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Juan Branco
Branco in 2019
Born1989 (age 34–35)
Estepona, Andalusia,
Spain
NationalityFrench, Spanish
EducationÉcole normale supérieure (Paris) (doctorate)

Paris-Sorbonne University Panthéon-Sorbonne University Sciences Po Paris

École alsacienne
Occupation(s)Lawyer, writer, journalist
Employer(s)International Criminal Court (2010-2011)

French Ministry of Foreign Affairs (2012-2013)
Yale Law School (2013-2014)
Max Planck Institute (2015-2016)
La Sapienza University (2015-2016)

Wikileaks (2015-2019)
Notable workCrépuscule
Political partyThe Greens (2008-2009)

Socialist Party (2012)
Partido X (2014)

La France Insoumise (2017-2018)
MovementIndignados Movement (2013-2014)
Yellow Vest Movement (since 2018)
FatherPaulo Branco

Juan Branco (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈxwan ˈbɾaŋko], French: [bʁɑ̃ko], Portuguese: [ˈbɾɐ̃ko]), full name Juan Paulo Branco Lopez, born on August 26 in Estepona, is a French-Spanish lawyer, writer, journalist and political activist.

The son of Portuguese film producer Paulo Branco, he grew up in a wealthy environment. As a student, he stood out by opposing the Hadopi law, and became involved in politics, first with The Greens, and then within the Socialist Party's cultural centre during François Hollande's 2012 French presidential campaign. He was fired the day after the election, when the party reversed its position on Hadopi.

A doctor of law since 2014, he became WikiLeaks' and Julian Assange's legal advisor in France, after working as a researcher at Yale Law School, the Max Planck Institute and La Sapienza University. In 2017, he became a lawyer and defended Jean-Luc Mélenchon. In the same year, he ran unsuccessfully in the French legislative elections in Seine-Saint-Denis with the support of La France insoumise. He then distanced himself from the party.

He participated in the yellow vests movement in 2018 and defended figures from the movement pro-bono, including Maxime Nicolle and Christophe Dettinger. During the protests, he also published Crépuscule, a bestseller criticising Emmanuel Macron's rise to power and his links with French billionaires who concentrate press ownership.

In june 2019, he filed at the International Criminal Court, jointly with Omer Shatz, a 250-page communication on European migration policy, accusing the leaders of the European Union of crimes against humanity over the deaths of thousands of migrants.

He became La Liga's lawyer from 2022, after the organisation lodged a complaint at UEFA against PSG and Manchester City for non-compliance with financial fair play rules ; and Senegalese opposition leader Ousmanne Sonko's lawyer from 2023.

Origins and private life

Born in Spain in 1989, in the municipality of Estepona, Andalusia, Juan Branco is the son of Portuguese film producer Paulo Branco and Spanish psychoanalyst Dolores López. He grew up in Andalusia and then in Paris, between the 5th and 6th arrondissements. He has two sisters and a brother. He was naturalized French in 2010.

He lived a "golden childhood" in the Saint-Germain-des-Prés neighborhood of Paris, being acquainted with celebrities like Catherine Deneuve and Raoul Ruiz.

In 2018 and 2019, he received welfare assistance (Revenu de solidarité active) after having defended yellow vest protestors pro-bono.

Education

Ecole alsacienne

After an education spent in public schools, Branco studied at the École alsacienne, a private establishment in the 6th arrondissement. In his own words, "one can reproduce and socialize there without fear of being contaminated by bad company". He also claimed to have "great contempt for the conformism of all these heirs". He used social networks to comment on the physique of his comrades; his comrade Gabriel Attal complained of his actions to the management of the establishment.

Masters at Sciences Po, Paris 1, ENS, and Paris IV

In 2007, he joined Sciences Po Paris (IEP) where he relaunched the film club and was noticed by the director of the establishment, Richard Descoings, who entrusted him with the mission of taking photos to feed his Facebook account. Years after he was asked by his widow to deliver a eulogy on behalf of the school's students at his funeral, he said, "All the flattery was instrumental, aimed at absorbing me to make me serve the system". During his studies at the IEP, he obtained a DEUG in philosophy and law co-accredited by the University of Paris 1 in 2009, following which he was admitted to the literature and languages department of the École Normale Supérieure (ENS Ulm) the same year, and finished his bachelor's degree from the IEP the following year.

