, and national identity in Istanbul. Athens: University of Georgia Press. p. 119. ISBN 9780820335735.
...the state-led local violence that shattered neighborhoods across Istanbul in 1955 made ethnic-religious difference visible and divisive as Greeks and other minorities in the city were targeted and their property violated.
- Alfred de Zayas publication about the Istanbul Pogrom http://utpjournals.metapress.com/content/865v4835x83m3757/
- Özcan, Emine (2006-04-28). "1977 1 Mayıs Katliamı Aydınlatılsın". bianet (in Turkish).
- Mavioglu, Ertugrul; Sanyer, Ruhi (2007-05-02). "30 yıl sonra kanlı 1 Mayıs (4)". Radikal (in Turkish).
- Yalçın, Soner; Yurdakul, Doğan (1997). "The Bahcelievler Massacre". Reis: Gladio’nun Türk Tetikçisi. Su Yayinlari.
- ^ A modern history of the Kurds, By David McDowall, page 415, at Google Books
- Cüneyt Arcayürek: Darbeler ve Gizli Servisler, (Sayfa.221)
- "Turkey commemorates 15th anniversary of Sivas massacre". Hürriyet. 2008-07-02. Retrieved 2013-06-06.
- "Yavi Şehitlerine vefa". Erzurum gazetesi (in Turkish). 2010-06-23. Retrieved 2015-02-12.
- ^ "Concerns raised about obscuring evidence in Uludere killings". Todayszaman.com. 2012-01-11. Retrieved 2013-06-24.
- ^ "Ergenekon zanlısı, Gazi mahallesi provokatörü çıktı -". Star Gazete (in Turkish). 2008-07-04. Retrieved 2012-02-18.
- "Reuters article" Reuters. Retrieved 4 May 2009
- "Blood feuds, gun violence plague Turkey's southeast". Reuters. 2009-05-05. Retrieved 2009-05-05.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
https://en.wikipedia.org/2015_Suru%C3%A7_bombingwas invoked but never defined (see the help page).
