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Dorothy Kilgallen

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Dorothy Kilgallen
BornDorothy Mae Kilgallen
(1913-07-03)July 3, 1913
Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
DiedNovember 8, 1965(1965-11-08) (aged 52)
Manhattan, New York City, U.S.
Cause of deathApparent alcohol and barbiturate combination overdose
Resting placeGate of Heaven Cemetery
Hawthorne, New York
NationalityAmerican
EducationErasmus Hall High School
Alma materThe College of New Rochelle
Occupation(s)Media personality, author, journalist, panelist
Spouse Richard Kollmar ​ ​(m. 1940⁠–⁠1965)​ (her death)
Children3

Dorothy Mae Kilgallen (July 3, 1913 – November 8, 1965) was an American gossip columnist, conspiracy theorist and television game show panelist and guest. After spending two semesters at the College of New Rochelle, she started her career shortly before her 18th birthday as a reporter for the Hearst Corporation's New York Evening Journal. In 1938, she began her newspaper column "The Voice of Broadway", which eventually was syndicated to more than 140 papers. In 1950, she became a regular panelist on the television game show What's My Line?, continuing in the role until her death.

Kilgallen's columns featured mostly show business news and gossip, but ventured into other topics, such as politics and organized crime. She wrote front-page articles on the Sam Sheppard trial and later the John F. Kennedy assassination.

Early life and career

Kilgallen was born in Chicago, the daughter of newspaper reporter James Lawrence Kilgallen (1888–1982) and his wife, Mae Ahern (1888–1985). She was Roman Catholic. Dorothy had a sister, Eleanor (1919–2014), who was six years her junior. The family moved to various regions of the United States until 1920, when the International News Service hired James Kilgallen as a roving correspondent based in New York City. The family settled in Brooklyn, New York. Kilgallen was a student at Erasmus Hall High School. After completing two semesters at The College of New Rochelle, Kilgallen dropped out to take a job as a reporter for the New York Evening Journal. The newspaper was owned and operated by the Hearst Corporation, which also owned International News Service, her father's employer.

In 1936 Kilgallen competed with two other New York newspaper reporters in a race around the world using only means of transportation available to the general public. She was the only woman to compete in the contest and came in second. She described the event in her book Girl Around The World, which is credited as the story idea for the 1937 movie Fly-Away Baby starring Glenda Farrell as a character partly inspired by Kilgallen.

In November 1938, Kilgallen began writing a daily column, the "Voice of Broadway," for Hearst's New York Journal-American, which the corporation created by merging the Evening Journal with the American. The column, which she wrote until her death in 1965, featured mostly New York show business news and gossip, but also ventured into other topics such as politics and organized crime. The column eventually was syndicated to 146 newspapers via King Features Syndicate. Its success motivated Kilgallen to move her parents and Eleanor from Brooklyn to Manhattan, where she continued to live with them until she got married.

On April 6, 1940, Kilgallen married Richard Kollmar, a musical comedy actor and singer who had starred in the Broadway show Knickerbocker Holiday and was performing, at the time of their wedding, in the Broadway cast of Too Many Girls. They had three children and remained married until Kilgallen's death.

Early in their marriage, both Kilgallen and Kollmar launched careers in network radio, Kilgallen with her radio program Voice of Broadway, which was broadcast on CBS during World War II, and Kollmar with a long stint in the nationally syndicated crime drama in which he played Boston Blackie.

Beginning in April 1945, Kilgallen and Kollmar co-hosted a WOR-AM radio talk show, Breakfast With Dorothy and Dick, from their 16-room apartment at 640 Park Avenue. The show followed them when they bought a neo-Georgian brownstone at 45 East 68th Street in 1952. The radio program, like Kilgallen's newspaper column, mixed entertainment with serious issues. Kilgallen and Kollmar continued doing the show from their home until 1963, long after the terminations of other radio shows on which each had worked without the other.

Kilgallen was among the notables on the guest list of those who attended the coronation of Elizabeth II in 1953.

What's My Line?

The What's My Line? panel in 1952. From left: Dorothy Kilgallen, Bennett Cerf, Arlene Francis and Hal Block, with John Daly as the host

Kilgallen became a panelist on the American television game show What's My Line? in 1950 (its first broadcast), which was telecast from New York City on the CBS television network until 1967. She remained on the show for 15 years (until her death).

Controversy

Sinatra feud

Though Kilgallen and Frank Sinatra were fairly good friends for several years and were photographed rehearsing in a radio studio for a 1948 broadcast, they had a falling out after she wrote a multipart 1956 front-page feature story titled "The Frank Sinatra Story". In addition to the New York Journal-American, Hearst-owned newspapers across the United States ran the story. Thereafter Sinatra made derogatory comments about Kilgallen's physical appearance to his audiences at nightclubs in New York and Las Vegas, though he stopped short of mentioning her name on television or during interviews for magazines and newspapers.

Sam Sheppard murder trial

Kilgallen covered the 1954 murder trial of Sam Sheppard, a doctor (whose specialty was osteopathic neurosurgery) who was convicted of bludgeoning his wife to death at their home in the Cleveland suburb of Bay Village.

