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This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Itzybella8 (talk | contribs) at 11:38, 19 January 2024 (2016 Embezzelment Scandal: added section about tension with china & impact on lotte's business operations. please feel free to rename the section if you have a better name). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Revision as of 11:38, 19 January 2024 by Itzybella8 (talk | contribs) (2016 Embezzelment Scandal: added section about tension with china & impact on lotte's business operations. please feel free to rename the section if you have a better name)(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff) South Korean multinational conglomerate corporation "Lotte (conglomerate)" and "LOTTE" redirect here. For the Japanese company, see Lotte Holdings.
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Lotte Corporation
Logo since 2017
Native name
  • 롯데그룹
Company typePublic
Traded asKRX: 004990
IndustryConglomerate
FoundedMarch 24, 1967; 57 years ago (1967-03-24)
FounderShin Kyuk-ho
HeadquartersSongpa District, Seoul, South Korea
Areas servedWorldwide
Key people
Subsidiaries
Korean name
Hangul롯데그룹
Revised RomanizationRotdegeurup
McCune–ReischauerRottegŭrup, Rotte-kŭrup
Websitewww.lotte.co.kr

Lotte Corporation is a South Korean multinational conglomerate corporation, and the fifth-largest chaebol in South Korea. Lotte began its history on June 28, 1948, by Korean businessman Shin Kyuk-ho in Tokyo. Shin expanded Lotte to his ancestral country, South Korea, with the establishment of Lotte Confectionery in Seoul on April 3, 1967.

Lotte Corporation consists of over 90 business units employing 60,000 people engaged in such diverse industries as candy manufacturing, beverages, hotels, fast food, retail, financial services, industrial chemicals, electronics, IT, construction, publishing, and entertainment. Lotte runs additional businesses in China, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Cambodia, Uzbekistan, India, the United States, the United Kingdom, Kazakhstan, Russia, the Philippines, Myanmar, Pakistan, Poland (Lotte bought Poland's largest candy company Wedel from Kraft Foods in June 2010), Australia and New Zealand (Lotte successfully bought 4 duty-free stores in Australia and 1 in New Zealand from JR/Group in 2019).

History

Lotte was founded in June 1948, by Korean businessman Shin Kyuk-ho in Tokyo, Japan, two years after he graduated from Waseda Jitsugyo High School (早稲田実業学校). Originally called Lotte Co., Ltd, the company has grown from selling chewing gum to children in post-war Japan to becoming a major multinational corporation.

Name

The source of the company's name is neither Korean nor Japanese, or even Chinese, but German. Shin Kyuk-ho was impressed with Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's The Sorrows of Young Werther (1774) and named his newly founded company Lotte after the character Charlotte in the novel. ("Charlotte" is also the name of premium auditoriums in movie theatres run by Lotte.)

Operations

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Lotte Department Store in Seoul
Lotte New York Palace Hotel

Lotte Corporation – is located in Songpa-gu, Seoul and Lotte Holdings Co., Ltd. in Shinjuku, Tokyo. It is controlled by the founder Shin Kyuk-Ho's extended family.

Business

Lotte Group's major businesses are food, retail, chemical, construction, manufacturing, tourism, service, finance, etc.

Sports

Lotte also owns professional baseball teams.

Lotte R&D Center

  • Korea R&D Center : 201, Magokjungang-ro, Gangseo-gu Seoul, South Korea

Controversies

Treatment of Beluga Whales

Lotte Corporation has received negative press attention due to treatment of a captive beluga whale named Bella, currently held in the Lotte World Aquarium Attraction in Seoul. In 2016, Lotte Corporation announced that they would no longer acquire new beluga whales after two of Bella's companions, Belli and Bellu, died in their care. In 2019, Lotte Corporation pledged that they would release Bella from captivity. As of 2023, the Lotte Corporation has come under increasing criticism for keeping Bella in solitary captivity for an extended multi-year period following their announcement. The Corporation has also been criticized by civic groups for a lack of updates or cohesive plan for retiring Bella to a sanctuary.

