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Marie Curie

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Revision as of 19:16, 1 February 2007 by 209.56.132.13 (talk) (→Biography)(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff) This article is about the physicist and chemist Marie Skłodowska-Curie. For the school named after her, see École élémentaire Marie-Curie.
Maria Skłodowska-Curie
Maria Skłodowska-Curie.
BornNovember 7 1867
Warsaw, Poland
DiedJuly 4 1934
Sancellemoz, France
Nationality Polish French
Alma materSorbonne and ESPCI
Known forRadioactivity
AwardsFile:Nobel.svg Nobel Prize for Physics (1903)
File:Nobel.svg Nobel Prize for Chemistry (1911)
Scientific career
FieldsPhysics and Chemistry
InstitutionsSorbonne
Doctoral advisorHenri Becquerel
Doctoral studentsAndré-Louis Debierne
Marguerite Catherine Perey
Notes
The only person to win two Nobel Prizes in different science fields. Married to Pierre Curie (m. 1895), their children include Irène Joliot-Curie and Ève Curie.

Maria Skłodowska-Curie (born Maria Skłodowska; known in France where she lived for most of her life as Marie Curie, aka Madame Curie; Warsaw, November 7, 1867 – July 4 1934, Sancellemoz, France) was a Polish-French physicist and chemist. She was a pioneer in radioactivity, the first two-time Nobel laureate (the only one in two different sciences), and the first female professor at the Sorbonne.

She was born in Warsaw, Poland, to Polish parents and lived there to age 24. In 1891 she went to Paris, France, to study science. She obtained her higher degrees and conducted nearly all her scientific work there, and became a naturalized French citizen. She founded the Curie Institutes in Paris, France, and in her home town, Warsaw, in resurrected Poland.

There once was a boy his name was andy but his friends called him gandy

Prizes

Tribute

Skłodowska-Curie's younger daughter, Eve Curie, wrote the biography, Madame Curie, after her mother's death.

In 1995, Madame Curie was the first and only woman laid to rest under the famous dome of the Panthéon, in Paris, on her own merits (alongside her husband, Pierre Curie).

A unit of radioactivity, the Curie (symbol Ci), is named in their honor.

Greer Garson and Walter Pidgeon starred in the 1943 U. S. Oscar-nominated film, Madame Curie, based on her life.

"Marie Curie" appears as a character in the 1988 comedy, Young Einstein, by Yahoo Serious.

French playwright Jean-Noël Fenwick's 1989 lighthearted drama, Les Palmes de M. Schutz, is based on the early romance and scientific collaboration of Marie and Pierre Curie. A 1997 movie version starred Isabelle Hupert as Mme. Curie.

Skłodowska-Curie's likeness appeared on the Polish late-1980s inflationary 20,000-złoty banknote. Her likeness also appeared on stamps and coins, and on the last French 500-franc note (with her husband, Pierre Curie) before the franc was made obsolete by the euro.

Element no. 96, Curium (Cm), is named in honour of her and Pierre.

Pierre and Marie Curie University, the largest science, technology and medicine university in France, and successor institution to the faculty of science at the University of Paris, where she taught, is named in honor of her and Pierre. The university is home to the laboratory where they discovered radium.

A school named for her, Marie Curie M.S.158, in Bayside, New York, specializes in science and technology.

See also

At the legendary First Solvay Conference (1911), Skłodowska-Curie (seated, 2nd from right), the only woman present, confers with Henri Poincaré. Standing, 4th from right, is Ernest Rutherford; 2nd from right, Albert Einstein; at far right, Paul Langevin.

Further reading

  • Madame Curie: A Biography, by Eve Curie, ISBN 0-306-81038-7
  • Marie Curie: A Life, by Susan Quinn, ISBN 0-201-88794-0
  • Obsessive Genius: The Inner World of Marie Curie, by Barbara Goldsmith, ISBN 0-393-05137-4
  • The Book about Blanche and Marie, by Per Olov Enquist, ISBN 1-58567-668-3, a fictionalized account of relationships among Curie, JM Charcot and Blanche Wittman

References


External links

Laureates of the Nobel Prize in Physics
1901–1925
1926–1950
1951–1975
1976–2000
2001–
present
Laureates of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
1901–1925
1926–1950
1951–1975
1976–2000
2001–present


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