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The Treaty of Fredrikshamn (1809) concluded the Finnish War between Russia and Sweden. The treaty was signed in the present-day Finnish town of Hamina.
According to the treaty Sweden ceeded Åland, parts of the provinces Lapponia and Westrobothnia (east of the Tornio river) and all provinces east thereof.
The ceeded terrotories came to constitute a Russian Grand Duchy, to which also the 18th century conquests of Karelia including parts of Nyland and Savonia were later annexed (see: "Old Finland").
Together with the Porvoo Diet (1809) the Treaty of Fredrikshamn constitutes the cornerstone for the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland, and thereby the start of the development which would lead to the revival of Finnish language and culture, and ultimately in 1917 to Finland's independence.