2016 Embezzelment Scandal

In June 2016, the police conducted a probe into Lotte Corp for a possible slush fund and embezzelment. The Seoul Central District Prosecutor’s Office reported that 240 investigators raided 17 Lotte offices, including its central Seoul headquarters and the homes of founder Shin Kyuk-ho, Chairman Shin Dong-bin and other key executives, with 15 more offices being raided just a week later.

After news of the investigation broke, between June 10 and June 14, Lotte Group firms lost over 1.21 trillion (US$1.06 billion) in market value. By October, its value had fallen by 15.8% to 7.75 trillion (US$6.77 billion) compared to its June 9 figure of 9.26 trillion (US$8.09 billion). Lotte Chemical Corp also withdrew from bidding for Axiall Corp in the wake of the scandal.

On June 13 2016, Lotte announced it would withdraw its initial public offering (IPO) for Hotel Lotte, which was scheduled for the following month. The IPO was predicted to garner up to 5.2 trillion (US$4.55 billion) which would have been the largest offering in South Korean history. Lotte spokesperson Choi Min-ho told the Korean Herald, “we physically cannot meet next month’s deadline to complete the Hotel Lotte IPO given the current circumstances". Despite local press reporting that Chairman Shin Dong-bin was keen to restart Hotel Lotte's IPO in 2020, Hotel Lotte is still yet to go public.

In August 2016, Vice Chairman Lee In-won was found dead in his car with a four-page long suicide note. His death came just hours before he was due to be questioned by prosecutors. Lee was considered the top lieutenant of Chairman Shin Dong-bin. According to a statement released by Lotte Group after his death, Lee "oversaw Lotte Group's overall housekeeping and core businesses and accurately understood the minds of Chairman-in-Chief Shin Kyuk-ho and Chairman Shin Dong-bin".

In October 2016, the Seoul Central District Prosecutors' Office closed their investigation. The probe accused Lotte founder Shin Kyuk-ho, his son Chairman Shin Dong-bin, along his mistress Seo Mi-kyung and two other children of embezzeling 146.2 billion (US$127.8 million). In addition, prosecutors claim they committed inheritance tax fraud amounting to 115.6 billion (US$101.05 million). A further 22 billion (US$19.23 million) of corporate tax was allegedly avoided by Lotte Chemical. South Korean authorities also argued that Lotte Engineering & Construction overpaid its suppliers and then reclaimed the difference, amounting to slush funds worth 30.2 billion (US$26.4 million). In total, the allegations of misconduct amounted to 375.5 billion (US$328.25 million).

The following year, founder Shin Kyuk-ho was fined 3.5 billion (US$3.06 million) and sentenced to four years in prison. At 95 years old, it seemed possible he would spend his last days incarcerated, but he was able to avoid imprisonment due to health issues, eventually passing away in 2020.

The founder's son and Chairman Shin Dong-bin was convicted of the charges of embezzelment and breach of trust, while Dong-bin's older brother Dong-joo was aquitted.

2017 Bribery Scandal

On 17 April 2017, Chairman Shin Dong-bin was embroiled in the 2016 South Korean political scandal and charged with bribery. In order to secure a duty-free deal for Lotte, Shin was accused of donating 7 billion (US$6.12 million) to a non-profit controlled by incumbent President Park Geun-hye's close friend Choi Soon-sil. On February 13 2018, Shin was fined 7 billion (US$6.12 million) and sentenced to 2.5 years incarceration. He was jailed immediately following the sentencing.

Following his conviction, Shin stepped down as Chief Operating Officer of Lotte Group's Japanese-based holding firm but remained on the board of directors.

In October 2018, an appeals court freed Shin from prison after just 234 days, giving him a suspended sentence of 4 years and cancelling the fine. News of Shin's release increased Lotte Group's market value by 4.2%.

A year later, in October 2019, the Seoul High Court upheld the appeals court's decision, arguing that Shin "passively" committed bribery with the understanding that not donating to Choi's non-profit would result in damage to Lotte Group.