He obtained an M1 in modern literature in 2011, followed by an M2 in political philosophy and a Masters in public affairs in 2012, accredited by the University of Paris IV and the IEP of Paris respectively. The following year, he obtained an M2 in geopolitics co-accredited by the ENS Ulm and the University of Paris 1, and became an audit student of the ENS.

In 2019, L'Express reported that he mentioned on his curriculum vitae "in charge of a seminar at the École Normale Supérieure", which he was not. Branco replied to the weekly, "It changes absolutely nothing in the facts, whether it is organized by a student or not."

Doctor of law

Under the guidance of legal historian Jean-Louis Halpérin, he began a doctorate in international law and legal philosophy. His thesis, defended at the ENS Ulm eight months later, gave him the title of doctor of law. His work on the International Criminal Court was rewarded in 2015 with one of the thesis prizes from the Varenne University Institute — which became the Louis-Joinet Prize — in the “international criminal justice” category.

This doctorate obtained in eight months allowed him to join a regional training center for the profession of lawyer (CRFPA).

Professional career

Researcher at Yale, Max Planck and La Sapienza (2013-2016)

After having worked with the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court for a year, and as an external collaborator at the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs for another year, he was employed in the French department of Yale University between 2013 and 2014, and became a visiting scholar at Yale Law School, where he collaborated with the Yale Journal of International Law. In 2015, he was recruited as a visiting scholar at La Sapienza University of Rome, and as a Senior Research Fellow at the Max Planck Institute Luxembourg for Procedural Law. He earned eight thousand euros in salary there and specified on this subject: “I did not know what to do with it. It was a bit unsettling”.

Legal advisor of Wikileaks and Julian Assange (2015-2019)

At the same time, after collaborating with the organization as a volunteer for a few months, he joined the defense team of WikiLeaks and Julian Assange under the direction of Baltasar Garzón. As a legal adviser, he then represented the organization publicly, notably during the National Security Agency espionage revelations in 2015, relating to the presidents of the French Republic as well as to its large companies. He participated in diplomatic negotiations to obtain the right of asylum for Assange, which the Élysée eventually refused.

Described by Le Supplément as "the man in the shadows" of Assange, responsible in particular for procedures with the United Nations and relations with certain States, he described on numerous occasions the risks inherent in working with WikiLeaks, particularly in contact with intelligence agencies, and defined the organization as a "World Library of Power Devices".

In 2019, French independent newspaper Mediapart revealed that Branco was indeed spied on by the CIA during his visits to Julian Assange in London.

Lawyer (since 2017)

First clients

Branco passed the bar in April 2017 and became a lawyer. He notably defended Jean-Luc Mélenchon during the so-called "OAS" affair, a far-right terrorist group planning attacks on politicians and mosques ; as well as his father against Terry Gilliam and the Cannes Festival in The Man Who Killed Don Quixote case, where he prevailed.

MINUSCA legal expert

In May 2018, he was recruited by the UN in the Central African Republic as an independent expert, and was responsible with two other people for developing the prosecution strategy of the prosecutor of the Central African Special Criminal Court. Although he was bound by a confidentiality clause, he accused on May 25, publicly on Twitter, the forces of the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA) of having committed a massacre in Bangui. Less than a week later, he was expelled from the country and claimed that this was the result of the institution's "culture of impunity".

Yellow vest protestors

During the Yellow Vests movement, he became the pro-bono lawyer for protest figures, such as Maxime Nicolle, Christophe Dettinger and Stéphane Espic. In particular, he intervened when Maxime Nicolle was arrested in July 2019.

