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| Zhu Shizhen 朱世珍 | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Born | Zhu Wusi (朱五四) 1281 Zhiyuan 18 (至元十八年) Jurong | ||||||||||||
| Died | 1344 (aged 63) Zhizheng 4 (至正四年) | ||||||||||||
| Burial | Ming Imperial Mausoleum (明皇陵) | ||||||||||||
| Spouse | Empress Chun | ||||||||||||
| Issue |
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| |||||||||||||
| Father | Zhu Chuyi | ||||||||||||
| Mother | Empress Yu | ||||||||||||
Zhu Shizhen (Chinese: 朱世珍; pinyin: Zhū Shìzhēn; 1281–1344), born Zhu Wusi (Chinese: 朱五四; pinyin: Zhū Wǔsì), was the father of Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming dynasty. He was a native of Jurong (present-day Jurong, Jiangsu). His father, Zhu Chuyi, moved to Xuyi, Si Prefecture (present-day Xuyi, Jiangsu), and Zhu Shizhen moved again to Zhongli, Haozhou (present-day Fengyang, Anhui).
His wife was Lady Chen, posthumously Empress Chun. He had four sons — the eldest, Zhu Chongsi (Zhu Xinglong) the Prince of Nanchang, the second, Zhu Chongliu (Zhu Xingsheng) the Prince of Xuyi, the third, Zhu Chongqi (Zhu Xingzu) the Prince of Linhuai, and the fourth was Zhu Yuanzhang the Hongwu Emperor — and two daughters — Grand Princess of Cao (mother of Li Wenzhong) and Grand Princess Taiyuan.
In 1344, there was a great drought in Huaibei, and Zhu Shizhen, Lady Chen, and Zhu Xinglong the Prince of Nanchang, died successively.
In 1363, Han Lin'er posthumously gave Zhu Wusi the titles Kai fu yi tong san si (開府儀同三司), Shang zhu guo (上柱國), Lu jun guo zhong shi (錄軍國重事), Zhong shu you cheng xiang (中書右丞相), Tai wei (太尉), and Wu guo gong (吳國公). His wife, Lady Chen, was posthumously given the title Gong furen (公夫人).
In 1368, Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming dynasty in Nanjing and posthumously honoured Zhu Shizhen as emperor, with the temple name Renzu (仁祖) and posthumous name Emperor Chun (淳皇帝). His tomb was Ming Imperial Mausoleum in Fengyang.
Family
Consorts and Issue:
- Empress Chun, of the Chen clan (淳皇后 陳氏; 1286–1344)
- Zhu Chongsi (Zhu Xinglong), Prince of Nanchang (南昌王 朱重四 (朱興隆); 1307–1344), first son
- Zhu Chongliu (Zhu Xingsheng), Prince of Xuyi (盱眙王 朱重六 (朱興盛); ?–?), second son
- Zhu Chongqi (Zhu Xingzu), Prince of Linhuai (臨淮王 朱重七 (朱興祖); ?–?), third son
- Zhu Chongba (Zhu Xingzong, Zhu Yuanzhang), the Hongwu Emperor (洪武帝 朱重八 (朱興宗, 朱元璋); 21 October 1328 – 24 June 1398), fourth son
- Grand Princess Taiyuan (太原長公主), first daughter
- Married Wang Qiyi (王七一)
- Grand Princess of Cao (曹國長公主; 1317–1351), personal name Fonü (佛女), second daughter
- Married Li Zhen (李貞; 1304–1379), and had issue (one son)
Ancestry
Further information: Family tree of Zhu Shizhen| Zhu Zhongba | |||||||||||||||||||
| Zhu Bailiu | |||||||||||||||||||
| Lady Chen | |||||||||||||||||||
| Zhu Sijiu | |||||||||||||||||||
| Empress Xuan | |||||||||||||||||||
| Zhu Chuyi | |||||||||||||||||||
| Empress Heng | |||||||||||||||||||
| Zhu Shizhen (1281–1344) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Empress Yu | |||||||||||||||||||
References
- 明太祖御制朱氏世德碑记
- Ming Taizu Shilu (明太祖实录), Volume 1：“宋季时，熙祖始徙家渡淮居泗州，父仁祖讳世珍，元世又徙居钟离之东乡，勤俭忠厚，人称长者。母太后陈氏生四子，上其季也。”
- Yanshan Hall Collection (弇山堂别集), Volume 6 (San zu jue feng, 三祖爵封)
- History of Ming, Volume 2：追尊高祖考曰玄皇帝，廟號德祖，曾祖考曰恆皇帝，廟號懿祖；祖考曰裕皇帝，廟號熙祖，皇考曰淳皇帝，廟號仁祖，妣皆皇后。