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Falkland Islands (Malvinas)

Flag of the Falkland Islands	Falkland Islands coat of arms
(In Detail)	(Full size)

Motto: Desire the right

Official language

English

Capital

Port Stanley (Puerto Argentino)

Area
- Total
- % water

not ranked
12,173 km²
-

Population

- Total (2003 E)

- Density

not ranked

2,967
0.24/km²

Currency

Falkland pound (FKP; fixed to GBP)

Time zone

UTC -4 (DST -3)

National anthem

God Save the Queen

Internet TLD

.FK

Calling Code

500

The Falkland Islands (also known as Islas Malvinas in Spanish) are an overseas territory of the United Kingdom. They are also claimed by Argentina.

The capital is Port Stanley.

History

Main article: History of the Falkland Islands

The Falkland Islands were first seen in 1520 by Magallanes. They remained practically unsettled until the 19th century. Argentina set up a penal colony in the islands in 1820, and in 1929 named Luis Vernet as the islands' governor, in order to colonize them. The United Kingdom took the islands in 1833, but Argentina maintained its claim. Various tensions led to an invasion in 1982; which was later reversed. See: Falklands War.

Politics

Main article: Politics of the Falkland Islands

Executive authority comes from the Queen and is exercised by the governor on her behalf. There is a constitution, which into force in 1985. Under the constitution, eight Legislative Councillors, five from Stanley and three from Camp, are elected every four years.

The Executive Council, which advices the governor, consists of the Chief Executive, Financial Secretary and three Legislative Councillors which are elected by the other Legislative Councillors.

The The Legislative Council consists of Chief Executive, Financial Secretary and the eight Legislative Councillors. The governor is the speaker.

Defence is the responsiblity of the UK

Geography

Main article: Geography of the Falkland Islands

The islands are 300 miles (483 km) from the South American mainland.There are two main islands, East and West Falkland and 200 small islands. The total land area is 12,173 sq km.