Report accusing EU of crimes against humanity

In June 2019, he filed at the International Criminal Court, jointly with Omer Shatz, a 250-page communication on European migration policy, accusing the leaders of the European Union of crimes against humanity over the deaths of thousands of migrants who have perished in the Mediterranean Sea while trying to flee Libya between 2014 and 2019. The report also claimed that the EU "orchestrated the interception and detention of 40,000 people" seeking to flee the country between 2016 and 2019. The document was based on the analysis of five years of statements, decisions and European reports. The French Ministry of Foreign Affairs reacted by indicating that “this accusation has no legal basis”.

Marvel Fitness and Mila affair

In 2020, he became the lawyer for the appeal of Marvel Fitness, a Youtuber who was accused of harassing several fitness Youtubers, after he had been convicted in the first instance and remanded in custody, as well as one of the defendants in the Mila affair. Marvel Fitness was released and sentenced on appeal to eighteen months in prison, two of which were suspended. Branco described the trial as "a playground conflict that should not have been litigated".

La Liga

In 2022, he became La Liga's lawyer in France, after the organisation filed a complaint at UEFA against PSG and Manchester City for non-compliance with financial fair play rules. He requested that Kylian Mbappé's contract be terminated.

Damien Tarel

He also represented on appeal Damien Tarel, condemned for having slapped Emmanuel Macron, defending "a purgatory gesture which relieved many French people".

Ousmane Sonko

In 2023, he defended senegalese opposition leader Ousmane Sonko, who was accused of defamation by the Senegalese Tourism Minister, after a statement about his management of public funds. On 30 March, he was refused entry into the country by the police at Dakar airport.

Political activity

The Greens and Jeune République (2008-2009)

Logo of Jeune République, a think tank founded by Juan Branco.

During his studies at Sciences Po, he became involved in school reform projects with the director Richard Descoings. Reputed close to Dominique de Villepin, he joined the Young Greens, leading the Île-de-France section and mobilising in particular against European migration policy and the Return directive.

France Info states : “After appearing on a Green list in the 2008 Paris municipal elections, he created the Jeune République think tank at the end of his second year, identified as close to Dominique de Villepin. "On the ideas, there was always a certain coherence, however, I was searching the way to defend them", he explains. "

Fight against Hadopi law (2009-2012)

In 2009, together with La Quadrature du Net, he fought against the Hadopi law, a French bill enforcing copyright protection on the Internet, by creating the platform Création, Public, Internet and by writing an open letter against the project in April 2009, which was signed by personalities from the film industry, including his father, Catherine Deneuve, Chantal Akerman and Christophe Honoré. The signatories denounced the "liberticidal" nature of the Hadopi Law and called on politicians to think about "new methods of remuneration" and to "meet the expectations of the public". He became acquainted with Julian Assange during the fight against Hadopi.

His book Réponses à Hadopi, published in 2011, proposed the development of a new legal and financial system for the film industry.

Socialist Party (2012)

During the 2012 presidential election campaign, he became involved in the Socialist Party and worked several months in the cultural centre of François Hollande's campaign. As a member of the "Culture, Audiovisual and Media" pole - led by future French Minister of Culture and Communication Aurélie Filippetti - , and presented by Les Inrocks as her chief of staff, Branco defended a reform of the French cultural exception, including the repeal of the Hadopi law and the decriminalisation of non-commercial peer-to-peer cultural exchanges.

However, he was dismissed the day after the presidential election, in favor of personnalities from the cultural industries who were more favorable to Hadopi like Pierre Lescure or David Kaessler. Le Monde stated, "Hadopi makes first victim on the left". According to Juan Branco, this was a result of a lobbying campaign from some of the cultural industries against his reform. Mediapart's investigation confirmed an "accumulation of interests", in particular, Pierre Lescure's name had been suggested to François Hollande by France's Guild of Authors, Directors and Producers. Aurélie Filippetti, on the other hand, claimed that it was her refusal to accept Branco's request to become her chief of staff that led to his departure.

