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Human Nature
Theatrical release poster
Directed by	Michel Gondry
Written by	Charlie Kaufman
Produced by	Anthony Bregman Ted Hope Spike Jonze Charlie Kaufman
Starring	Tim Robbins Patricia Arquette Rhys Ifans Miranda Otto Rosie Perez
Cinematography	Tim Maurice-Jones
Edited by	Russell Icke
Music by	Graeme Revell
Production companies	StudioCanal Good Machine
Distributed by	Fine Line Features (United States) BAC Films (France)
Release dates	May 18, 2001 (2001-05-18) (Cannes) September 12, 2001 (2001-09-12) (France) April 12, 2002 (2002-04-12) (United States)
Running time	96 minutes
Countries	United States France
Language	English
Budget	$8.6 million
Box office	$1.6 million

Human Nature is a 2001 comedy-drama film written by Charlie Kaufman and directed by Michel Gondry in his directorial debut. The film stars Tim Robbins, Rhys Ifans, Miranda Otto and Patricia Arquette.

It was screened out of competition at the 54th Cannes International Film Festival.

Plot

Most of the film is told as flashback: Puff (Rhys Ifans) testifies to Congress, Lila Jute (Patricia Arquette) tells her story to the police, while a dead Nathan Bronfman (Tim Robbins) addresses an unseen audience in the netherworld.

Lila is a woman with a rare hormonal imbalance which causes thick hair to grow all over her body. During her 20s, Lila decides to leave society and live within nature where she feels free to exist comfortably in her natural state. She writes a successful book about her naked, savage, happy, and free life in the woods embracing nature. Then, at age 30, strong sexual desire causes her to return to civilization and have her hair removed in order to find a partner.

The partner she finds is Dr. Nathan Bronfman, a psychologist researching the possibility of teaching table manners to mice. Lila and Nathan go hiking in the woods one day. Lila sights a naked man in the woods who has lived as a wild animal his entire life. Lila discards her clothes and chases him until he's cornered on a tree branch. The man falls off the branch, knocked unconscious. Brought to Nathan's lab, the man is named Puff, after Nathan's French research assistant Gabrielle's (Miranda Otto childhood dog. We discover later from her phone call to an unknown person that she is actually an American with a fake French accent. First with the help of Gabrielle and later with Lila's help, Nathan performs conditioned reinforcement training on Puff, inculcating him with a veneer of fine manners and high culture, in spite of which Puff still has difficulty controlling sexual urges.

To demonstrate his success, Nathan takes Puff on tour. Puff secretly drinks heavily and patronizes prostitutes. Meanwhile, Nathan and Lila's relationship deteriorates and Nathan has an affair with Gabrielle. Eventually Lila decides to take Puff back into the forest to undo his manner training and return him to his natural state.

Lila and Puff live naked in the woods together until Nathan finds them one day and Puff kills Nathan. Lila turns herself in as the murderer and asks Puff to testify on the waywardness of humanity before he returns to his home in the forest.

After the reporters and spectators leave, Puff comes back out of the forest and gets into a car with Gabrielle. They both drive off to get food (she still speaks with a French accent).

At the end of the film, there is a philosophical passage read while the credits appear. It is an excerpt of William of Ockham from Opera Theologica in which Ockham explains his theory of intuitive cognition. "Intuitive cognition is such that when some things are cognized, of which one inheres in the other, or one is spatially distant from the other, or exists in some relation to the other, immediately in virtue of that non-propositional cognition of those things, it is known if the thing inheres or does not inhere, if it is spatially distant or not, and the same for other true contingent propositions, unless that cognition is flawed or there is some impediment."

Cast

Patricia Arquette as Lila Jute
Hilary Duff as Young Lila Jute
Tim Robbins as Nathan Bronfman
Rhys Ifans as Puff
Rosie Perez as Louise
Miranda Otto as Gabrielle
Peter Dinklage as Frank
Mary Kay Place as Mrs. Bronfman
Robert Forster as Mr. Bronfman
Toby Huss as Puff's Father

Production

Steven Soderbergh was first interested in directing Charlie Kaufman's script back in late 1996, when Kaufman was still trying to get Being John Malkovich produced. Soderbergh's considerations for casting were for David Hyde Pierce in the role of Nathan Bronfman, Chris Kattan in the role of Puff (likely due to his character Mr. Peepers on Saturday Night Live at the time), and Marisa Tomei in the role of Lila Jute. He was about to go into pre-production when he was offered Out of Sight and after much deliberation he left the project.

Reception

Box office

Human Nature has grossed $705,308 in the United States and Canada, and $869,352 in other territories for a worldwide total of 1.6 million, against a production budget of $8.6 million.

Critical response

On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a score of 49% based on 94 reviews, and an average rating of 5.8/10. The website's consensus reads, "As quirky as Being John Malkovich but not as funny, Human Nature feels too forced and unengaging." On Metacritic, it has an average score of 56 out of 100 based on 30 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews."

Roger Ebert, in a three-star (out of a possible four) review, lauded the film's "screwball charm".

References

"Human Nature (2001)". British Film Institute. London. Archived from the original on August 2, 2012. Retrieved October 16, 2012.
^ JP. "Human Nature (2001)- JPBox-Office". www.jpbox-office.com.
^ "Human Nature (2002)". Box Office Mojo. IMDb. Retrieved December 17, 2013.
^ "Human Nature (2002) – International Box Office Results". Box Office Mojo. IMDb. Retrieved December 17, 2013.
"Festival de Cannes: Human Nature". Festival-Cannes.com. Retrieved October 24, 2009.
Opera Theologica p. 31.
"Human Nature (2002)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango. Retrieved April 26, 2018.
"Human Nature Reviews". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved August 28, 2020.
Ebert, Roger (April 12, 2002). "Human Nature". Chicago Sun-Times. RogerEbert.com. Retrieved August 28, 2020.

External links

v t e Films directed by Michel Gondry
Features	Human Nature (2001) Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (2004) The Science of Sleep (2006) Be Kind Rewind (2008) The Green Hornet (2011) The We and the I (2012) Mood Indigo (2013) Microbe & Gasoline (2015) The Book of Solutions (2023) Golden (2025)
Documentaries	Dave Chappelle's Block Party (2005) The Thorn in the Heart (2009) Is the Man Who Is Tall Happy? (2013)
TV series	Kidding (2018–20)
Shorts/segments	Pecan Pie (2003) Tokyo! (2008)
Music videos	The Work of Director Michel Gondry (2003) Michel Gondry 2: More Videos (Before and After DVD 1) (2009)
Animated films	Maya, Give Me a Title (2024)

v t e Charlie Kaufman
Awards and nominations
Films written and directed	Synecdoche, New York (2008) Anomalisa (2015) I'm Thinking of Ending Things (2020)
Films written	Being John Malkovich (1999) Human Nature (2001) Adaptation (2002) Confessions of a Dangerous Mind (2002) Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (2004) Orion and the Dark (2024)
Novels	Antkind (2020)

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