The New York Journal-American carried the banner front-page headline that she was "astounded" by the guilty verdict because of what she argued were serious flaws in the prosecution's case. At the time of the Cleveland jury's guilty verdict in December 1954, Kilgallen's sharp criticism of it was controversial and a Cleveland newspaper dropped her column in response. Her articles and columns in 1954 did not reveal all she had witnessed in the Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas. Nine years after the verdict and sentence, and after the judge had died, she claimed at an event held at the Overseas Press Club in New York, that the judge had told her before the start of jury selection that Sheppard was "guilty as hell." Attorney F. Lee Bailey, who was working on a habeas corpus petition for his client Sheppard, attended the Overseas Press Club event, heard what Kilgallen told the crowd, and then asked her privately if she would help him. "Some days later," as Bailey wrote in his memoir The Defense Never Rests, "we obtained a deposition from Dorothy that was inserted into the petition submitted to" Carl Andrew Weinman, judge for the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio. Bailey also included in the habeas corpus petition a statement from Edward Murray, who had worked in 1954 as a court clerk at the Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas. Similar to Kilgallen's statement, Murray's statement indicated that Edward J. Blythin, the original Sheppard judge, had declared Sheppard guilty even before the grand jury indicted him on August 17, 1954.

In July 1964, four months after the Overseas Press Club event where Kilgallen broke her silence about the deceased Judge Blythin, Judge Weinman of the federal court granted Bailey's habeas corpus petition, Sam Sheppard was released from prison amid much newspaper publicity, and Sheppard met Kilgallen at a "late-night champagne party" (as described by Bailey in The Defense Never Rests) in Cleveland. After Kilgallen's death, Sheppard was retried and acquitted.

Defense of criminal defendant Lenny Bruce

In 1964, Kilgallen was one of four witnesses who testified for the defense of comedian Lenny Bruce, during his trial on obscenity charges in New York City.

Kilgallen and the Kennedy assassination

Kilgallen was publicly skeptical of the conclusions of the Warren Commission's report into the assassination of President Kennedy and wrote several newspaper articles on the subject. She obtained a copy of Jack Ruby's testimony to the Warren Commission, which she published in August 1964 on the front pages of the Journal American, the Philadelphia Inquirer, the Seattle Post-Intelligencer, and other newspapers. Most of that testimony did not become officially available to the public until the commission released its 26 volumes of hearings and exhibits in November 1964, around the time of the first anniversary of the assassination.

Death

On November 8, 1965, Kilgallen was found dead on the third floor of her five-story Manhattan townhouse. Her death was determined to have been caused by a fatal combination of alcohol and barbiturates. The autopsy ruled out a heart attack, which was a possibility that her father James Kilgallen—who was still working as a newspaper reporter at age 77—had raised when other reporters had interviewed him immediately after the discovery of her body.

On November 11, Kilgallen's parents, husband, and children were among nearly 2,600 people in attendance at her funeral Mass, held at St. Vincent Ferrer, her church. Among those attending were John Daly, Arlene Francis, Ed Sullivan, film producer Joseph E. Levine, Bob Considine, and Joan Crawford.

The footstone of Dorothy Kilgallen in Gate of Heaven Cemetery

Kilgallen was interred at Gate of Heaven Cemetery in New York.

On the following Sunday night telecast of What's My Line?, seen live on November 14, To Tell the Truth regular panelist Kitty Carlisle, who had been a guest panelist on three previous episodes of What's My Line?, temporarily filled in for Kilgallen. She said on-camera that although she was occupying Kilgallen's seat, "no one could ever possibly take her place."

Legacy

Kilgallen has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on Hollywood Boulevard. The archives of the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce list her as one of the 500 people who were chosen to receive the first stars on the walk of fame. The stars were installed on sidewalks in 1960 and 1961, several years before she died. Ceremonies were not held for those who received stars prior to December 1968. During that month, Richard Zanuck became the first to be honored with a ceremony.

Kilgallen was friendly with Theo Wilson, an acclaimed newspaper reporter of murder trials. In Wilson's 1996 memoir, she wrote that Kilgallen's career was often overlooked during her lifetime and was forgotten after her death.

Part of being a good reporter is to be anonymous, to stay out of the story so that you can better watch and study and listen to the principals. She couldn't do that, mostly because people wouldn't let her. She'd walk into a trial and the prosecutor would ask for her autograph for his wife or the judge would send out greetings.

