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List of ethnic groups in Vietnam

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Vietnam is a multi-ethnic country with over fifty distinct groups (54 are recognized by the Vietnamese government), each with its own language, lifestyle, and cultural heritage. Many of the local ethnic groups are known collectively in the West as Montagnard or Degar. The largest ethnic groups are: Kinh (Viet) 86.2%, Tay 1.9%, Thai 1.7%, Muong 1.5%, Khmer Krom 1.4%, Hoa 1.1%, Nung 1.1%, Hmong 1%, others 4.1% (1999 census)

Alphabetical list

  1. Kinh (also called Viet, the largest ethnic group in Vietnam)
  2. Bahnar (Ba Na)
  3. Buyei (Bo Y)
  4. Brau
  5. Bru-Van Kieu (Bru Van Kieu)
  6. Cham - Descendants of the Champa kingdom in southern Vietnam
  7. Cho Ro
  8. Chru (Chu Ru)
  9. Chứt - related to Vietnamese, only 2000-4000 people
  10. Co
  11. Co Ho
  12. Co Lao
  13. Co Tu
  14. Cống (Cong)
  15. Dao - Yao people, also known as Mien, many speak Iu Mien language, distant relatives of Hmong
  16. E De (Rhade)
  17. Giay
  18. Gie Trieng
  19. Hani (Ha Nhi)
  20. Hmong (Mong, H'Mong) - Also known as Miao in China
  21. Hoa (Chinese)
  22. H're (Hre)
  23. Jarai (also spelled Gia Rai or J'rai)
  24. Khang
  25. Khmer Krom (Khmer)
  26. Kho Mu
  27. La Chi
  28. La Ha
  29. La Hu
  30. Lao - People from Laos
  31. Lô Lô (Lo Lo, Yi)
  32. Lu
  33. Ma
  34. Mang
  35. Mnong (M'nong)
  36. Muong - Closest to Kinh Vietnamese, other half of Viet-Muong language family
  37. Ngái
  38. Nung
  39. O Du
  40. Pa Then
  41. Phu La
  42. Pu Peo
  43. Raglai (Ra Glai)
  44. Ro Mam
  45. Sán Chay (San Chay, Shan)
  46. Sán Dìu (San Diu)
  47. Si La
  48. Sedang (Xơ-đăng, Xo Dang)
  49. Stieng (Xtiêng)
  50. Tà Ôi (Ta Oi)
  51. Tày (Tay) - The largest minority in Vietnam
  52. Thái (Thai)
  53. Thổ (Tho) - Related to Kinh Vietnamese
  54. Xinh-mun (Xinh Mun)

Listed by language group

  1. Mon-Khmer - Ba Na, Brau, Bru Van Kieu, Cho Ro, Co, Co Ho, Co Tu, Gie Trieng, Hre, Khang, Khmer, Kho Mu, Ma, Mang, M'nong, O Du, Ro Mam, Ta Oi, Xinh Mun, Xo Dang, Xtieng, Chut, Kinh, Muong, and Tho.
  2. Tay-Thai - Bo Y, Giay, Lao, Lu, Nung, San Chay, Tay, and Thai
  3. Tibeto-Burman - Cong, Ha Nhi, La Hu, Lo Lo, Phu La, and Si La
  4. Malayo-Polynesian - Cham, Chu Ru, E De, Gia Rai, and Ra Glai
  5. Kadai - Co Lao, La Chi, La Ha, and Pu Peo
  6. Mong-Dao - Dao, H'Mong, and Pa Then
  7. Han - Hoa, Ngai, and San Diu

Listed by population (as of the 1999 census)

  1. Kinh (also called Viet, the largest ethnic group in Vietnam) 86.2%
  2. Tày (Tay) - The largest minority in Vietnam 1.9%
  3. Thái (Thai) 1.7%
  4. Muong - Closest to Kinh Vietnamese, other half of Viet-Muong language family 1.5%
  5. Khmer Krom (Khmer) 1.4%
  6. Hoa (Chinese) 1.1%
  7. Nung 1.1%
  8. Hmong (Mong, H'Mong) - Also known as Miao in China 1%
  9. Dao - Yao people, also known as Mien, many speak Iu Mien language, distant relatives of Hmong
  10. Jarai (also spelled Gia Rai or J'rai)
  11. E De (Rhade)
  12. Bahnar (Ba Na)
  13. Sán Chay (San Chay, Shan)
  14. Cham - Descendants of the Champa kingdom in southern Vietnam
  15. Sedang (Xơ-đăng, Xo Dang)
  16. Sán Dìu (San Diu)
  17. H're (Hre)
  18. Co Ho
  19. Raglai (Ra Glai)
  20. Mnong (M'nong)
  21. Thổ (Tho) - Related to Kinh Vietnamese
  22. Stieng (Xtiêng)
  23. Kho Mu
  24. Bru-Van Kieu (Bru Van Kieu)
  25. Giay
  26. Co Tu
  27. Gie Trieng
  28. Tà Ôi (Ta Oi)
  29. Ma
  30. Co
  31. Cho Ro
  32. Hani (Ha Nhi)
  33. Xinh-mun (Xinh Mun)
  34. Chru (Chu Ru)
  35. Lao - People from Laos
  36. La Chi
  37. Phu La
  38. La Hu
  39. Khang
  40. Lu
  41. Pa Then
  42. Lô Lô (Lo Lo, Yi)
  43. Chứt - related to Vietnamese, only 2000-4000 people
  44. Mang
  45. Co Lao
  46. Buyei (Bo Y)
  47. La Ha
  48. Cống (Cong)
  49. Ngái
  50. Si La
  51. Pu Peo
  52. Brau
  53. Ro Mam
  54. O Du

Sources

External links

See also

Ethnic groups of Vietnam
Austroasiatic (Vietic)
Austroasiatic (non-Vietic)
Hmong–Dao
Tai–Kadai
Sino-Tibetan (Chinese)
Sino-Tibetan (Tibeto-Burman)
Malayo-Polynesian
Immigrants and expatriate
The 54 officially recognised ethnic groups are ranked by population in their language families according to 2019 census
Ethnic groups in Asia
Sovereign states
States with
limited recognition
Dependencies and
other territories
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