Losses in China

Since 2004, Lotte had invested over 8 trillion (US$6.99 billion) into growing their presence in China, operating 112 Lotte Mart stores, 12 cinemas 5 Lotte Department stores in 2017. However, Lotte's Chinese operations reported net losses of 75.3 billion (US$65.82 million) in 2011, soaring sevenfold in just 3 years to 554.9 billion (US$485.07 million) in 2014.

To counter potential threats from North Korea, South Korea & the US sought to deploy an advanced anti-missile defence system, THAAD, in 2016. The site chosen was Lotte Skyhill Country Club in Seongsan due to its high elevation, distance from civilian centres and existing infrastructure. A Lotte spokesperson said that leadership "agonized" over the decision to allow the sale of the golf course for the THAAD system, but concluded their hands were tied: "if we say no to the government, we can't do business in Korea".

The installation of the THAAD system led to a rise in anti-Korean sentiment in China, with much of the ire directed at Lotte. Government-controlled news media encouraged Chinese consumers to boycott the Korean conglomerate, and protests were held across multiple cities, with employees of a mall in Xuchang protesting Lotte as they sung the Chinese national anthem.

Shortly after news of Lotte's co-operation with the THAAD installation, nearly all of Lotte Mart's 112 Chinese stores were closed down by the government due to supposed fire safety issues. Lotte Department also suffered in the hostile business environment, with an operating loss of 140 billion (US$122.38 million) between 2016 and 2018. Both Lotte Department Store & Lotte Mart formally ceased trading in China in 2018, with Lotte Chilsung Beverage & Lotte Confectionary leaving China a year later.

In 2022, Lotte closed their Chinese headquarters, effectively ending its business operations in the mainland.

Shin Family Feuds

Lotte Group is a Chaebol: a Korean conglomerate managed by a family, passing control from one generation to the next, usually patrilineally through the sons. Founder Shin Kyuk-ho and his Japanese wife Hatsuko Shigemitsu had two sons: Shin Dong-joo (born 1954) and Shin Dong-bin (born 1956). The brothers have struggled bitterly over leadership of Lotte Group.

2015 Power Struggle

In January 2015, Shin Dong-bin co-ordinated the dismissal of his older brother Shin Dong-joo from key positions at Japanese-based affiliates. Then, in July, Shin Dong-joo was ousted from the Vice President position of Lotte Holdings, with his younger brother assuming control. On August 17, shareholders approved younger Dong-bin as sole leader of Lotte Corp, confirming older Dong-joo's expulsion from all Lotte affiliates. As a result of the brotherly feud, investors became hesitant about Lotte's future, with Lotte Chemical's value plunging 13.63%, Lotte Shopping falling by 3.17% and Lotte Chilsung Beverage losing 6.85% in August.

In September 2015, both Hotel Lotte & Busan Lotte Hotel voted to dismiss Dong-joo. In a press conference in October 2015, Dong-joo claimed that his "greedy" younger brother Dong-bin had illegitimately co-ordinated a plot to remove him, announcing he would be taking legal action. Ligitation began in 2017 when Dong-joo filed a lawsuit against Hotel Lotte & Busan Lotte Hotel for wrongful dismissal, seeking renumeration worth 879 million (US$768,390.23). The court ruled against Dong-joo, stating there was insufficient evidence of malice, and this ruling was upheld by an appeals court in 2019.

Shin Kyuk-ho's Health & Guardianship

During the peak of the fraternal feud in 2015, it was reported that father and founder Shin Kyuk-ho was deteriorating mentally. The founder was described as "aged" and "having difficulties in judgment" in a statement by Lotte Group. While Dong-bin argued that his father was incapable of making managerial decisions, Dong-joo initially refuted this. However, a year later, an inside source close to Dong-joo revealed that his father had been taking Donepezil, a medication for dementia, since 2010.

In December 2015, the founder's younger sister Shin Jung-sook filed a petition with Seoul Family Court to determine a rightful legal guardian for the 94-year-old. In 2016, the court found that the founder had “limited mental abilities” and appointed guardianship to a pro bono attorney group led by a former chief of the Seoul High Court. Judge Kim Seong-woo stated that guardianship was not granted to any of Shin Kyuk-ho's family members due to the continued clashes over control of Lotte.