Indignados movement and Partido X (2013-2014)

He was then involved in the Spanish Indignados movement. During this period, he was edited by Alain Badiou, Michel Surya and Barbara Cassin, and intervened alongside Noam Chomsky, Jean-Luc Godard and Baltasar Garzón on issues of copyright, mass violence and surveillance in the digital era.

He later joined the campaign team of Partido X, arising from the Indignados movement, during the 2014 European elections in Spain.

Opposition to Emmanuel Macron (since 2013)

A fierce critic of Emmanuel Macron long before his election, he invited the journalist Marc Endeweld to investigate him in 2013, claiming that the conditions of his accession to power would determine the exercise of his power. From 2016, he described the possible election of the En Marche candidate as a precursor to the election of Marine Le Pen, and defended the blank ballot between the two rounds of the 2017 French presidential election.

La France Insoumise (2017-2018)

Branco then ran in the 2017 French legislative elections in Seine-Saint-Denis's 12th constituency under the label of La France insoumise, whose leader Jean-Luc Mélenchon was convinced by his support for Julian Assange. Branco came fourth and was eliminated in the first round, with 13.9% of the votes cast and 5.5% of those registered. Ahead of him were Jordan Bardella (FN, 15.1%), Ludovic Toro (UDI, 19.7%) and Stéphane Testé (LREM, 33.8%), who was elected in the second round.

Yellow Vests movement (since 2018)

He supported the yellow vests movement from the start and called for the dismissal of Emmanuel Macron. He became the pro-bono lawyer for protest figures, such as Maxime Nicolle, Christophe Dettinger and Stéphane Espic. And also a friend of Maxime Nicolle, for whose autobiography Fly Rider, gilet jaune he wrote the preface, and of whom he said, "He is more intelligent than I am : I have learnt a lot from him, whether it is about French society, what he thinks of the current institutions, his experience of life in the army...". On January 5, 2019, he was present on the scene when a forklift forced the entry of the government spokesman's office, exercised by Benjamin Griveaux. In February 2019, in an interview with L'Express, he said of Macron's movement : "They are not corrupt, they are corruption".

Back in July 2017, in an interview with Aude Lancelin and in a first passage for Thinkerview, he had indeed anticipated a major political rupture as well as an increase in political violence in the country, due to an "authoritarian temptation" arising from the conditions of Emmanuel Macron's accession to power.

During the 2019 European elections, Branco called for abstention, which earned him the disapproval of Jean-Luc Mélenchon.

Writing activity

Réponses à Hadopi

In 2011, Branco published Réponses à Hadopi, a political fiction that imagines the development of a new legal and financial system for the film industry, and examines the concrete impact of the "global licence" on the cinema economy.

He imagined that in the following election, almost all the political parties had included the "global licence" in their presidential election manifestos: that is, freedom of downloading, accompanied by a mechanism to compensate artists and their beneficiaries, instead of penalising Internet users who pirate works.

Branco then imagined that the average broadband Internet and telephone subscription would be raised from 30 euros to 35 euros. In return, ISP customers would have unlimited access to cultural content. The difference of 5 euros would be a nice sum, at least 1.2 billion euros, thanks to the 20 million households that would be connected in 2011. This money would go to artists' rights holders on a basis proportional to the number of downloads, plus a redistribution to promote cultural diversity. 400 million of this total of 1.2 billion euros would go to the cinema, according to the economic model proposed by Philippe Aigrain, founder of La Quadrature du Net.

He concluded: "The global licence is in fact the last hope of a cultural exception that is becoming increasingly fragile". This plea is followed by an interview with Jean-Luc Godard, for whom "the author's only right is his duty to create".

Crépuscule

Main article: Crépuscule (book)

In December 2018, he published Crépuscule on his blog hosted by Le Monde, a long document which criticized the rise of Emmanuel Macron and his links to the wealthy shareholders of the French press, a vitriolic attack on a section of the Parisian elite and a call for popular revolt. He described Macron's movement as "a new form of fascism". He already reported a major democratic aporia in Contre Macron, a first philosophical text published online in July 2017 and published by Divergences in January 2019.