Filmography

Bibliography

References

  1. ^ Riley, Sam G. (November 6, 1995). Biographical Dictionary of American Newspaper Columnists. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 157. ISBN 978-0-31-329192-0.
  2. ^ Signorielli, Nancy (November 4, 1996). Women in Communication: A Biographical Sourcebook. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 245. ISBN 978-0-31-329164-7.
  3. ^ Lynn, Frank (December 23, 1982). "James L. Kilgallen Dies at 94; A Reporter for Over 75 Years". The New York Times. Retrieved June 16, 2016.
  4. Gingrich, Arnold (1936). Article. David A. Smart. p. 55. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
  5. Liebenson, Donald (May 4, 2003). "Upi R.i.p." Chicago Tribune. Retrieved June 16, 2016.
  6. Arnaz, Desi (1976). A Book. William Morrow, Inc. pp. 86–91. ISBN 978-0-68-800342-5. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |subscription= ignored (|url-access= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ "Celebrities In Tribute to Dorothy Kilgallen". The Arizona Republic. United Press International. November 12, 1965. p. 18.
  8. "Kilgallen Renewed" (PDF). Billboard. March 7, 1942. p. 6. Retrieved February 11, 2015.
  9. Kilgallen, Dorothy. "The Voice of Broadway", New York Journal-American (May 30, 1952)
  10. Suskin, Steven (2006). Second Act Trouble: Behind the Scenes at Broadway's Big Musical Bombs. Hal Leonard. p. 243. ISBN 1-55783-631-0.
  11. ^ Kelley, Kitty (1986). His Way: Frank Sinatra, the Unauthorized Biography. pp. 256–257. ISBN 978-0-553-05137-7. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |subscription= ignored (|url-access= suggested) (help)
  12. McNally, Karen (March 6, 2008). When Frankie Went to Hollywood: Frank Sinatra and American Male Identity. University of Illinois Press. pp. 101, 197. ISBN 978-0-25-207542-1. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |subscription= ignored (|url-access= suggested) (help)
  13. Fong-Torres, Ben (May 1, 2006). Becoming Almost Famous: My Back Pages in Music, Writing, and Life. Backbeat Books. p. 153. ISBN 978-0-87-930880-3. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |subscription= ignored (|url-access= suggested) (help)
  14. Smith, Victoria (April 18, 2017). "Dr. Sam Sheppard". Cleveland Historical. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  15. Kilgallen, Dorothy (December 22, 1954). "Sheppard Guilty; Dorothy Kilgallen Astounded By Verdict". New York Journal-American. p. 1.
  16. Feagler, Dick (December 9, 1998). "1st Officer At Sheppard Murder Holds To View". The Plain Dealer. Cleveland. p. 2A.
  17. Dirck, Joe (December 13, 1998). "Facts On Sheppard Don't Bother Some". The Plain Dealer. pp. 1B.
  18. ^ Pollack, Jack Harrison (1975). Dr. Sam: An American Tragedy. Avon. pp. 152–157. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |subscription= ignored (|url-access= suggested) (help)
  19. "Stunned Sam Sentenced to Life In Wife's Murder". The Victoria Advocate. United Press. December 22, 1954. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  20. "Sam Sheppard: Some 35-year-old questions". The Plain Dealer. August 8, 1989. p. 1B.
  21. ^ Bailey, F Lee; Aronson, Harvey. The Defense Never Rests. Signet. ISBN 978-0-45-112640-5. Retrieved March 12, 2016. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |subscription= ignored (|url-access= suggested) (help)
  22. Linder, Doug. "The People v Lenny Bruce: Excerpts from the Cafe Au Go Go Trial". Famous Trials.
  23. Harrison, Ken (November 10, 2015). "Justice sought for newspaper woman dead since 1965". San Diego Reader. Retrieved December 19, 2016.
  24. Armstrong, John. "Jack Ruby". Retrieved March 12, 2018. Journalist Dorothy Kilgallen wrote in the New York Journal American (June 6, 1964): "It is known that 10 persons have signed sworn depositions to the Warren Commission that they knew Oswald and Ruby to have been acquainted."
  25. "Editorial: Earl Warren's 'Lost Cause'" (PDF). National Guardian. New York City. August 29, 1964. In the 'Journal American' it filled several pages over three days and was accompanied by revealing commentary by Miss Kilgallen who has reported on the assassination inquiry with a most unusual zeal. Her analysis of the testimony seemed accurate. "It is a fascinating document," she wrote. "fascinating for what it leaves unsaid, as well as for what it says." And, she might have added, fascinating for what was not asked of Ruby by the Chief Justice.
  26. New York Journal American August 18–20, 1964 front pages
  27. Philadelphia Inquirer August 19–21, 1964 front pages
  28. Seattle Post-Intelligencer August 19–21, 1964 front pages
  29. Rosenbaum, Ron (November 1983). "Pieces of the Puzzle". Texas Monthly: 156. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  30. "Miss Kilgallen Death Ascribed to Mixture of Alcohol, Barbiturates". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Associated Press. November 16, 1965. p. 1.
  31. "Dorothy Kilgallen Dead". New York Journal-American. November 8, 1965. p. 1.
  32. Golden, Eve (2013). Anna Held and the Birth of Ziegfeld's Broadway. University Press of Kentucky. p. 215. ISBN 978-0-81-314654-6.
  33. "What's My Line Episode #665: Episode Cast & Crew". TV.com. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  34. "Hollywood Star Walk: Dorothy Kilgallen". Los Angeles Times. November 9, 1965. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  35. "About Hollywood Star Walk". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  36. "About Hollywood Star Walk". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved April 9, 2018.
  37. Headline Justice: Inside the Courtroom – The Country's Most Controversial Trials. Basic Books. December 10, 1996. ISBN 978-1-56-025108-8. Retrieved March 13, 2017.

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