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| East Central German | |
|---|---|
| East Middle German (Template:Lang-de) | |
| Geographic distribution | Thuringia, Saxony, Berlin, Brandenburg, Silesia |
| Linguistic classification | Indo-European
|
| Subdivisions |
|
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | east2832 (East Middle German)uppe1400 (Central East Middle German) |
 Central German dialects after 1945 and the expulsions of the Germans from their eastern homelands
Thuringian (7)
Upper Saxon (8)
Erzgebirgisch (9)
Lusatian (10)
South Marchian with Berlinian (11) | |
East Central German or East Middle German (Template:Lang-de) is the eastern non-Franconian Central German language and is part of High German. Present-day Standard German as a High German variant, has actually developed from a compromise of East Central (especially Upper Saxon that was promoted by Johann Christoph Gottsched) and East Franconian German. East Central German dialects are mainly spoken in Central Germany and parts of Brandenburg, and were formerly also spoken in Silesia and Bohemia.
Dialects
East Central German is spoken in large parts of what is today known as the cultural area of Central Germany (Mitteldeutschland).
It comprises according to Glottolog:
- Central East Middle German
- High Prussian (Hochpreußisch) (nearly extinct)
- Thuringian (Thüringisch)
- Upper Saxon (Obersächsisch)
- Anhaltisch
- Meißnisch
- Osterländisch
- Westlausitzisch
- Erzgebirgisch
- Nordobersäschisch-Südmärkisch
- Schlesisch–Wilmesau
- Silesian (Schlesisch) (nearly extinct)
- Old Zipser (Altzipserisch)
- Wymysorys
- Eastern Yiddish (which is a form of Yiddish besides Western Yiddish)
- Silesian (Schlesisch) (nearly extinct)
Another division is:
- Ostmitteldeutsch (East Middle German, East Central German)
- Thüringisch (Thuringian)
- Zentralthüringisch (Central Thuringian)
- Westthüringisch (West Thuringian)
- Ostthüringisch (East Thuringian)
- Nordthüringisch (North Thuringian)
- Honsteinisch
- Sonderhäusisch
- Eichsfeldisch
- Südmansfeldisch
- Zentralthüringisch (Central Thuringian)
- Obersächsisch (Upper Saxon)
- Erzgebirgisch (Erzbergisch)
- Westerzgebirgisch (West Erzbergisch)
- Osterzgebirgisch (East Erzbergisch)
- Vorerzgebirgisch (Vorerzbergisch)
- Südmeißnisch (South Meißnisch), included in Erzgebirgisch or Meißnisch
- Meißnisch
- Südostmeißnisch (South-East Meißnisch)
- Westmeißnisch (West Meißnisch)
- Nordmeißnisch (North Meißnisch)
- Nordostmeißnisch (North-East Meißnisch)
- Nordobersächsisch (North Upper Saxon)
- Osterländisch
- Nordmansfeldisch
- Fuhnisch
- Dübenisch
- Erzgebirgisch (Erzbergisch)
- Lausitzisch-Märkisch or Lausitzisch-Neumärkisch
- Lausitzisch (Lausitzisch, literally Lusatian)
- Oberlausitzisch (Upper Lausitzisch)
- Neulausitzisch (New Lausitzisch)
- Westlausitzisch (West Lausitzisch)
- Ostlausitzisch (East Lausitzisch)
- Niederlausitzisch (Low Lausitzisch)
- Südmärkisch (South Märkisch)
- Neumärkisch (New Märkisch)
- Lausitzisch (Lausitzisch, literally Lusatian)
- Schlesisch (Silesian)
- Gebirgsschlesisch (Mountain Silesian)
- Löwenbergisch
- Schweidnitzisch
- Glatzisch
- Südostschlesisch (South-East Silesian)
- Oelsisch
- Briegisch
- Strehlisch
- Mittelschlesisch (Middle Silesian, lit. Middle or Central Silesian)
- Westschlesisch (West Silesian)
- Neiderländisch
- Gebirgsschlesisch (Mountain Silesian)
- Böhmisch (Bohemian)
- Ostegerländisch (East Egerländisch)
- Nordwestböhmisch (North-West Bohemian)
- Nordböhmisch (North Bohemian)
- Nordostböhmisch (North-East Bohemian)
- Nordmährisch (lit. North Moravian)
- Oppaländisch
- Kuhländisch
- Zentralnordmährisch (lit. Central North Moravian)
- Hochpreußisch (High Prussian)
- Breslauisch
- Oberländisch
- Nordoberländisch (North Oberländisch)
- Rosenbergisch
- Thüringisch (Thuringian)
Nordobersächsisch-Südmärkisch
The dialect area of Nordobersächsisch-Südmärkisch lies north of Upper-Saxon and north-western of Silesian, in the south it includes parts of Lusatia and in the north the region around Berlin. It consists of multiple sub-parts, where the switch to High German (from Low German or Sorbian) occured at different times and under different conditions.
See also
References
-
"Ethnologue: East Middle German". Retrieved 2010-11-24.
"Ethnologue: East Middle German". Retrieved 2021-09-27. - Hammarström, Harald; Forke, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2020). "East Middle German". Glottolog 4.3.
- ^ Wolfgang Putschke:
- Ostmitteldeutsch. In: Lexikon der Germanistischen Linguistik. Herausgegeben von Hans Peter Althaus, Helmut Henne, Herbert Ernst Wiegand. 2nd ed., Max Niemeyer Verlag Tübingen, 1980 (1st ed. 1973), here p. 474–477
- Ostmitteldeutsche Dialektologie. In: Ludwig Erich Schmitt (ed.): Germanische Dialektologie. Festschrift für Walther Mitzka zum 80. Geburtstag. I. (Zeitschrift für Mundartforschung. Beihefte, Neue Folge 5.) Franz Steiner Verlag GmbH, Wiesbaden 1968, p. 105–154, here p. 132 and 143
- ^ C. A. M. Noble: Modern German Dialects. Peter Lang, New York / Berne / Frankfort on the Main, p. 131
- Peter Wiesinger: Die Einteilung der deutschen Dialekte. In: Dialektologie. Ein Handbuch zur deutschen und allgemeinen Dialektforschung. Herausgegeben von Werner Besch, Ulrich Knoop, Wolfgang Putschke, Herbert Ernst Wiegand. Zweiter Halbband. Volume 1.2 of Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft (HSK). Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York, 1983, p. 807ff., here p. 865ff. (sub-chapter: Das Nordobersächsisch-Südmärkische)
- Map Deutsche Dialekte: Historische Verteilung by Jost Gippert. A previous version of it was published in: H. Glück (ed.), Metzler Lexikon Sprache, Stuttgart / Weimar, 1993, and later editions.
- Gippert, Jost. "TITUS Didactica: Deutsche Dialekte / German Dialects". titus.uni-frankfurt.de. (older than the URLs below)
- Gippert, Jost. "TITUS Didactica: Deutsche Dialekte / German Dialects". titus.uni-frankfurt.de.
- Gippert, Jost. "TITUS Didactica: Deutsche Dialekte / German Dialects". titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de.