Shortly after the publication of his text, he was reported to the public prosecutor's office by the French deputy Aurore Bergé for "arming people's minds to legitimise violence in the country". He denied any fault and claimed responsibility for his writings, and was defended by WikiLeaks, by Denis Robert, who introduced the written version of his text, or even by Pamela Anderson.

After being downloaded around 100,000 times, Crépuscule was published by Au diable vauvert in March 2019 and sold 250,000 copies. Abroad, it has been covered by the media, particularly in Spain, Belgium and Switzerland, but not in France, despite having been on several literary bestseller lists. Belgian newspaper La Libre Belgique wondered : "Who is Juan Branco, the Wikileaks legal adviser who has alienated the French press?" It wasn't until the end of April 2019 that some French media reviewed the book, mostly negatively.

Hanouna

In May 2023, he announced the publication of his forthcoming book Hanouna, which promises to tackle the French show business and in particular TPMP host Cyril Hanouna: "What is Hanouna ? Nothing. Nada. Keutchi. A pawn in a system that would be useless to overthrow on its own, ". Hanouna will be published on June 1, but the book is already a bestseller in online bookstores.

Journalistic activity

Between 2008 and 2019, Branco has written columns for Le Monde Diplomatique, L'Humanité, Libération,, Esprit, and Les Inrockuptibles.

In 2013, he was reporter during the Central African Republic Civil War for Les Inrockuptibles.

In 2016, he investigated Areva's operations in the Central African Republic, known as the "Uramin scandal", for Le Monde Diplomatique, and in 2019 he published an article entitled "The indomitable Julian Assange".

He then developed a critique of media concentration, notably in his book Crépuscule.

Other activities

After he published Crépuscule in December 2018, denouncing the concentration of French media ownership in the hands of billionaires and their role in the election of Emmanuel Macron, he alienated the French press, which began to criticise him harshly ("conspirator", "fascist"...) and investigate his background.

Conflict with L'Express

In an article published on 11 February 2019, L'Express claimed that Branco had not been "in charge of a seminar" at the École normale supérieure, described him as a "chic radical who wants the skin of Macron", criticised his closeness to the Yellow Vest Movement, recalled the controversy with Gabriel Attal and questioned the sincerity of his commitment. Exercising his right of reply, published by the newspaper on 29 April 2019, Branco criticised the article for presenting "a one-sided portrait of a 29-year-old man, based in particular on facts that occurred during minority" ; he also pointed out that L'Express is owned by the businessman and billionaire Patrick Drahi, who had been heavily criticised in Crépuscule.

Self-promotion on Misplaced Pages

In February 2019, L'Express claimed that, after a dispute with the wife of a former Sciences Po professor over the latter's Misplaced Pages page, he impersonated a Misplaced Pages administrator by signing an email to her employer saying she had unduly modified the page. The professor had alledgely given him a zero for absenteeism during the 2012 French presidential campaign.

On 21 February 2020, Le Figaro claimed that Branco had been editing his own Misplaced Pages pages for many years, in an attempt to embellish his biography. He alledgely made his edits under several identities, using so-called sockpuppets. According to the French newspaper, he had also edited other people's articles to portray them in a negative light.

Benjamin Griveaux affair

On 14 February 2020, it was reported that he was representing the Russian artist Petr Pavlensky, both before and after the latter leaked sexually explicit videos depicting Paris mayor elections candidate Benjamin Griveaux on his website Pornopolitique. Multiple sources claimed that Branco was involved in the leak. This was denied by Branco.

After Branco was hired by Pavlensky as his defense attorney, the chairman of the French Bar Association opened an inquiry into the appropriateness of the defense in light of Branco's involvement in the affair. No conflict of interest was found, but Branco was advised to step down as Pavlensky's defense attorney nonetheless due to a "lack of distance". Branco originally followed the advice but later reverted his decision and joined the defense of Pavlensky once more. Branco went on to request an ironical psychological evaluation of Griveaux to know if he had a "cognitive dissociation, and possibly to distinguish it from the more classic Tartuffe syndrome seen in a number of high-level politicians", whose defense called the request "grotesque and hateful". The request was denied by the examining magistrate.

