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Sufi metaphysics

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Definition from the standpoint of Sufism

Wahdat-ul-Wujood or Wahdat al-Wujud (Arabic: وحدة الوجود) the "Unity of Being" is a Sufi philosophy emphasizing that 'there is no existence except the ultimate truth', that was formulated by Ibn Arabi. Wahdat-ul-Wujood spread through the teachings of the Sufis like Shaikh Abu Ali Sindhi and Bayazid Bustami. Embellished and adored by Shaikh Fareeduddin Attar and propounded and codified by Shaikhul Akbar Mohyuddin Ibn Arabi. Some have termed the doctrine of Wahdat-ul-Wujood as pantheism. The Bektashi sect places much emphasis on the concept of Wahdat-ul-Wujood. This mystic sufi philosophy found conducive soil in many parts of South Asia as most of the saints and sages became dedicated disciples of Wahdat-ul-Wujood. Wahdat-ul-Wujood is also associated with Hamah Oost or Hama Oost philosophy in South Asia. Sachal Sarmast, Sufi and poet from Pakistan, was also an ardent follower of Wahdat-ul-Wujood.

It is also widely hypothesized that the concept of Wahadat-ul-Wujood is a product of Arab interaction with Hindu mystics and literature, specifically in reference to the Upanishads (a text that pre-dates Sufism by at least 1000 years), which preaches very similar concepts in regards to reality being an illussion and the only true existence being God. The Upanishads were translated into Arabic after the first Islamic Invasions of Sindh.

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