Potential Reconciliation

At the recommendation of their mother Hatsuko Shigemitsu, the two Shins met for the first time since the start of their feud at the Lotte Hotel in Seoul in June 2017. The meeting lasted just 10 minutes, according to their cousin Shin Dong-woo, and a reconciliation was not reached on that occasion.

Dong-bin's Conviction

Upon younger brother Dong-bin's incarceration for bribery in 2017, he stepped down as CEO of Lotte Holdings but remained on the board of directors. The position of Chairman was left vacant and the elderly founder was instated as honorary chairman, despite his deteroriating health. Dong-joo called shareholders to vote to remove Dong-bin from the board in June 2018 but the younger brother kept his position. This is the fifth time Dong-joo had attempted to oust Dong-bin: he had previously petitioned for Dong-bin's expulsion in August 2015, March 2016, June 2016 and June 2017, all of which were unsuccessful for the older Shin sibling.

Shin Kyuk-ho's Death

On 19 January 2020, founder Shin Ryuk-ho passed away. Shortly after, on 1 April 2020, the youngest son Shin Dong-bin was named heir and CEO of Lotte Holdings. Dong-joo immediately petitioned shareholders to expell his younger brother due to his bribery conviction's impact on the reputation & market value of the conglomerate. This is represents the sixth time Dong-joo attempted to oust Dong-bin from Lotte Holdings.

In June 2020, upon cleaning out the late founder's Japanese office, a handwritten note was found dating from March 2000 which named his eldest son Dong-joo as his successor. As of 2024, the youngest brother Dong-bin remains Chairman & CEO of Lotte Corp.

The Third-Generation Heir

Local press has reported that Shin Dong-bin's eldest son, Shin Yoo-yeol, is the next heir apparant. In December 2023, the 38-year-old was promoted to Executive Vice President of Lotte Group. However, Shin Dong-bin is yet to make any formal statement about his children's future in Lotte's management.

See also

References

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  2. "Lotte Group founder Shin Kyuk-ho dies at age 99". Yonhap. 19 January 2020.
  3. "Lotte Duty Free expands into Australia and New Zealand". Inside Retail. 26 March 2019. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  4. "Lotte Hotel Seoul – Hotel Facilities, Fitness, Spa, Conference room". www.lottehotel.com. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
  5. "Korean Chaebols: Lotte. The Origin of the Lotte Name". Retrieved 20 April 2014.
  6. "Inside the Korean cinemas offering a red-carpet experience". 13 September 2019.
  7. Jong-young, Nam. "After animal death, Lotteworld says it won't acquire more beluga whales". english.hani.co.kr. Retrieved 24 December 2023.
  8. Chen, Heather; Kwon, Junhyup (1 October 2021). "This Beluga Whale Has Been Held in a Conglomerate's Aquarium for Years". Vice. Retrieved 24 December 2023.
  9. Chen, Heather; Seo, Yoonjung (24 December 2023). "Free Bella: The fight to release a beluga whale from a South Korean mega mall's aquarium". CNN. Retrieved 24 December 2023.
  10. "Civic groups call for release of last beluga whale from Lotte World Aquarium". The Korea Times. 24 October 2023. Retrieved 24 December 2023.
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  53. Sang-Hun, Choe (19 January 2020). "'Chewing Gum Tycoon' of Lotte Group, Shin Kyuk-ho, Dies at 98". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  54. ^ Jin, Min-ji (29 April 2020). "Shin Dong-joo seeks to oust brother from board in Japan". Korea Joongang Daily. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
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  56. "Board of Directors". Lotte Corporation. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  57. Park, Anna J. (27 July 2023). "Lotte heir Shin Yoo-yeol leads Japan-based Lotte Financial Corp". Korea Times. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  58. Choi Jae-won, Park Chang-young, Park Hong-ju, and Yoon Yeon-hae (7 December 2023). "Lotte Group chairman's eldest son promoted to executive vice president - Pulse by Maeil Business News Korea". Pulse News Korea. Retrieved 19 January 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  59. Ji-hye, Shin (15 April 2020). "[The Heirs (2)] Will Lotte heir follow his father's path?". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 19 January 2024.

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