In October 2020, it was reported that disciplinary proceedings were being pursued against Branco by the Paris Bar Association following his involvement in the affair.

In September 2021, he received a blame from the Paris Bar Association for having "amplified the viral distribution" of the intimate videos, but was largely cleared of the other charges.

In 2022, the investigating magistrates definitively cleared Branco of all charges.

Proposal to defend Salah Abdeslam

On 22 February 2020, Valeurs actuelles revealed that in an October 2016 letter to the Fleury-Mérogis prison, Branco had proposed to Salah Abdeslam, one of the terrorists responsible for the November 2015 Paris attacks, to "dismiss legal advisors" and made suggestions for his defence strategy. Branco claimed to have written the letter because he wanted to "allow those who cannot defend themselves to defend themselves". However, Frank Berton, the terrorist's first French lawyer, denounced an "illegal exercise of the profession". In fact, when Branco contacted Salah Abdeslam, he was not yet a lawyer. Branco explained that in October 2016, he "had just got his lawyer certificate" and "could be sworn in and become a lawyer in a heartbeat if had wanted to."

Ongoing justice investigation for rape

On 29 April 2021, a 20-year-old woman accused Branco of having abused her after they had taken a drug together. Branco claimed the relation had been consensual. He also showed journalists a conversation in which the young woman assured him that she would withdraw her accusation on the following monday, but she did not withdraw. Branco was placed under criminal investigation for rape in November 2021.

Publications

References

  1. "Juan Branco désosse Macron | Entretiens". Là-bas si j'y suis (in French). 21 December 2018. Retrieved 2023-05-02.
  2. Santucci, Françoise-Marie. "Le joueur des chèques". Libération (in French). Retrieved 2023-05-02.
  3. ^ Endeweld 2013
  4. ^ "Juan Branco, itinéraire d'un enfant gâté devenu activiste sans scrupule" (in French). 18 February 2020. Retrieved 2020-03-08.
  5. ^ "Affaire Griveaux : Ce qu'il faut savoir sur Juan Branco". 17 February 2020.
  6. ^ "Les réponses de l'Express à Juan Branco". 29 April 2019.
  7. ^ Mariel Primois Bizot, Au Diable Vauvert, October 3, 2019, ISBN  979-10-307-0304-7, p. 128
  8. ^ "Des grandes écoles aux "gilets jaunes" en passant par WikiLeaks : qui est Juan Branco, l'avocat proche de Piotr Pavlenski ?". Franceinfo (in French). 2019-05-07. Retrieved 2020-06-30.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  9. ^ "Juan Branco, le radical chic qui veut la peau de la Macronie". 11 February 2019.
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  27. Hourdeaux, Jérôme. "Les Etats-Unis ont espionné Julian Assange et ses visiteurs à Londres". Mediapart (in French). Retrieved 2023-05-19.
  28. "Menaces de l'ultra-droite : Mélenchon demande que Collomb soit entendu par la justice". Europe 1 (in French). 4 April 2018. Retrieved 2023-05-07.
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  31. AfricaNews (2018-05-31). "Centrafrique : la Minusca expulse un expert français qui l'accuse de crimes". Africanews (in French). Retrieved 2023-05-07.
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  37. ^ "Des "gilets jaunes" à Piotr Pavlenski, en passant par l'intelligentsia parisienne... La galaxie éclectique de Juan Branco". Franceinfo (in French). 2020-02-29. Retrieved 2023-05-21.
  38. "Décès de migrants en Méditerranée: des avocats veulent traduire l'UE en justice". LEFIGARO (in French). 2019-06-03. Retrieved 2023-05-10.
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  41. "Deux avocats accusent l'UE de crimes contre l'humanité envers les migrants de Libye". Le Monde.fr (in French). 2019-06-03. Retrieved 2023-05-10.
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